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ANALISIS DAN PREDIKSI BEBAN PENCEMARAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KAYULAPIS PT. JATI DHARMA INDAH, SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS PERAIRAN LAUT (Analysis and Prediction of Playwood Industry Liquid Waste Pollution Impact at PT. Jati Dharma Indah and their)
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Latif Sahubawa(1*)
(1) Jurusan Perikanan & Kelautan Fak. Pertanian UGM
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik, beban pencemaran serta distribusi pencemaran limbah cair Industri Kayulapis di perairan Laut Batu Gong Teluk Banguala Ambon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, rerata nilai parameter limbah industri kayulapis sebagai berikut: suhu = 35,8 oC; TSS : 12,783 mg/l; pH : 5, 6; BOD5 : 610 mg/l; COD : 759,50 mg/l; total phenol : 0,480 mg/l dan Hg : 0,00083 mg/l. Nilai pH, BOD5, COD telah melampui ambang batas Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Industri Kayulapis (Kepmen LH. No. 03, Tahun 1991). Debit limbah cair sebenarnya (Dp) : 88,125 m3/hari, debit limbah cair maksimum (DM) : 11.164,99 m3/bulan, dan debit limbah cair sebenarnya (DA) :2.643,840 m3/bulan (jadi DA < DM). Beban Pencemaran sebenarnya (harian BPA dan bulanan BPAi) parameter TSS, COD, dan phenol limbah cair industri lebih kecil dari Beban Pencemaran maksimum harian dan bulanan (BPM dan BPMi) masing-masing parameter tersebut. BPA dan BPAi parameter BOD5 lebih besar dari beban pencemaran maksimumnya. Rerata temperatur tertinggi perairan laut : 27,4 oC (stasion Il), TSS : 30,830 mg/l (stasion V), pH:8,0 (stasion VI), BOD, : 1070,00 mg/l (stasion II), COD : 1349,00 mg/l (stasion II), total phenol :0,325 (stasion II), Hg:0,00080 mg/l (stasion II), salinitas:33,0 ppm (stasion IV). Parameter BOD, COD, dan phenol telah melampui ambang batas Baku Mutu Air Laut untuk Biota Laut (Budidaya Perikanan) (Kepmen LH. No. 82 Tahun 2001). Rerata nilai Indeks Diversitas Plankton pada lokasi A (stasion II), lokasi B (antara stasion III dan IV), lokasi C (antara stasion V dan VI) masing-masing: 1,40; 1,66 dan 2,03. Lokasi A dan B telah melampaui nilai batas pencemaran sebesar 2 (tercemar berat) (Lee,l978). Rerata Koefisien Nilai Nutrisi (NVC) ikan pada lokasi B dan C yaitu 1,43 dan 1,38 lebih kecil dari nilai normal 1,7 (Lucky, 1977). Jenis ikan teri yang tertangkap sebanyak 4 jenis, dengan jumlah terbanyak adalah Stelaphorus spp.
ABSTRACT
Research aim to know the characteristic, pollution impact and also plywood industry wastewater pollution distribution in the Batu Gong seawater territorial of Ambon Baguala Bay. Pursuant to research result, average assess of plywood industry wastewater parameter the following: temperature = 35,8oC; TSS = 12.783 mg / l; pH = 5, 6; BOD5 = 610 mg / l; COD = 759.50 mg / l; total of phenol = 0,480 mg /l and Hg = 0,00083 mg / l. Assess the pH, BOD5, COD have overload the permanent boundary quality Of plywood industry liquid waste (Kepmen LH. No. 03, Year 1991). Charge of liquid waste in fact ( Dp) = 88.125 m3/day, charge of maximum liquid waste (DM) = 11,164.99 m3/month, and charge the actual liquid waste ( DA) = 2,643.840 m3/month (so, DA more than DM). Fact pollution load (daily-BPA and monthly-BPAI) of parameter TSS, COD, and total phenol industry wastewater less than daily maximum pollution load and monthly (BPM and BPMI) each the parameter. BPA and BPAI of parameter BOD5 was more than of maximum pollution load. Highest Temperature average of seawater is 27.4oC (stasion II), TSS is 30.830 Mg/l (stasion V), pH is 8.0 (stasion VI), BOD5 is 1070.00 mg/l (stasion II), COD is 1349.00 mg/l (stasion II), total of phenol is 0.325 (stasion II), Hg = 0.00080 mg/l (stasion II), salinitas is 33.0 ppm (stasion IV). Parameter BOD5, COD, and phenol more than the Permanent Boundary Quality of Fishery Aquaculture ( Kepmen LH. No. 82 Year 2001). Average assess the Index of Diversitas Plankton at location A (stasion II), location B (between stasion III and IV), location C (between stasion V and VI) each: 1.40; 1.66 and 2.03. Location A and B was more than pollution limit value (hard pollution) (Lee,1978). Fish Nutrition Value Coeficient average ) at Location B and C are 1.43 and 1.38, less than normaly value 1.7 (Lucky, 1977). Sardiene species that much catching was Stelaphorus spp. of the four species.
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