* Corresponding Author
STUDY OF CHARACTERISTICS OF GASIFICATION PROCESS OF VARIOUS BIOMASS IN A DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER
https://doi.org/10.22146/ajse.v3i1.5190 Agus Aktawan(1*), Agus Prasetya(2), Wahyu Wilopo(3)
(1) Gadjah Mada University
(2)
(3)
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Biomass gasification is an endothermic reaction process for converting biomass into syngas, occurs at high temperatures with limited oxygen. Knowing the temperature profile of biomass gasification wood charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and coconut shell, rice husk and woodchip and seek optimal results from gasification of biomass are the purpose of the research.
The equipment in this research consisted of; gasifier as the main tool with 4 temperature sensors, two cyclones for tar and dust separator, cooler to refrigerate and filter containing biomass as a catcher of dust and tar from the syngas. Research start by ignite the biomass in the gasifier, the air flows by blower and the syngas came out after the filter. Research variabel are variation of biomass types mentioned above and variation of shell and coconut shell charcoal mixing. Observations were made up until the biomass in the gasifier did not produce syngas, characterized by gas results could not burn.
The results of the temperature profile of gasification of various types of biomass shows that the syngas appeared in the early minutes (2 minutes until the 5th) on the gasification, such as gasification coconut shell, woodchip, rice husk. Syngas of coconut shell charcoal is 2,825% w/w of biomass and can burn for 19 minutes and resulted in 1,92% ash and 29,57% charcoal. Syngas of mixture 25% shell and 75% coconut shell charcoal is 5,013% w/w of biomass and can burn for 30 minutes and resulted in 1,61% ash and 5,1% charcoal.Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia, www.bps.go.id, diakses tanggal 10 Februari 2013.
Basu, P., 2006, “Combustion and Gasification in Fluidized Beds”, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Diebold, 1985, “The Cracking Kinetics of Depolymerized Biomass Vapors in a Continuous Tubular Reactor”, Masters’s thesis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colo.
Feldmann, 2008, “Biomass Gasification System”, Us Patent application Publication, US 2008/0022592A1.
Krisna, B.P., Shobar, M.R.C., 2006, “Karakterisasi Gasifikasi Tongkol Jagung Dalam Gasifier Belonio”, Fakultas Teknologi Industri ITB, A.67.3.06/9.
Laohalidanond, K., J. Heil, 2008, C. Wirtgen, “The Production of Synthetic Diesel from Biomass”, KMITL Sci. Tech. J. Vol 6 No. 1.
Manurung, R., 1981. Gasification and Pyrolitik Covertion of Agricultural and Forestry Wastes. Renewable Energy Review Journal: Vol.3 No. 1.
Munir, S. 2008. “Peran Sistem Klasifikasi Bahan Bakar Padat Konvensional Hubungannya dengan Diversifikasi Energi”, MIMBAR, Vol. XXIV, No. 1 (Januari – Juni 2008) : 69-78.
Peraturan Presiden Nomor. 5 Tahun 2006 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional;
Pusat Data dan Informasi Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian Republik Indonesia, http://deptan.go.id, diakses tanggal 10 Februari 2013.
Pratoto, A dan S. Raharjo, 2008, “Pengaruh katalis terhadap Produksi Hidrogen pada Gasifikasi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit”, Ringkasan Penelitian Fundamental, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Andalas.
Priyono, SKS., 2001, “Komitmen Berbagai Pihak dalam Menanggulangi Ilegal Logging”, Konggres Kehutanan Indonesia III, Jakarta.
Pusdatin , 2010, “Buku Pegangan Statistik Ekonomi Energi Indonesia”, DESDM.
Quaak, P., H. Knoef, H. Stassen, 1999, “Energy from Biomass: a review of combustion and gasification technologies”, The World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA.
Reed and A. Das, 1988, “Handbook of Biomass Downdraft Gasifier Engine Systems”, Solar Energy Research Institute, Colorado.
Rusdaniyar, 2012, “Optimalisasi Efisiensi Kompor Gasifikasi Berbahan Bakar Sekam Padi dan Serbuk Gergaji dengan Sistem Impan Kontinyu”, Jurusan Teknik Mesin dan Industri, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Sahraeni, S., 2010, “Studi Distribusi Hasil Gas Cair dan Padat pada Gasifikasi Biomassa (Tongkol jagung, Tempurung kelapa dan Sekam padi)”, Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Statistik Perkebunan, 2009-2011, “Produksi Kelapa Menurut Propinsi di Seluruh Indonesia”, Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan.
Sulistyaningati, 1985, “Pirolisis Tempurung Kelapa secara “Batch” dengan Prinsip Oksidasi Partial”, Laboratorium Proses Kimia Jurusan Teknik Kimia Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Tasliman, 2008, Teknologi Gasifikasi Biomas. Diakses dari http://tungkubiomass.blogspot.com/ pada tanggal 13 September 2010.
Tsai, W.T., M.K. Lee, Y.M. Chang, 2006, “Fast Pyrolysis of Rice Straw, Sugarcane Bagasse and Coconut Shell in A Introduction Heating Reaktor”, J.Anal.Appl.Pyrolysis, 76, 230-237.
Yaman, S., 2004, “Pyrolysis of Biomass to Produce Fuels and Chemical Feed Stocks”, Energy Conversion and Management, 45, 51-671.
Yokoyama, S., 2008, “Buku Panduan Biomassa Asia”, The Japan Institute of Energy.
Yulistiani, F., 2009, “Kajian Tekno Ekonomi Pabrik Konversi Biomassa Menjadi Bahan Bakar Fischer-Tropsch Melalui Proses Gasifikasi”, Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Institut Teknologi Bandung.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ajse.v3i1.5190
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2584
| 
views : 2667
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c)
Universitas Gadjah Mada