* Corresponding Author
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Urban Crime Pattern and its Implication for Abuja Municipal Area Council, Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.15341 Taiye Oluwafemi Adewuyi(1*), Patrick Ali Eneji(2), Anthonia Silas Baduku(3), Emmanuel Ajayi Olofin(4)
(1) Nigerian Defence Academy
(2) Department of State Security, Abuja
(3) Department of Sociology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna.
(4) Department of Geography, Bayero University, Kano
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This study examined the spatio-temporal analysis of urban crime pattern and its implication for Abuja Municipal Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria; it has the aim of using Geographical Information System to improve criminal justice system. The aim was achieved by establishing crime incident spots, types of crime committed, the time it occurred and factors responsible for prevailing crime. The methods for data collection involved Geoinformatics through the use of remote sensing and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for spatial data. Questionnaires were administered for other attribute information required. The analysis carried out in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment especially for mapping and the establishment of spatial patterns. The results indicated that the main types of crime committed were theft and house breaking (42.9%), followed by assault (12.4%), mischief (11.3%), forgery (10.5%), car snatching (9.05%), armed robbery (8.5%), trespass (5.2%) and culpable homicide (0.2%). In terms of hot spots the districts recorded the following: Garki (27.62%), Maitama (25.7%), Utako (24.3%), Wuse (20.9%) and Asokoro district (1.4%) respectively with most of the crime committed during the day time. Many attributed the crimes to mainly high rate of unemployment and poverty (79.1%). Consequently to reduce the crime rate, the socio-economic situation of the city must be improved through properly constructed interventions scheme in areas known to quickly generate employment such as agriculture, small and medium scale enterprises, mining and tourism.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ackerman W.V., and Murray A.T. (2004) Assessing spatial patterns of crime in Lima, Ohio cities, Vol. 21, NO. 5, Pp. 423-437.
Adakayi, P.E. (2000). Climate. In: Dawam, P.D (ed.) Geography of Abuja, Federal Capital Territory. Famous Asanlu publishing, Abuja.
Barkan, S.E (2016) Social problem: continuity and change, V.I.O, Flat World Education, Inc.Danbazau, A.B. (1999). Criminology and Criminal Justice, 1st ed, Ibadan Nigeria Spectrum Books Limited.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (2011) Crime in the United States, 2010. Washington, D.C.
Klepper, D. (2012). RI Gov., mayors say state must help cities now. The Boston Globe. Retrieved from http://www.boston.com/news/local/rhode_island/articles/2016/06/30/ri_gov_mayors_say_state_must_help_cities_now.
Knauss, T. (2012). Former Lt. Gov. Richard Ravitch to advise Syracuse on finances, Mayor Stephanie Miner says. The Post-Standard. Retrieved from http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2016/06/30former_lt_gov_richard_ravitch.html.
Lee, B. A., Tyler, K. A., & Wright, J. D. (2010). The new homelessness revisited. Annual Review of Sociology, 36, 501–521.
Lederbogen, F., Kirsch, P., Haddad, L., Streit, F., Tost, H., Schuch, P., et al. (2011). City living and urban upbringing affect neural social stress processing in humans. Nature, 474(7352), 498–501.
Ludwig, J., Sanbonmatsu, L., Gennetian, L., Adam, E., Duncan, G. J., Katz, L. F., et al. (2011). Neighbourhoods, obesity, and diabetes—a randomized social experiment. New England Journal of Medicine, 365(16), 1509–1519.
Massey, D. S., & Denton, N. A. (1993). American apartheid: Segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
McNichol, D. A. (2009). Revenue loss putting cities in fiscal vise. New York Times, p. NJ1.
Oosting, J. (2012). Rep. Hansen Clarke talks with president on Air Force One, seeks emergency aid for Detroit. Mlive.com. Retrieved from http://www.mlive.com/news/detroit/index.ssf/2016/06/rep_hansen_clarke_talks_with_p.html.
Ratcliffe, J.H. & McCullagh, MJ (1998) The perception of crime hotspots: A spatial stud y in Nottingham, UK. In: Crime Mapping Case Studies: Successes in the Field (1998) LaVigne, Nancy and Wartell, Julie (Eds.), Chapter 6, PERF/Crime Mapping Research Center, Washington DC.
Regoeczi, W. C. (2008). Crowding in context: An examination of the differential responses of men and women to high-density living environments. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 49, 254–268. US Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2012). Affordable housing. Retrieved June 30, 2016, from: http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/affordablehousing.
Reno, J. (1999) in Nelson Lew (1999). Crime Mapping and ESRI. Police Foundation, Washington DC. http/www.arcdata.cz/publikace/knihovna (Accessed on 30/06/2016).
Rosenthal, E. (2011, June 27). Across Europe, irking drivers is urban policy. New York Times, A1.
Saddler, D. (1999) Why Map Crime mapping Research Centre, National Institute of Justice, U.S Department of Justice, WASHINGTON DC http:// www.Ojp.usdoj.govcmrc, 30th June, 2016. Stobbe, M. (2011). Decade-long study links living in low-income neighbourhoods to poor health. The Boston Globe, p. A15.
Stylianou, M., & Nicolich, M. J. (2009). Cumulative effects and threshold levels in air pollution Mortality: Data analysis of nine large US cities using the NMMAPS dataset. Environmental Pollution, 157, 2216–2213.
United Nations (2008) Demographic yearbook 2005, New York, United States, 764pp
Weeks, J.R. (2010) Defining urban areas in T. Rashed and C. Jurgens (eds) Remote sensing of urban and suburban areas. Remote sensing and digital image processing10. Springer Science + Business Media B.V. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-4385-7-3, Pg 33-45.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.15341
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 4467
| 
views : 2859
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Indonesian Journal of Geography
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 225/E/KPT/2022, Vol 54 No 1 the Year 2022 - Vol 58 No 2 the Year 2026 (accreditation certificate download)
ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)