Gastroprotective Effect of Combinations of Cincau Leaves and Mangosteen Peel on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage

https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.33269

Wahyu Widyaningsih(1*), Eka Novyyanti Sary(2), Dessy Nur Halimah(3), Wa Ode Miftahul Jannah(4)

(1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University
(2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta
(3) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University
(4) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Gastric ulcer is still a health problem in Indonesia. The leaves of cincau (Cyclea barbata Miers) and mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn) have been investigated to have gastroprotective effects. This study aims to determine the effect of gastroprotector from the combination of Cincau leaves and mangosteen peel. This study used the post test only control group design. Wistar male rats were divided into 6 groups. Group I was a healthy control group and the second group was an untreated negative control. Group III is positive group treated with Ranitidine (0.016 g / kg BW). Groups IV, V, and VI were given green leaves of cincau (13.5 g / kg BW), mangosteen peel (25 g / kg BW) and 1: 1 combination. Treatment was performed for 14 days. On day 14 1 hour after treatment, all groups (except group I) were given 96% oral ethanol induction at a dose of 5 g / kg BW. On the 15th day the animals were sacrificed by means of anesthesia using chloroform. The area of the tukak is calculated by ImageJ and then calculates the index parameters of the ulcer and the protection ratio. The stomach is made of a hitopathologic preparation with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) preparations to observe COX-2 expression. The index data of ulcer, protection ratio, gastric mucosal damage score and number of cells expressing COX-2 were statistically analyzed by SPSS program. The results showed that the combination of green leaves and mangosteen leaf ratio of 1: 1 had a gastroprotective effect by inhibiting the gastric induced index, increasing the ratio of protection, reducing total mucosal damage and inhibiting the expression of COX-2 protein in rat stomach cells significantly (p <0 , 05).  Giving combination of Cincau leaf and mangosteen peal  of 1: 1 able to give gastroprotective effect.

Keywords


green cincau leaves; mangosteen peel; gastroprotektor; COX-2; daun cincau hijau; kulit manggis; gastroprotektor; COX-2

Full Text:

PDF


References

AlRashdi, A.S., Salama, S.M., Alkiyumi, S.S., Abdulla, M.A., Hadi, A.H.A., Abdelwahab, S.I., Taha, M.M., Hussiani, J., Asykin, N., 2012. Mechanisms of Gastroprotective Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Jasminum sambac against HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats. Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med. ECAM 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/786426

Djam’an, Q., 2008. Pengaruh Air Perasan Daun Cyclea barbata Miers (Cincau Hijau) terhadap Konsentrasi HCl Lambung dan Gambaran Histopatologik Lambung Tikus Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Acetylsalicylic acid. Magister Ilmu Biomedik Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.

Gusdinar, T., Herowati, R., Kartasasmita, R.E., Adnyana, I.K., 2009. Sintesis kuersetin terklorinasi dan aktivitas perlindungan terhadap tukak lambung. Maj. Farm. Indones. 20, 163–169.

Gutierrez-Orozco, F., Failla, M.L., 2013. Biological Activities and Bioavailability of Mangosteen Xanthones: A Critical Review of the Current Evidence. Nutrients 5, 3163–3183. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu5083163

Hasyim A, I.K., 2008. Manggis Kaya Antioksidan. Iptek Holtikultura.

Işbil Büyükcoşkun, N., Güleç, G., Ozlük, K., 2006. Protective effect of centrally-injected glucagon-like peptide-1 on reserpine-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rat: possible mechanisms. Turk. J. Gastroenterol. Off. J. Turk. Soc. Gastroenterol. 17, 1–6.

Jhonherf, 2007. Tanaman Obat Asli Milik Masyarakat Bangsa dan Negara. Pustaka Populer Obor, Jakarta.

Jung, H.-A., Su, B.-N., Keller, W.J., Mehta, R.G., Kinghorn, A.D., 2006. Antioxidant xanthones from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 2077–2082. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf052649z

Maheswari, H., 2002. Pemanfaatan Obat Alami: Potensi dan Prospek Pengembangan. Pustaka Populer Obor, Jakarta.

Miller, A.L., 1996. Antioxidant Flavonoids: Structure, Function and Clinical Usage. Altern. Med. Rev. 1, 103–111.

Miryanti, Y.A., Sapei, L., Budiono, K., Indra, S., 2011. Ekstraksi Antioksidan Dari Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.). Res. Rep. - Eng. Sci. 2.

Misnadiarly, 2009. Mengenal Penyakit Organ Cerna. Pustaka Populer Obor, Jakarta.

Muntiha, M., 2001. Teknik Pembuatan Preparat Histopatologi dari Jaringan Hewan dengan Pewarnaan Hematoksilin dan Eosin (H&E). Balai Penelitian Veteriner, Bogor.

Nakatani, K., Yamakuni, T., Kondo, N., Arakawa, T., Oosawa, K., Shimura, S., Inoue, H., Ohizumi, Y., 2004. gamma-Mangostin inhibits inhibitor-kappaB kinase activity and decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in C6 rat glioma cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 66, 667–674. https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.104.002626

Nurlela, J., 2015. The Effect Of Leaf Green Grass Jelly Extract (Cyclea L. Barbata Miers) To Motility In Mice Balb/C Male That Exposed Smoke. J. Major. 4.

Pertiwi, R., 2016. Efek Gastroprotektor Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Garut (Maranta arundinacea L.) Terhadap Indeks Tukak Lambung, Rasio Proteksi, ekspresi Protein COX-2 Dan Gambaran Histopatologis Lambung Pada Tikus Model Tukak Lambung. Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta.

Pihan, G., Regillo, C., Szabo, S., 1987. Free radicals and lipid peroxidation in ethanol- or aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. Dig. Dis. Sci. 32, 1395–1401.

Rohmani, A., Rakhmawatie, M.D., 2015. Efek Ekstrak Kulit Manggis Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Wistar Yang Diinduksi Formalin. J. Berk. Ilm. Kedokt. Dan Kesehat. 1.

Saptarini, N.M., Suryasaputra, D., Saepulhak, A.M., 2015. Analyzing Antiulcer Ratio Protection Of Pepino Dulce Fruit Juice (Solanum Muricatum Aiton) Using Mice As An Animal Experimental Model. Maj. Obat Tradis. Tradit. Med. J. 16, 75–80. https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8343

Sidahmed, H.M.A., Hashim, N.M., Amir, J., Abdulla, M.A., Hadi, A.H.A., Abdelwahab, S.I., Taha, M.M.E., Hassandarvish, P., Teh, X., Loke, M.F., Vadivelu, J., Rahmani, M., Mohan, S., 2013. Pyranocycloartobiloxanthone A, a novel gastroprotective compound from Artocarpus obtusus Jarret, against ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer in vivo. Phytomedicine Int. J. Phytother. Phytopharm. 20, 834–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.03.002

Siregar, I.M., Miladiyah, I., 2016. Protective effects of Cyclea barbata Miers leaves against aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Universa Med. 30, 88–94. https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.88-94

Sulamanda, S.C., Fidrianny, I., Soemardji, A.A., 2013. Peptic Ulcer Prevention in Female Wistar Rat with Gel From Cincau Hijau Fresh Leaves (Cyclea barbata MIERS.). J. Med. Planta 1.

Sumbul, S., Ahmad, M.A., Mohd., A., Mohd., A., 2011. Role of phenolic compounds in peptic ulcer: An overview. J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci. 3, 361–367. https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.84437

Szabo, S., Trier, J.S., Brown, A., Schnoor, J., Homan, H.D., Bradford, J.C., 1985. A quantitative method for assessing the extent of experimental gastric erosions and ulcers. J. Pharmacol. Methods 13, 59–66.

Trimurtini, I., 2015. Efek Anti Ulkus Ekstrak Air Daun Cincau Hijau (Cyclea Barbata Miers) Terhadap Mukosa dan Kadar Mukus Gaster Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Aspirin. Med. Kartika 4.

Yatman, E., 2012. Kulit Buah Manggis Mengandung Xanton Yang Berkhasiat Tinggi. Wawasan 29, 2–9.

Yoshikawa, T., Naito, Y., Kishi, A., Tomii, T., Kaneko, T., Iinuma, S., Ichikawa, H., Yasuda, M., Takahashi, S., Kondo, M., 1993. Role of active oxygen, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidants in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury induced by indomethacin in rats. Gut 34, 732–737.

Yulia, O., 2007. Pengujian Kapasitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Polar, Nonpolar, Fraksi Protein dan Nonprotein Kacang Komak (Lablab Purpureus (L.) Sweet).

Yunitasari, S., 2011. Buah manggis : Khasiat dan Pengolahannya. Pustaka Baru Press, Yogyakarta.

Zakaria, F.R., Prangdimurti, E., 2000. Skrining aktifitas biologis tanaman cincau untuk pengkayaan khasiat gel cincau hijau (Cyclea barbata Miers) (Considerated Report). Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.33269

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3438 | views : 9782

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2018 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada