In vitro evaluation of phytogenic potential of seed from mango (Mangifera indica), moringa (Moringa oleifera) and sweet apple (Annona squamosa) for poultry

Abstract

A series in vitro works have been conducted to evaluate phytogenic potential of three seeds from tropical plants for poultry production. Local variety of mango (Mangifera indica), moringa (Moringa oleifera) and sweet apple (Annona squamosa) were locally collected from plantation. All types of seeds were dried and ground for further extraction process using organic solvent of methanol. Bioactive compounds from seed extraction process are phenol, tannin and fatty acid of solid crude fat. In vitro evaluation was carried out through evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidants activity. The analysis methods were diffusion agar method and DPPH assay for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity respectively. The results indicated that methanol extraction from three types of seed have an antioxidant activity. Its activity tends to increase with increase in concentration of extract materials in the solution. Mean values of antioxidant activity were 17,75, 85.28 and 91.61% for moringa, sweet-apple and mango seed respectively. Extracted materials of mango and moringa seeds had antimicrobial activity on the tested bacteria of Escherichia coli, however, moringa seed did not produce an antimicrobial activity on Salmonella typhi as mango seed kernel did. Additionally, seeds from sweet apple had no antimicrobial activity on both Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi bacteria. In conclusion, extract materials of mango and moringa seed in methanol had an antioxidant and an antimicrobial activity. Sweet apple seed is, however, only had an
antioxidant activity.