.png)
.png)
* Corresponding Author
Antioxidants and Antityrosinase Activity of Ethanolic Basil Leaves Extract (Ocimum americanum L.) and Eygenol
https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.56081 Dio Damara Handoyo(1), Ermi Girsang(2*), Ali Napiah Nasution(3), I Nyoman Ehrich Lister(4)
(1) Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia
(2) Universitas Prima Indonesia
(3) Universitas Prima Indonesia
(4) Universitas Prima Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Harm effect from UV light, both UV-A and UV-B is contributing as a disease trigger and has an impact on human health. To investigate the bioactive compound, antioxidant, and the potential of basil leaves as antiaging sources particularly as the tyrosinase inhibitor. This study used phytochemical screening for the bioactive compound, DPPH scavenging activity for antioxidant assay, and tyrosinase inhibition activity for the antiaging property. The phytochemical screening shows that the basil leaves extract has flavonoid, saponin, phenol, steroid, and alkaloid. The basil leaves extract has lower antioxidant activity (20.55 ± 0.04 μg/mL) compared with eugenol (2.44 ± 0.26 μg/mL) through DPPH scavenging activity. The basil leaves extract (35.59 ± 0.83 μg/mL) has lower antiaging activity particularly as antityrosinase activity compared with eugenol (10.87 ± 0.41 μg/mL). Our findings suggest that basil leaves can be used as an antioxidant and antiaging source, particularly as a tyrosinase inhibitor.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aini, K. (2014) ‘Skrining Fitokimia dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan serta Kandungan Total Fenol Ekstrak Buah Labu Siam (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.)’, in. Proceeding at National Seminar and Workshop of Biology and Learning: pp. 1004-1009.
Bariyah, S.Kahir-ul et al. 2012. Ocimum Basilicum: A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies. Jurnal Pak. J. Chem: Pakistan. 2012; 2(2), pp. 78-85.
Bamidele, A., Bamidele, A. P. and Nnate, D. A. (2017) 'Evaluation of antioxidant potentials of the methanolic leaf extracts of vegetables, fruits and medicinal plants commonly consumed in Kaduna state, Nigeria', 5(1), pp. 388–393.
Bhawani, S.A., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R., dan Ibrahim, M.N.M. 2011. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of steroids. Trop J Pharm Res.: Nigeria. 2011; 9(3), pp. 301-313
Chaiyana, Wantida et al. 2019. Ocimum sanctum Linn. as a natural source of skin anti-aging compounds. Elsevier: Industrial Crops & Products Journal: USA. 2019; 127(2019), pp. 217-224
Charrisa, Meiliana, Joshita D., dan Berna E.. 2016. Antioxidant Activity Screening, Inhibition of Tyrosinase and Efficacy Test of Gel Containing Taya Cortex (Nauclea subdita) Extract on Human Skin. The Indonesian Pharmaceutical Journal: Jakarta . 2016; 6(2), pp. 98-107
D’Orazio, J. et al. (2013) ‘UV radiation and the skin’, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 14(6), pp. 12222–12248. doi: 10.3390/ijms140612222.
Di Petrillo, A. et al. (2016) ‘Tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant properties of Asphodelus microcarpus extracts’, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 16(1), pp. 1–9. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1442-0.
Ergina, Nuryanti S, P. and Pursitasari, I. (2014) ‘Uji Kualitatif Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Daun Palado (Agave angustifolia) yang Diekstraksi dengan Pelarut Air dan Etanol’, Jurnal Akademika Kimia, 3(3), pp. 165–172.
Erviana, Linda, Abd. Malik, dan Ahmad Najib. 2016. Free radical scavenging test of basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) ethanol extract by using DPPH Method. Indonesian Phytopharmaca Journal: Makassar. 2016: 3(2), pp. 164-168
Fais, A. et al. (2009) ‘Tyrosinase inhibitor activity of coumarin-resveratrol hybrids’, Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 14(7), pp. 2514–2520. doi: 10.3390/molecules14072514.
Fidrianny, I., Rizkiya, A. and Ruslan, K. (2015) ‘Antioxidant activities of various fruit extracts from three solanum sp. using DPPH and ABTS method and correlation with phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid content’, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 7(5), pp. 666–672.
Ginting, B. et al. (2017) ‘Antioxidant Activity of N-Hexane Extract of Nutmeg Plants From South Aceh Province’, Jurnal Natural, 17(1), p. 39. doi: 10.24815/jn.v17i1.6969.
Girsang, E. et al. (2015) ‘Serbuk biji salak (Salacca zalacca ) sebagai bioadsorben dalam memperbaiki kualitas minyak goreng bekas’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Sains (SNPS), (November), pp. 583–594.
Güez, C. M. et al. (2017) ‘Evaluation of basil extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) on oxidative, anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects in human leukocytes cell cultures exposed to challenging agents’, Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 53(1). doi: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000115098.
Gupta, V. et al. (2009) ‘In vitro evaluation of antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Rhodiola imbricata’, J. of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, 6, p. 12.
Kamkaen, N., Mulsri, N. and Treesak, C. (2007) ‘Screening of Some Tropical Vegetables for Anti-tyrosinase Activity’, Thai Pharmaceutical and Health Science Journal, 2(1), pp. 15–19. Available at: http://www.fao.org/ag/Ags/agsi/ENZYMEFINAL/Enzymatic Browning.html.
Khair-ul-Bariyah, S., Ahmed, D. and Ikram, M. (2012) ‘Ocimum Basilicum: A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies’, Pakistan Journal of Chemistry, 2(2), pp. 78–85. doi: 10.15228/2012.v02.i02.p05.
Lestari et al. 2018. Antioxidant activity in gayam leaves extract (Incarpus fagiferus Fobs). Biosfera: Purwokerto. 2018: 35(1), pp. 37 – 43.
Lisan, F. R. (2015) ‘Penentuan Jenis Tanin secara Kualitatif dan Penetapan Kadar Tanin dari Serabut Kelapa (Cocos Nucifera L.) secara Permanganometri’, Calyptra: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya, 4(1), pp. 1–10.
Maesaroh, K., Dikdik K., dan Jamaludin A. A. 2018. Perbandingan Metode Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan DPPH, FRAP dan FIC Terhadap Asam Askorbat, Asam Galat dan Kuersetin. Chimica et Natura Acta: Sumedang. 2018; 6(2), pp. 93-100
Martiningsih, Ni W., dan Ida A. P. S. 2017. Phytochemical Screening and antifungal activity of essential oils of basil leaves (Ocimum sp.). Proceeding SENARI 5th UNDIKSHA: Bali. 2017, pp. 631-636
Monisa, F. S. et al. (2016) ‘Potensi Ekstrak Tanin Daun dan Kulit Batang Surian sebagai Penghambat α -Glukosidase ( Tannin Extract Potential of Surian Leaf and Bark as α -Glucosidase Inhibitor )’, Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 14(2), pp. 156–164.
Ningrum, R., Elly P., dan Sukarsono. 2016. Identification of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Stem as Biology Instructional Material for Senior High School X Grade. Indonesian Biology Education Journal: Malang. 2016; 2(3): 231-236
Noer, S., Rosa D. P., dan Efri G. 2018. Determination of phytochemical compound levels (tannins, Saponin and flavonoids as Kuersetin) on Leaves extract rue (Ruta angustifolia L.). Eksakta: Yogyakarta. 2018; 18(1), pp. 19-29
Prabawati, Susy Y., dan Arini F. A. 2015. Utilization of natural ingredients eugenol as an antioxidant substance. Kaunia: Yogyakarta.2015; 11(1), pp. 11-18
Ramadani. 2016. Terpenoid the natural chemical compound. IAIN Kerinci journal: Jambi. 2016; 1(1), pp. 1-9
Redha, Abdi. 2010. Flavonoid: Structure, Antioxidative characteristic, and the role in biologic system. Belian Journal: Pontianak. 2010; 9(2), pp. 196-202
Rasul, A. et al. (2011) ‘Evaluation for antierythmic and depigmenting effects of a newly formulated emulsion containing basil extract’, 5(26), pp. 6249–6253.
Rumagit, H. M. et al. (2015) ‘UJI FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL SPONS Lamellodysidea herbacea Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas MIPA UNSRAT Manado’, PHARMACONJurnal Ilmiah Farmasi – UNSRAT Agustus, 4(3), pp. 2302–2493.
Saeio, K., Wantida C., dan Siriporn O. 2011. Antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of essential oils of edible Thai plants. Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics Journal: Japan. 2011; 5(3), pp. 144-149
Samejo, M,Q., Memon, S., Bhanger, M.I., dan Khan, K. M. 2013. Isolation and characterization of steroids from Calligonum polygonoides. J. Pharmacy Res.: India. 2013; 6, pp. 346-349
Serlahwaty, Diana dan Atika Nourmela Sevian. 2016. Antioxidant Scavenging Activity of Strawberry and Tomato 96% Ethanolic Extract Combination using ABTS Method. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences: Samarinda. 2016; 3(2), pp. 322-330
Shekhar, T. and Goyal, A. (2014) ‘Antioxidant Activity by DPPH Radical Scavenging Method of Ageratum conyzoides Linn. Leaves’, American Journal of Ethnomedicine, 1, pp. 244–249.
Sofiana, Rahmi, Anak A.G.P Wiraguna, dan Wimpie Pangkahila. 2017. The Ethanol Extract Of The Mengkudu Seed (Morinda citrifolia) Is As Effective As Hydroquinone Cream In Preventing The Increase In The Number Of Melanin Skin (Cavia porcellus) Melanin Exposed By Ultraviolet B Light. eBM journal: Manado. 2017; 5(1), pp. 1-6
Suharto, M., Edy, H. J. and Dumanauw, J. M. (2012) ‘ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA SAPONIN DARI EKSTRAK METANOL BATANG PISANG AMBON(Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum L.)’, in. Pharmacon: Manado. 2012; 1(2), pp. 86-92
Sulastri, T. 2009. Analysis Of Tanin Levels Of Water Extract And Ethanol Extract In Betel Nut (Areca catechu. L).Chemica journal: Yogyakarta. 2009; 10(1), pp. 59-63
Sun, Liping et al. 2017. Antioxidant and Anti-tyrosinase Activities of Phenolic Extracts fromRape Bee Pollen and InhibitoryMelanogenesis by cAMP/MITF/TYRPathway in B16 Mouse Melanoma Cells. Journal Frontiers in Pharmacology: Switzerland. 2017; 8(104), pp. 1-9.
Sungthong, B., dan Methin P. 2015. Anti-Tyrosinase and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Thai Herbal Extracts Traditionally Used as Skin Toner. Phcog J: India. 2015; 7(2), pp. 97-101
Tu, P. T. B. and Tawata, S. (2015) ‘Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Aging, and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of the Essential Oils from Two Varieties of Alpinia zerumbet.’, Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 20(9), pp. 16723–16740. doi: 10.3390/molecules200916723.
Wahdaningsih, S, EP Setyowati, dan S Wahyono. 2011. Free Radical Scavenging Activity Of (Alsophila glauca J. Sm).Trad Med J.: Yogyakarta. 2011; 16 (3), pp. 156-160
Warsi and Sholichah, A. R. (2017) ‘Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction from basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum L.) by DPPH radical scavenging method’, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 259(1). doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/259/1/012008.
Werdhasari, Asri. 2014. Antioxidant role in life. Biotek Medisiana Indonesian Journal: Jakarta. 2014; 3(2), pp. 59-68.
Widowati, W. et al. (2016) ‘Antioxidant and Anti Aging Assays of Oryza sativa Extracts, Vanillin and Coumaric Acid’, Journal of Natural Remedies, 16, p. 88. doi: 10.18311/jnr/2016/7220.
Widowati, W. et al. (2017) ‘Antioxidant and Antiaging Assays of Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract and Its Compounds’, Natural Product Sciences, 23, pp. 192–200. doi: 10.20307/nps.2017.23.3.192.
Widowati, W. et al. (2018) ‘Antioxidant and antiaging activities of Jasminum sambac extract, and its compounds’, Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, pp. 270–285.
Wink, Michael. 2007. Ecological roles of alkaloids. In: Modern Alkaloids. Structure, Isolation, Synthesis, and Biology (Fattorusso E. and Taglialatela-Scafati O., eds.). Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, pp 3 – 24.
Wuttisin, N. et al. (2017) ‘Anti-tyrosinase activity of orange peel extract and cosmetic formulation’, International Food Research Journal, 24(5), pp. 2128–2132.
Yanuartono et al. 2017. Saponins: Impact on Livestock (Reviews). Sriwijaya journal of animal science. Palembang. 2017; 6(2), pp. 79-90
Yonathan, K. H., Lintong, P. M. and Durry, M. F. (2016) ‘Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak biji kakao (Theobroma cacao) terhadap jumlah pigmen melanin kulit tikus Wistar (Rattus novergicus) yang dipapar sinar matahari’, Jurnal e-Biomedik, 4(2). doi: 10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14710.
Zahra, Salsabila, dan Yoppi Iskandar. 2017. Article Reviews: Chemical Compounds And Bioactivity Of Ocimum basilicum L.Jurnal Farmaka: Bandung. 2017; 15(3), pp. 143-152
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.56081
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2265
| 
views : 2754
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Majalah Obat Tradisional
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada