THE ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF HOT WATER EXTRACT OF CASHEW NUT’S STEM BARK (Anacardium occidentale L.) ON RAT PAW OEDEMA INDUCT BY CARRAGEENAN

https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8052

Lini Veriony(1), Sudarsono Sudarsono(2), Agung Endro Nugroho(3*)

(1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Hot water extract of cashew nut’s stem bark (Anacardium occcidentale L.) traditionally has been used as mouth washer to heal mouth and gum inflammation. Combination of aqueous extract of cashew nut stem bark and grape juice have anti-inflammatory activity. Cashew nut stem bark contains gallic acid and anacardic acid that had anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this research is to observe anti-inflammatory activity of the hot water extract of Cashew nut’s stem bark compared to Indomethacin Non-Steroid Anti-inflammatory Drug. This research’s process consists of collection of the stem barks, extraction of the stem bark by hot water, qualitative analysis of gallic acid and anacardic acid, measurement total phenolic value, free radical scavenging and antiinflamatory activity assay. The hot water extract of stem bark was used to observe anti-inflammatory activity by 1.25; 2.5; 5g/kgBB and as positive control was indomethacin 10 mg/kgBB. The result of edema volume determination were counted as area under curve value and anti-inflammatory percentage and then the data were analyzed to evaluate the data difference of every group. The anti-inflammatory activity of 1.25; 2.5 and 5g/kgBB were not significantly different compared to 10 mg/kg BB indomethacin. The total phenolic concentration was gradually decreasing with the increasing concentration of the hot water extract of stem bark. The free radical scavenging DPPH activity at 1mg/mL hot water extract of stem bark was poorly than gallic acid 1mg/mL.

Keywords


Cashew nut stem bark (Anacardium occidentale L.), anacardic acid, phenolic, hot water extract, anti-inflamatory



References

Anonim, 2011a, Anacardic Acid, http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Anacardic_acid, 4 juni 2011.

Anonim, 2010b, Discovery and Development of Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclooxygenase_2_inhibitors:_drug_discovey_and_development, 5 Juli 2011

Brekhman and Dardymov, 1969, New Substances of Plants Origin Which Increase Non-Specific Resistance, Annual Review of Pharmacology 9, pp. 419–430. View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (162)

Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan, diterjemahkan Padmawanita dan Iwang Soediro, Terbitan kedua, Penerbit ITB, Bandung

Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, et al., 2006, Do Selective Cycloxygenase-2 Inhibitors And Traditional Nsaids Increase Risk of Atherothrombosis. Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. BMJ , 332:1302-1308

Kresnamurti A., dan Budiati T., 2008, Pebandingan Uji Sitotoksik CNSL, Asam Anakardat dan Kardol dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, Jurnal Obat Bahan Alam, Vol. 7 (I), hal 84-97

Lands, W.E., 1985, Mechanisms of Action of Antiinflammatory Drugs, Advances in Drug Research, 114, 148-163 cit Nurrochmad, A., 1997, Penghambatan Biosintesis Prostaglandin Melalui Jalur Siklooksigenase oleh Siklovalon dan tiga senyawa analognya, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

Mota, ML., Thomas G., Barbosa Filho JM., 1985, Anti-inflammatory Actions of Tannins isolated from the bark of Anacardium occidentale L., J Ethnopharmacol, (3):289-300

Ojewole JA., 2004, Potentiation of The Antiinflammatory Effect of Anacardium Occidentale (Linn.) Stem-Bark Aqueous Extract By Grapefruit Juice, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Durban-Westville, Durban, South Africa. Philadelphia, Pa

Prihatman, K., 2000, Jambu Mete, Tentang Budidaya Pertanian, Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pembangunan di Perdesaaan, BAPPENAS

Sudarsono, Gunawan D., Wahyono S., Donatus I.A., Purnomo, 2002, Tumbuhan Obat II; Hasil Penelitian, Sifat-sifat, dan Penggunaan, Pusat Studi Obat Tradisional UGM, ISBN-979-95113-1-3; hal. 5-7

Sulistyorini A. S., 2005, Perbandingan Efek Analgesik Air Rebusan Kulit Batang Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) Dengan Aspirin Dosis Terapi Pada Mencit, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta

Sung, Bokyung, Pandey, MK, Seok, Kwang, Yi, Tingfang et al., 2008, Anacardic Acid (6-Nonadecyl Salicylic Acid), An Inhibitor of Histone Acetyltransferase, Suppresses Expression of Nuclear Factor-Κb–Regulated Gene Products Involved In Cell Survival, Proliferation, Invasion, And Inflammation Through Inhibition of The Inhibitory Subunit of Nuclear Factor-Κbα Kinase, Leading To Potentiation of Apoptosis, journal blood, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2384122/?tool=pubmed, 20 Januari 2011

Wagner H., 1980, Pharmazeutische Biologie; Gustav Fischer Verlag-Stuttgart, hal 271



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8052

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1675 | views : 14819

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2015 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada