Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Combinated of Green Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and Kelulut Honey Design

https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.101247

Liza Pratiwi(1*), Any Guntarti(2)

(1) Pharmaceutical Technology Departement, Pharmacy Department, Medical Faculty, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat
(2) Department of Chemistry Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) have great potential as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Bioactive compounds in Coffea arabica L. include chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, caffeine, theophylline and theobromine, cafestol, kahweol, tocopherol and trigonelline. The contents of Heterotrigona itama are flavonoids, phenolic acids, proteins, amino acids, ascorbic acid, hydroxy methyl furfuraldehyde (HMF), and enzymes. This research aimed to formulate coffee and honey extracts using a targeted delivery system for topical use on the skin. The research method begins with the extraction process using ethanol solvent's maceration method. NLCs formulate by design expert for lipid, surfactant, and cosurfactant variation were evaluated for transmittance, pH, entrapment efficiency, particle size, transmission electron microscope (TEM), stability, and in vitro activity with DPPH. Based on the evaluation, the optimal NLCs obtained combined (glyceryl monostearate: tocopherol oil): tween 20: (PEG 400: propylenglikol) with a 4.27:24.02:13.71 composition ratio. The optimal NLCs green coffee and kelulut honey extract formulation for transmittance value was 96.98% ± 0.67, pH was 5.26 ± 0.19, and entrapment efficiency was 99.99 % ± 0,00,  particle size was 225 nm ± 0.39, and TEM provided details. Evaluation for antioxidant in vitro, IC50 NLCs optimal formula 72,12 ± 1,24; extract without NLCs 72.59 ± 0.79; and NLCs of base without extract 379.17 ± 2.05. The stability evaluation shows NLCs green coffee and honey extract stable in real-time stability and freeze-thaw cycle. NLCs green coffee and honey extract that was formulated by Design-Expert software has physical characteristics according to requirements, stable, and had antioxidant activity.


Keywords


antioxidant; D-Optimal mixture design; green coffee; kelulut honey; NLCs

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.101247

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