Genetic Diversity of Bali cattle from several locations in Indonesia Based on Mitochondrial DNA-Cytochrome b gene

Abstract

Bali cattle are Indonesian local beef cattle as one of beef cattle gene pool in South East Asia now becoming important in supplying the national beef cattle needs in Indonesia. Bali cattle now distributed through out of Indonesia. Their genetic characteristics therefore can be evaluated for their genetic variability through cytochrome-b gene study. This study was designed to evaluate genetic diversity and genetic relationship of within species or population Bali cattle from several locations of Indonesia based on maternal line of cytochrome-b gene. Amount of 11 samples consisted of 10 Bali cattle (2 Mataram, NTB; 2 NusaPenida, Bali; 2 Bima, NTB; 2 Riau; 2 South Kalimantan) and 1 Banteng from Prigen Malang were applied in this study. A PCR method was conducted to amplify the cytochrome-b gene then sequenced. A cytochrome-b gene fragment of 1,243bp was amplified at 51oC annealing with 35 cycles. The Cytocrom-b sequence was used for phylogenetic tree analysis (neighbor-joining: bootstrap 1,000; MEGA 5.0). The result showed that all Bali cattle samples from Riau, South Kalimantan, Bima NTB, Mataram NTB and Nusa Penida Bali were in the same group of Banteng and Bos javanicus. However, the finding was different when Bison bison was compared to them which the Bison bison clustered itself group. This early finding can be used either for conservation decision or future breeding of Bali cattle.