FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS OF Stevia rebaudiana USING HIERACHIAL CLUSTER ANALYSIS (HCA) AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA)

https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.10722

Yohanes Martono(1), Sugeng Riyanto(2), Sudibyo Martono(3*), Abdul Rohman(4)

(1) Doctoral Student Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Chemistry Study Program, Faculty Science and Mathematic, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
(2) Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(4) Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Bioactivity herbal plant is influenced by its active compounds and consistency. Stevia rebaudiana contains bioactive compounds, diterpene glycosides which have antidiabetes activity. The goal of this study was to develop fingerprints analysis of S. rebaudiana based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) chromatogram. S. rebaudina leaves were taken from different planting area, leave ages, and seeds source. S. rebaudiana leaves were analyzed using isocratic Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). Fingerprints analysis of S. rebaudiana was done using chemometrics of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Peak marker “common peak” were identify using Cluster Observation in HCA analysis at each peaks retention time formed in chromatogram. Retention times giving similarity value more than 0,90 were identified as “common peak”. HCA analysis resulted in 5 “common peak” identification as peaks marker particularly at peak no 1, 2, 4, 6 and 7. HCA analysis was also clustered samples into 3 main cluster. PCA analysis was optimized by calculated peak area whose N > 2000 particularly peak no 4, 6, and 7. PCA analysis result can be used to classify chromatogram based on original seeds, planting area and leave ages. Fingerprints analysis developed can be used an alternative method for quality control of S. rebaudiana herbal plants based on its bioactive compounds systemic characteristics.

Keywords


Stevia rebaudiana, Hierachial Cluster Analysis (HCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA)



References

Bergs, D., Burghoff, B., Joehnck, M., Martin, G. And Schembecker, G. 2012. Fast and isocratic HPLC-method for steviol glycosides analysis from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. J. Für Verbraucherschutz Leb. 7: 147–154.

Ceunen, S. And Geuns, J.M.C. 2013. Spatio-temporal variation of the diterpene steviol in Stevia rebaudiana grown under different photoperiods. Phytochemistry 89: 32–38.

Chen, J., Lu, Y.-H., Wei, D.-Z. And Zhou, X.-L. 2009. Establishment of a Fingerprint of Raspberries by LC. Chromatographia 70: 981–985.

Dey, A. And Pandey, D.K. 2014. HPTLC detection of altitudinal variation of the potential antivenin stigmasterol in different populations of the tropical ethnic antidote Rauvolfia serpentina. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 7 (Supplement 1): S540–S545.

Kim, I.-S., Yang, M., Lee, O.-H. And Kang, S.-N. 2011. The antioxidant activity and the bioactive compound content of Stevia rebaudiana water extracts. LWT - Food Sci. Technol. 44: 1328–1332.

Liu, X.-J., Hu, J., Li, Z.-Y., Qin, X.-M., Zhang, L.-Z. And Guo, X.-Q. 2011. Species classification and quality assessment of Chaihu (Radix bupleuri) based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic fingerprint and combined chemometrics methods. Arch. Pharm. Res. 34: 961–969.

Martono, Y., Riyanto, S., Rohman, A., Martono, S., 2015. Improvement method of fast and isocratic RP-HPLC analysis of major diterpene glycoside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. AIP (accepted). Selected paper on International Conference Science Technology, ICST Gadjah Mada University Indonesia .

Pan, Y., Zhang, J., Shen, T., Zhao, Y.-L., Wang, Y.-Z. And Li, W.-Y. 2015. Comparative metabolic fingerprinting of Gentiana rhodantha from different geographical origins using LC-UV-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis. BMC Biochem. 16: 9-19 .

Pól, J., Hohnová, B. And Hyötyläinen, T. 2007. Characterisation of Stevia rebaudiana by comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A, 29th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography 1150: 85–92.

Roy, B., Kujur, R., Singh, V., Ram, M., Yadava, H., Singh, K. And Kumari, S. 2010. Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of crude extract of Stevia rebaudiana in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacogn. Res. 2: 28-34.

Sehar, I., Kaul, A., Bani, S., Pal, H.C. And Saxena, A.K. 2008. Immune up regulatory response of a non-caloric natural sweetener, stevioside. Chem. Biol. Interact. 173: 115–121.

Shivanna, N., Naika, M., Khanum, F., Kaul, V.K., 2013. Antioxidant, anti-diabetic and renal protective properties of Stevia rebaudiana. J. Diabetes Complications 27: 103–113.

Snyder, L.R., Kirkland, J.J. And Glajch, J. 1997. Practical HPLC Method Development. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, United States of America. pp. 418-20.

Takasaki, M., Konoshima, T., Kozuka, M., Tokuda, H., Takayasu, J., Nishino, H., Miyakoshi, M., Mizutani, K. And Lee, K.-H. 2009. Cancer preventive agents. Part 8: Chemopreventive effects of stevioside and related compounds. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17: 600–605.

Tie, C., Hu, T., Guo, B. And Zhang, J. 2015. Novel strategy for herbal species classification based on UPLC–HRMS oligosaccharide profiling. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 111: 14–20.

Wang, L.S., Shi, Z., Shi, B.M. And Shan, A.S. 2014. Effects of dietary stevioside/rebaudioside A on the growth performance and diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 187: 104–109.

Zeng, Z.-D., Liang, Y.-Z., Xu And C.-J. 2004. Comparing chemical fingerprints of herbal medicines using modified window target-testing factor analysis. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 381: 913–924.

Zhang, Y., Dan, M., Wu, J., Yang, H., Huang, H., Qi, Y., Wei, S., Okuyama, T. And Nakajima, K. 2008. Study on the Chromatographic Fingerprinting of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. by LC Coupled with Principal Component Analysis. Chromatographia 68: 101–104.

Zhu, Y., Zheng, Q., Sun, Z., Chen, Z., Zhao, Y., Wang, Z., Yang, H., Li, J., Li, Y. And Xiao, X. 2014. Fingerprint–efficacy study of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (Fuzi) in quality control of Chinese herbal medicine. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 118: 1763–1772.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.10722

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2290 | views : 6183

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2016 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada