* Corresponding Author
PERBEDAAN DAYA TAHAN NON SPESIFIK LIMA SPESIES IKAN AIR TAWAR TERHADAP INFEKSI Aeromonashydrophila
https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.9031 H. Syakuri(1*), Triyanto Triyanto(2), K. H. Nitimulyo(3)
(1) Universitas Jenderal Sudirman
(2) Jurusan Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian UGM
(3) Jurusan Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian UGM
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Fish naturally has a non-specific defense against several pathogens. The non-specific defense is anatomical and physiological function that varies according to genetical and environmental factor. The differences of non-specific defense against Aeromonas hydrophila infection were studied in blackfinpacu (Colossoma macropomum), gourami (Osphronemus goramy), common crap (Cyprinus carpio), African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), and red nile tilapia (Orochromis sp.). This study also examined the differences on several parameters of non-specific defense, including differentiation anc number of leucocytes, serum total, titer of antibody, and antibacterial activity of skin mucus.
The fishes were intramuscularly infected at the media lethal doses for common carp (7,4 x 108cfu/fish). Pathological changes, survival rate, and mean time to death were observed every day. The observation of non-specific defense parameters were carried out prior and at seven day after infection.
The results showed thahblackfinpacu was the most resistant species against A. hydrophila infection. African catfish and red nile tilapia were most resistant than gourami and common carp. The antibody titer and percentage of thrombocytes were the causative factor for the difference of the resistence against A. hydrophila. The five fish species also showed differences on leucocytes number, monocytes and eosinophiles percentage, and serum total, but they did not showed the differences of neutrophile percentage. The skin mucus of all fish species did not exhibited antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila. This study also found increase in antibody titer and leucocytes number after A. hydrophila infection.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anderson, D.P. 1974. Fish immunology. diseases of fish 4th edition. Snieszko, S.F. dan H.R. Axelrod (Eds.) T.F.H. Publications. Ltd. 239 hal.
Anonim. 1997. Petunjuk praktikum pelatihan karantina ikan golongan bakteri. Jurusan Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian UGM. Yogyakarta. 45 hal.
Bastiawan, D., Taukhid, M. Alifuddin, dan S. Nuryati. 1995. Uji resistensi berbagai jenis ikan budidaya: lele dumbo, Clarias gariepinus; gurami, Osphronemusgoramy; mas, Cyprinus carpio; dan nila, Orochromis niloticus terhadap infeksi cendawan Aphanomyces sp. J. Penel. Perik. Indonesia I (2): 122-130.
Boyd, C.E. 1979. Water quality in warm water fish ponds. Auburn University. Alabama. 359 hal.
Bell, T.A., dan D.V. Lightner. 1984. IHHN virus : Onfectivity and pathorgenicity studies in Penaeus stylirostris and Penaeus vannamei. Aquaculture 38: 185-194.
Britz, J., J.G. Vans As, dan J.E. Saayman. 1985. Occurrence and distribution of Clinostomum tilapiae and Euclinostomum heterostomum metacercarial infection of freshwater fish in Venda and Labowa, Southern Africa. j. Fish Biol. 26: 21-28.
Brown, E.E., dan J.B. Gratzek. 1980. Fish farming handbook. Avi Publishing Company, Inc 391 hal.
Ellis, E.A. 1988. General principles of fish vaccination dalam Fish vaccination. A.E. Ellis (Eds.). Academic Press Limited. San Diego-USA. 255 hal.
Gomez, K.A. and A.A. Gomez. 1995. Prosedur statistik untuk penelitian pertanian. Diterjemahkan oleh E. Samsuddin dan J.S. Baharsyah. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta. 698 hal.
Haripoernomo, R. (1986). Ketahanan ikan majalaya, sinyonya dan hybridanya terhadap serangan atau infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Diklat ahli usaha perikanan. Jakarta. 37 hal.
Hazen, T.C., C.B.Fliermans, R.P. Hirsch., and G.W. Esch. 1978. Prevalance and distribution Aeromonas hydrophila in the united states. Applied. Environ. Microbocol. 36: 731-738.
Hjelmeland, K, M. Cghristie dan J. Raa. 1983. Skin mucus protease from rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri and its biological significancy. J. Fish. Biol. 23: 13-22.
Ingram, G.A. 1980. Substances involved in the natural resistance of fish to infection – A Review. J. Fish. Biol. 16: 23-60.
Jutono, J. Soedarsono, S. Hartadi, S. Kabirun, Suhadi, D., dansoesanto. 1980. Pedomanpraktikum mikorbiologiumum. DepartemenMikrobiologiFakultasPertanian UGM. Yogyakarta. 181 hal.
Kawai, K., R. Kusuda. 1981. Mechanism of protection in ayu orally vaccinated for vibriosis Fish Pathol.15: 257-262.
Kawai, K., dan R. Kusuda. 1981. Mechanism of protection in ayu orally vaccinated for vibriosis - I. protection activity in body surface mucus. Abstr. Fish. Pathol. 16: 1.
Kennedy-Stoskopf, S. 1993. Immunology. Dalam Fish medicine. M.K. Stoskopf. WB. Saunders Company. Philadelphia. 149-159.
Klontz, G.W. 1994. Fish hematology. DalamTechniques in fish immunology 3. J.S Stolen, T.C. Fletcher, A.F. Rowley, J.T. Zelikoff, S.L. Kaattari, S.A. Smith (Eds.). SOS Publication. 121-131.
Liobrera, A. T., dan R. Q. Gacutan. 1987. Aeromonas hydrophila associated with ulcerative disease epizootic in Laguna de Bay, Phillipines, Aquaculture. 237-278.
Leblanc, D., K.R. Mittal, G.Olivier, dan R. Lallier. 1981. Grouping of motile aeromonasspesies isolated from healthy and moribund fish. Appiled. Environ. Microbol. 42: 56-60.
Madhavi, R. 1981. Comparison on the parasitics fauna of Aplocheitupanchax and A. melastigma. J. Fish Biol. 17: 349-358.
Post, G. 1983. Textbook of fish health. TFH Publications. Inc. Ltd. 256 hal.
Roberson, B.S. 1980. Bacterial aglutination Dalam Techniques in fish immunology 1. J.S. Stolen, T.C. Fletcher, D.P. Anderson, B.S. Roberson, W.B. Van Muiswinkel. (Eds.). SOS Publication. 81-86.
Roberson, B.S. 1993. Motile aeromonas septicemia Dalam Bacterial disease of fish. Inglis, V., R.J. Roberts and N.R. Bromage (Ed.) Blackwell Scientific Publication. 312 hal.
Sarono, A. K.H. Nitimulyo, I.Y.B. Lelono, Widodo, N. Thaib, E.B.S. Haryani, S. Haryanto, Triyanto, Ustadi, A.N. Kusumahati, W. Novianti, S. Wardani, Setianingsih. 1993. Hama dan penyakit ikan karantina golongan bakteri. Kerjasama Pusat Karantina Pertanian dengan Fakultas Pertanian Jurusan Perikanan UGM. Yogyakarta. 91 hal.
Schaperclaus, W. 1992. Fish diseases. Vol. I. Ed. W. Schaperclaus, H. Kulow, K. Schreckenbach. A.A. Balkema. Rotterdam. 596 hal.
Sindermann, C.J. 1997. Disease diagnosis and control in north American marine aquaculture. Elsevier Scientific Publishing. 329 hal.
Smith, L.S. 1982. Introduction to fish physiology. TFH Publication. 352 hal.
Subasinghe, R.P. dan C. Sommerviller 1988. No antibacterial properties found in buccal and skin mucus of the mouth brooding cichlid Oreochromis mosambicus. Asian Fish Sci. 2: 109-113.
Supriyadi, H. Mangunwiryo, Maryono, dan J. Effendi. 1995. Pencegahan penyakit bakterial pada ikan gurami dengan cara vaksinasi. J. Penel. Perik. Indonesia. I (4): 28-35.
Supriyadi, O. Komaruddin, P. Taufik, Z. Jangkarudan S. Asih. 1998. atan daya tetas telur dan sintasan larva nila(Oreochromis niloticus)dengan menggunakan obat-obatan. J. Penel. Perik. Indonesia. IV (2): 8-12.
Ventura, M.T. dan J.M. Grizzle. 1987. Evaluation of portals of entry of Aeromonas hydrophilain chanel catfish. Aquaculture 65: 205-214.
Wechsler, S.J. 1984. Fish health assessment. A preliminary report on the use of impression smears of skin mucus. J. Fish Biol. 125: 365-370.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.9031
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1779
| 
views : 1814
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of Fisheries Sciences
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada (print ISSN 0853-6384; online ISSN 2502-5066) is published by Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with Semnaskan UGM (Seminar Nasional Tahunan Hasil Perikanan dan Kelautan) and ISMFR (International Symposium on Marine and Fisheries Research).
View My Stats