Tema-tema Pengalaman Perjumpaan Antarbudaya Mahasiswa Perantauan sebagai Bahan Perancangan Psikoedukasi Keterampilan Budaya
Abstract
Mahasiswa perantauan pada umumnya mengalami gegar budaya saat berpindah dari daerah asalnya ke daerah tempat kuliah. Perancangan intervensi yang membantu mahasiswa perantauan dalam mengatasi gegar budaya perlu didasarkan pada pengalaman nyata yang relevan bagi mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengalaman perjumpaan antarbudaya mahasiswa residen asrama salah satu universitas swasta di Yogyakarta. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori akulturasi/gegar budaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif, yaitu analisis tematik. Sebanyak 57 mahasiswa residen asrama berpartisipasi. Pemilihan partisipan menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Data diperoleh dengan diskusi kelompok terarah (FGD). Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis tematik, dibantu dengan perangkat lunak QDA Miner Lite. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan enam tema pokok, yaitu: 1) idealisme, 2) makanan, 3) kondisi geografis, 4) pemahaman bahasa dan keterampilan komunikasi, 5) stereotip, dan 6) jejaring sosial. Perspektif psikologi akulturasi (gegar budaya), psikologi sosial afirmasi diri dan ancaman stereotip, peminggiran budaya, dan keterampilan komunikasi antarbudaya digunakan dalam membahas temuan. Implikasinya adalah perancangan psikoedukasi dan kebijakan perlu mempertimbangkan keenam tema tersebut beserta diskusi yang menyertainya.
Keywords
DOI: 10.22146/gamajop.58657
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