Peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis dan produksi nitrit oksida pada makrofag peritoneum tikus Sprague Dawley yang diberi Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 dan ekstrak serat ubi jalar

Lily Arsanti Lestari; Marsetyawan Heparis Nur Ekandaru Soesatyo; Susi Iravati; Eni Harmayani

doi:10.22146/ijcn.15381

Peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis dan produksi nitrit oksida pada makrofag peritoneum tikus Sprague Dawley yang diberi Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 dan ekstrak serat ubi jalar

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.15381

Lily Arsanti Lestari^(1*), Marsetyawan Heparis Nur Ekandaru Soesatyo⁽²⁾, Susi Iravati⁽³⁾, Eni Harmayani⁽⁴⁾

(1) Program Studi Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada;
(2) Bagian Histologi dan Biologi Sel, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Bagian Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Jurusan Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Background: Macrophages play an important role as part of the innate immune response in the gut and they represent one of the first lines of nonspecific defense against bacterial invasion. Previous studies indicated that probiotics and prebiotics may act as an immunomodulator agents. Nevertheless, research on the immunomodulatory effect of local materials has never been performed.

Objective: To study the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 and sweet potato fiber on the activity and Nitric Oxide (NO) production of peritoneal macrophages of Sprague Dawley rats.

Method: Ninety six Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were divided into two groups; A (not infected with Salmonella typhimurium) and B (infected with S. typhimurium). Each group was divided into 4 subgroups and assigned to standard AIN-93M diet (KON), 10⁹ CFU/ml of L. plantarum Mut7 (PRO), modified AIN-93M diet with sweet potato fiber (PRE), and both component (SIN). After 3 weeks of treatment, 6 rats of each subgroup were sacrificed and the peritoneal macrophages were isolated and analysed for its activity and NO production. The rest of the rats continued the treatments for another 2 weeks. At the end of the experiment, they were sacrificed and the peritoneal macrophage were isolated and analysed for its activity and NO production.

Results: Oral administration of L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both improve phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage which was indicated by an increase in the percentage of macrophages that phagocyte latex particles (p<0.05) and an increase in the number of latex particles engulfed by macrophages either after 3 or 5 weeks of treatment (p<0.05). Oral administration of L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both were unable to increase the nitric oxide production after 3 weeks of treatment (p>0.05), but after 5 weeks of treatment the production of NO was significantly increased (p<0.05).

Conclusion: L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both increase the non specific immune response as they could improve the activity and NO production of peritoneal macrophages.

Keywords

L. plantarum Mut7; sweet potato fiber; peritoneal macrophage; nitric oxide

Full Text:

PDF

References

Anonim. Peraturan kepala badan pengawasan obat dan makanan No. 00.05.52.0685 tentang ketentuan pokok pengawasan pangan fungsional. [serial online] 2005 [cited 2012 Jan 5]. Available from: URL: http.//www.pom.go.id/public/hukum_perundangan/pdf/SK%20PanFUNGSI%20.pdf

Lestari LA, Soesatyo MHNE, Iravati S, Harmayani E. Karakteristik ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas) varietas bestak sebagai sumber prebiotik lokal. Simposium Gizi Nasional; 2011 Okt 15; Yogyakarta.

Lee YK, Salminen S. Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2009.

Zhu J, Zhao L, Guo H, Jiang L, Ren F. Immunomodulatory effects of novel Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains on murine macrophage cells. Af J Microbiol Res 2011;5(1):8-15.

Hatcher GE, Lambrecht RS. Augmentation of macrophage phagocytic activity by cell-free extracts of selected lactic acid-producing bacteria. J Dairy Sci 1993;76(9):2485-92.

Tejada-Simon MV, Pestka JJ. Proinflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide induction in murine macrophage by cell wall and cytoplasmic extracts of lactic acid bacteria. J Food Prot 1999;62(12):1435-44.

Kim DW, Cho SB, Yun CH, Jeong HY, Chung WT, Choi CW, Lee HJ, Nam IS, Suh GH, Lee SS, Lee BS. Induction of cytokines and nitric oxide in murine macrophages stimulated with enzymatically digested Lactobacillus strains. J Microbiol 2007;45(5):373-8.

Lin WH, Wu CR, Fang TJ, Lee MS, Lin KL, Chen HC, Huang SY, Hseu YC. Adherent properties and macrophage activation ability of 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria. J Food Sci 2007;76(1):M1-7.

Kawashima T, Hayashi K, Kosaka A, Kawashima M, Igarashi T, Tsutsui H, Tsuji NM, Nishimura I, Hayashi T, Obata A. Lactobacillus plantarum strain YU from fermented foods activates Th1 and protective immune responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2011;11(12):2017-24.

Kang SS, Ryu YH, Baik JE, Yun CH, Lee K, Chung DK, Han SH. Lipoteichoic acid from Lactobacillus plantarum induces nitric oxide production in the presence of interferon-γ in murine macrophages. Mol Immunol 2011;48(15-16):2170-7.

Seifert S, Watzl B. Inulin and oligofructose: review of experimental data on immune modulation. J Nutr 2007;137(11):2563S-7S.

Nagendra R, Venkat Rao S. Effect of feeding infant dietary fibres, prebiotics and immune functions formulations containing bifidus factors on in vivo proliferation of bifidobacteria and stimulation of intraperitoneal macrophage activity in rats. J Nutr Imm 1994;2:61-68.

Gaskins HR, Mackie RI, May T, Garleb KA. Dietary fructo-oligosaccharide modulates large intestinal inflammatory responses to Clostridium difficile in antibiotic-compromised mice. Microb Ecol Health Dis 1996;9(4):157–66.

Seifert S, Watzl B. Prebiotics and the immune system: review of experimental and human data. In: Handbook of prebiotics. Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB, editors. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2009.

Reeves PG, Nielssen FH, Fahey GC. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nut 1993;123(11):1939-51.

Dell RB, Holleran S, Ramakrishnan R. Sample size determination. ILAR J 2002;43(4):207-13.

Kusumawati ID, Harmayani E, Asmara W. Pengaruh probiotik Lactobacillus spp. Dad13 terhadap sistem imun humoral mencit Balb/c yang diinfeksi Salmonella typhimurium [Tesis]. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Bioteknologi UGM; 2006.

Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N] nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 1982;126(1):131-8.

Ouwehand AC, Kirjavainen PV, Shortt C, Salminen S. Probiotics: mechanisms and established effects. Internat Dairy J 1999;9(1):43-52.

Baratawdjaya KG, Rengganis I. Imunologi dasar. Edisi ke-8. Jakarta: FK UI; 2009.

MacDonald TT, Gordon JN. Bacterial regulation of intestinal immune responses. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2005;34(3):401-12.

O’Flaherty S, Saulnier DM, Pot B, Versalovic J. How can probiotics and prebiotics impact mucosal immunity?. Gut Microbes 2010;1(5):293-300.

Borchers AT, Selmi C, Meyers FJ, Keen CL, Gershwin E. Probiotic and immunity. J Gastroenterol 2009;44(1):26-46.

Billack B. Macrophage activation: role of toll-like receptors, nitric oxide, and nuclear factor kappa B. Am J Pharmaceutical Edu 2006;70(5):1-10.

Zhang P, Wampler JL, Bhunia AK, Burkholder KM, Patterson JA, Whistler RL. Effect of arabinoxylans on activation of murine macrophages and growth performance of broiler chicks. AACC 2004;81(4):511-4.

Beutler B. Innate immunity: an overview. Mol Immunol 2004;40(12):845-59.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.15381