Peran reseptor glutamat NMDA terhadap kejang pada stroke iskemik akut: scoping review
https://doi.org/10.22146/bns.v20i2.105955 Budi Cahyono(1*), Ismail Setyopranoto(2), Amelia Nur Vidyanti(3)
(1) SMF Saraf RSUD Purworejo, Jawa Tengah
(2) Departemen Neurologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Neurologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a medical condition frequently accompanied by seizure as its complication, which may affect the patient's prognosis. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors play an important role in the excitotoxicity process that causes neuronal cell damage following ischemia. Overactivation of NMDA receptor contributes to increased intracellular calcium level leading to neuronal damage and potential seizure occurrence. Recent studies have shown that NMDA receptors not only mediate neuronal damage, but also play a role in the mechanism of post-stroke epileptogenesis. This scoping review aims to explore the mechanism of NMDA receptors in the occurrence of seizures in acute ischemic stroke, as well as the potential of NMDA receptor antagonists as anticonvulsant therapy.
ABSTRAK
Stroke iskemik akut merupakan kondisi medis yang sering kali disertai dengan komplikasi kejang, yang dapat mempengaruhi prognosis pasien. Reseptor glutamat N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) memainkan peran penting dalam proses eksitotoksisitas yang menyebabkan kerusakan sel saraf setelah iskemia. Aktivasi berlebihan reseptor NMDA berkontribusi pada peningkatan kadar kalsium intraseluler yang menyebabkan kerusakan neuron dan potensi terjadinya kejang. Penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa reseptor NMDA tidak hanya memediasi kerusakan saraf, tetapi juga berperan dalam mekanisme epileptogenesis pascastroke. Scoping review ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme reseptor NMDA dalam kejadian kejang pada stroke iskemik akut, serta potensi antagonis reseptor NMDA sebagai terapi antikonvulsan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bns.v20i2.105955
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