Paparan pestisida terhadap kejadian penyakit paru obstruktif kronis pada petani di Sumatera Utara

https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.24160

Jernita Sinaga(1*), Nurliyani Nurliyani(2), Yusrizal Djam’an Saleh(3)

(1) Departemen Perilaku Kesehatan, Lingkungan dan Kedokteran Sosial, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Purpose

This study aims to analyze and describe the risk of exposure to pesticides (age, sex, education, smoking habits, length of service, time of spraying, number of pesticides and personal protective equipment) related to the incidence of COPD to farmers in Barus Jahe, Karo District.

Methods

This case control study with a total sample of 90 people, consisting of 45 cases and 45 controls. Samples were taken by simple random sampling. Data analysis was performed using univariable tests, bivariable with Chi-square tests and multivariable with logistic regression.

Results

There was a significant correlation between age, gender, education, employment, personal protective equipment to the incidence of COPD, while there was no significant association between the time of spraying, the amount of pesticides and smoking status with the incidence of COPD. The most influential factors on the incidence of COPD is the working period and personal protective equipment.

Conclusion

Farmers should always use personal protective equipment and appropriate dosage of pesticide as stated on the packaging label. Public health office also can reduce COPD infections with early detection to farmers who exposed to pesticides every day.


Keywords


COPD; pesticides; farmer; sphyrometri



References

  1. Sembel, D.T. Toksikologi Lingkungan. Dampak Pencemaran dari Berbagai Bahan Kimia dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari. Andi, Yogyakarta; 2015.
  2. Subiyakto. Dampak Negatif Penggunaan Pestisida. Jakarta : PT. Intermasa; 1990.
  3. Achmadi, U.F. Dasar-dasar Penyakit Berbasis Lingkungan, Rajawali Press, Jakarta; 2013.
  4. Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Karo, 2011. Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Karo, Kabanjahe
  5. Hernandez AF. Pesticide and ashtma; 2011. http://www.medscape.com. access, 10 November 2016, Yogyakarta
  6. Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Karo. Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Karo, Kabanjahe; 2007.
  7. Murti, B. Struktur Riset, Matrikulasi Program Studi Doktoral, Fakultas Kedokteran UNS. Surakarta; 2011.
  8. PDPI. Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK), Pedoman Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan di Indonesia, Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia, Jakarta; 2003.
  9. Janice dan Rasyid. Laporan Kasus Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK), Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Paru & Kedokteran Respirasi USU, FK USU, Medan – Sumatera Utara; 2010.
  10. IARC. Occupational Expousures Insectisida Application And Some Pesticides, WHO., Geneva; 1991.
  11. Malaka, T. Kesehatan Kerja dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja, Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Dokter Kesehatan Kerja Indonesia, Jakarta; 1994.
  12. Wright, L.F, R.P. Saylor dan F.A. Cecer. Occult Lead Intoxication in Patients with Gout and Kidney Disease. The Journal of rheumatology. Geneva; 1984.
  13. Cochrum, K.C. Biokimia (Review of Physiological Chemistry), dalam Harper, H.A. EGC UI, Jakarta; 1980. Chap. 5, 6, 7, 13, 14.
  14. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. USA, MCR VISION,Inc; 2010.
  15. Irianto, K. Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Public Health), Alfabeta Bandung; 2014.
  16. Nasruddin. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Keracunan Pestisida pada Petani Hortikultura di Sukoharjo Tahun 2001. Tesis Pascasarjana Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakart; 2001.
  17. Khader, A. Systemic Effect in COPD. J. Pulmon. 2007;9(1): 1-3, Jakarta.
  18. Syamsiah, A dan Yusnus, F. Pemeriksaan Spirometri Collins, J. Respir Indo. 1997;17 :45 – 51, Jakarta
  19. Soemitrat, J. Epidemiologi Lingkungan, Edisi ketiga, Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta; 2015.
  20. Priyanto Toksikologi Mekanisme, Terapi, Antidotum, dan Penilaian Risiko, Leskonfi, Depok. 2010.
  21. ATSDR. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for DDT, DDE, and DDD. Prepared by Syracuse Research Corporation Under Contract Number 205-1999-00024 for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; 2002.
  22. Fishel, Personal Protective Equipment for Working With Pesticides, University of Missouri-Colombia; 2010.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.24160

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4846 | views : 4000

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2017 Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ISSN 0215-1936 (PRINT), ISSN: 2614-8412 (ONLINE).

Indexed by:

 

Web Analytics Visitor Counter