Adsorpsi Zat Warna Kristal Violet Menggunakan Limbah Kulit Singkong (Manihot esculenta)



Heni Irawati(1*), Nurul Hidayat Aprilita(2), Eko Sugiharto(3)

(1) 
(2) Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pemanfaatan limbah kulit singkong sebagai biosorben untuk mengadsorpsi zat warna kristal violet dengan sistem batch. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan biosorben kulit singkong yang dikarakterisasi dengan spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) untuk mengetahui gugus fungsi, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) untuk mempelajari morfologi permukaan biosorben dan Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) untuk mengetahui luas permukaan. Uji kemampuan adsorpsi biosorben kulit singkong terhadap zat warna kristal violet dilakukan pada berbagai variasi massa biosorben, pH larutan, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi awal kristal violet. Selanjutnya dilakukan studi kinetika, isoterm dan energi adsorpsi. Hasil karakterisasi FTIR sebelum adsorpsi zat warna kristal violet menunjukkan adanya gugus C-H, O-H, C-O dan C=O dari lignoselulosa yang terkandung dalam kulit singkong. Terdapat pergeseran bilangan gelombang setelah terjadinya adsorpsi pada gugus O-H dan C-O serta munculnya puncak baru gugus C-N dari zat warna kristal violet yang mengindikasikan adanya interaksi antara biosorben dengan zat warna kristal violet. Karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan morfologi permukaan biosorben yang heterogen dan memiliki luas permukaan 0,85 m2 g-1. Pada konsentrasi awal zat warna kristal violet 100 mg L-1 sebanyak 20 mL diperoleh keadaan optimum massa biosorben 0,10 g, pH 7 dan waktu kontak 210 menit dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 19,41 mg g-1. Kinetika adsorpsi zat warna kristal violet pada biosorben kulit singkong mengikuti persamaan kinetika orde dua semu dengan laju reaksi sebesar 2,26 x 10-2 g mg-1 menit-1. Tipe isoterm yang sesuai yaitu tipe isoterm Freundlich dan berlangsung secara kemisorpsi dengan energi adsorpsi sebesar 22,38 kJ mol-1.


Full Text:

PDF


References

Ahmad, R., 2009, Studies on Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution onto Coniferous Pinus Bark Powder (CPBP), J. Hazard. Mater., 171, 767–773.

Amela, K., Hassen, M.A., and Kerroum, D., 2012, Isotherm and Kinetics Study of Biosorption of Cationic Dye onto Banana peel, Energ. Proc., 19, 286–295.

Awokoya, K .N., Owoade, O.J., Moronkola, B.A., Oguntade, B.K., Ibikunle, A.A., Atewolara-Odule, O.C., and Ogundare, S.A., 2016, Morphological Characteristics of Cassava Peel and Its Effect on The Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Media, J. Multidisc. Eng. Sci. Technol., 3,5342-5348.

Castellan, G.W., 1982, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Ed., New York: General Graphic Services.

Chakraborty, S., Chowdhury, S., and Saha, P.D., 2011, Adsorption of Crystal Violet from Aqueous Solution onto NaOH-Modified Rice Husk, Carbohydr. Polym., 86, 1533–1541.

Demirbas, A., Pehlivan, E., Gode, F., Altun, T., and Arslan, G., 2005, Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution on Amberlite IR-120 Synthetic Resin, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 282(1), 20-15.

Farooq, U., Khan, A.M., Athar, M., and Kozinski, J.A., 2011, Effect of Modification of Environmentally Friendly Biosorbent Wheat (Triticum aestivum) on The Biosorptive Removal of Cadmium (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution, Chem. Eng. J., 171, 400-410.

Ferreira, B.C.S., Teodoro, F.S., Mageste, A.B., Gil, L.F., Freitas, P., and Gurgel, L.V.A., 2015, Application of A New Carboxylate-Functionalized Sugarcane Bagasse for Adsorptive Removal of Crystal Violet from Aqueous Solution: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies, Ind. Crop. Prod., 65, 521–534.

Guzel, F., Saygılı, H., Saygılı, G.A., and Koyuncu, F., 2014, Decolorisation of Aqueous Crystal Violet Solution by A New Nanoporous Carbon: Equilibrium and Kinetic Approach, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20, 3375–3386.

Hamdaoui, O. and Chiha, M., 2007, Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions by Wheat Bran, Acta. Chem. Slov., 54, 407-418.

Horsfall, M., Abia, A.A., and Spiff, A.I., 2006, Kinetic Studies on The Adsorption of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Cassava (Manihot sculenta Cranz) Tuber Bark Waste, Bioresour. Technol., 97, 283–291.

Kannan, N. and Veemaraj, T., 2010, Batch Adsorption Dynamics and Equilibrium Studies for The Removal of Cd(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Jack Fruit Seed and Commercial Activated Carbons, J. Environ. Argic. Food Chem., 9, 327-336.

Khaled, A., Nemr, A.E., El-Sikaily, A., and Abdelwahab, O., 2009, Removal of Direct N Blue-106 from Artificial Textile Dye Effluent Using Activated Carbon from Orange Peel: Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Studies, J. Hazard. Mater., 165, 100–110.

Kosasih, A.N., Febrianto, J., Sunarso, J., Ju, Y.H., Indraswati, N., and Ismadji, S., 2010, Sequestering of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution Using Cassava Peel (Manihot esculenta), J. Hazard. Mater., 180, 366–374.

Kumar, P.S., Ramalingam, S., Sathyaselvabala, V., Kirupha, S.D., Murugesan, A., and Sivanesan, S., 2012, Removal of Cadmium(II) from Aqueous Solution by Agricultural Waste Cashew Nut Shell, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29(6), 756-768.

Kurniawan, A., Kosasih, A.N., Febrianto, J., Ju, Y.H., Sunarso, J., Indraswati, N., and Ismadji S., 2011, Evaluation of Cassava Peel Waste as Lowcost Biosorbent for Ni-Sorption: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Thermodynamics and Mechanism, Chem. Eng. J., 172, 158–166.

Liu, Q. Q., and Pan, C. Y., 2012, A Novel Route to Treat Wastewater Containing Cationic Dyes, Sep. Sci. Technol., 47, 630.

Masoumi, A., Hemmati, K., and Ghaemy, M., 2016, Low-Cost Nanoparticles Sorbent from Modified Rice Husk and A Copolymer for Efficient Removal of Pb(II) and Crystal Violet from Water, Chemosphere, 146, 253-262.

Mimura, A.M.S., Vieira, T.V.A., Martelli, P.B., Gorgulho, H.F., 2010, Utilization of Rice Husk to Remove Cu2+, Al3+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from Wastewater, Quim. Nova., 33, 1279-1284.

Okoro, I.A. and Okoro, S.O., 2011, Agricultural by Product as Green Chemistry Adsorbents for The Removal and Recovery of Metal Ions from Waste Water Environments, J. Water Air Soil Pollut., 2(1), 15-22.

Oladipo, A.A., Gazi, M., 2014, Enhanched Removal of Crystal Violet by Low Cost Alginate/Acid Activated Bentonite Composite Beads: Optimization and Modelling Using Non–Linear Regression Technique, J. Wat. Proc. Eng., 2, 43–52.

Pavia, D.L., Lampman, G.M., Kriz, G.S., and Vyvyan, J.R., 2001, Introduction to Spectroscopy, 4th Ed., Cengage Learning, Canada.

Saha, P.D., Chakraborty, S., and Chowdhury, S., 2012, Batch and Continuous (Fixed-Bed Column) Biosorption of Crystal Violet by Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit) Leaf Powder, Colloid. Surface. B., 92, 262–270.

Sarma, G.K., Gupta, S.S., and Bhattacharyya, K.G., 2016, Adsorption of Crystal Violet on Raw and Acid-Treated Montmorillonite, K10, in Aqueous Suspension, J. Environ. Manag., 171, 1-10.

Schwantes, D., Gonçalves Jr., A.C., Casarin, J., Pinheiro, A., Pinheiro, I.G., and Coelho, G.F., 2015, Removal of Cr(III) from Contaminated Water Using Industrial Waste of The Cassava as Natural Adsorbents, African J. Agri. Res., 10(46), 4241-4251.

Schwantes, D., Gonçalves Jr., A.C., Coelho, G.F., Campagnolo, M.A., Dragunski, D.C., Tarley, C.R.T., Miola, A.Jr., and Leismann, E.A.V., 2016, Chemical Modifications of Cassava Peel as Adsorbent Material for Metals Ions from Wastewater, Hindawi J. Chem., 16, 1-15.

Sudaryanto, Y., Hartono, S.B., Irawaty, W., Hindarso, H., and Ismadji, S., 2006, High Surface Area Activated Carbon Prepared from Cassava Peel by Chemical Activation, Biores. Technol., 97, 734–739.

Sun, P., Hui, C., Wang, S., Wan, L., Zhang, X., and Zhao, Y., 2016, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Biofilm as A Novel Biosorbent for Theremoval of Crystal Violet from Solution, Colloid. Surface. B., 139, 164–170.

Tagliaferro G.V., Pereira P.H.F., Rodrigues L.A., and Da Silva M.L.C.P., 2011, Cadmium, lead and silver adsorption in hydrous niobium oxide prepared by homogeneous solution method, Quim. Nova., 34:101-105.

Zhou, Y., Zhang, M., Wang, X., Huang, Q., Min, Y., Ma, T., and Niu, J., 2014, Removal of Crystal Violet by a Novel Cellulose-Based Adsorbent: Comparison with Native Cellulose, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53, 5498-5506.



Article Metrics

Abstract views : 12922 | views : 32581

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


ISSN 0215-9309 (Print)

Jumlah kunjungan : Web Analytics View my Stat.