Optimasi Regenerasi Kalus Embriogenik Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Melalui Kultur Suspensi Sel Menggunakan BAP (Benzyl Amino Purin)

https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.100708

Didik Pudji Restanto(1*), Mohammad Candra Prayoga(2), Izna Arsyika(3), Veronenci Yuliarbi Farlisa(4), Popy Hartatie Hardjo(5)

(1) Program Studi Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember
(2) Program Studi Magister Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember
(3) Program Studi Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember
(4) Program Studi Magister Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember
(5) Fakultas Teknobiologi Universitas Surabaya
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Porang Amorphophallus muelleri Blume merupakan tanaman umbi-umbian yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan kosmetik dan diekspor untuk bahan baku industri. Perbanyakan porang secara konvensional mengalami masa dormansi. Perbanyakan porang melalui kultur jaringan dapat menghasilkan bibit yang cepat dan dalam jumlah yang banyak. Kultur jaringan porang dapat melalui somatik embriogenesis melalui pembentukan kalus dan poliferasi kalus dengan kultur suspensi sel. Optimasi regenerasi kalus hasil poliferasi kultur suspensi sel sangat penting untuk menunjang keberhasilan perbanyakan porang secara masal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi BAP terhadap regenerasi kalus embriogenik porang Amorphophallus muelleri B. hasil kultur suspensi. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan faktor konsentrasi BAP yang terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan antara lain 1 mg.L-1, 2 mg.L-1, 3 mg.L-1, dan 4 mg.L-1. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 ulangan. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut dengan DMRT pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Analisis data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS statistics versi 26. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perlakuan BAP 1 mg.L-1menunjukkan hasil terbaik dengan parameter kedinian munculnya tunas tercepat 45 hst, tunas terpanjang 7.6 cm, jumlah tunas terbanyak 7,33 tunas, dan persentase regenerasi 93,33%. Berdasarkan pengamatan histologi, kalus embriogenik berkembang menghasilkan mature embrio yang lebih banyak sehingga dapat menginduksi tunas yang banyak.

Keywords


BAP; histologi; kalus; porang; regenerasi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.100708

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