The effect of Sea urchin (Diadema setosum) gonad extract on IgM and IgG antibodies production in BALB/c mice infected by Salmonella typhi

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.26834

Wa Ode Salma(1*), Ilyas Yusuf(2), Marni Karo(3), La Banudi(4)

(1) Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Halu Oleo University
(2) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Halu Oleo University / Department of Immunoserology of Health Analysis, Kendari
(3) Midwifery Program of Medistra Health Higher School
(4) Department of Nutrition, Health Polytechnic Kendari
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Salmonella typhi infection decreases of the immune system and influences the adaptive antibodies among malnourished children. The gonad of Diadema setosum (D. setosum) is one of food sources from marine biota that contains high-quality nutrients and potentially can be used as a dietary supplement for typhoid fever condition.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of gonad D. setosum extract on the production of antibody IgM and IgG in an animal model.

Method: This experimental study was used BALB/c mice before and after infected Salmonella typhi through intraperitoneally at 0.2 mL x the unit 103 CFU/mL. The level of IgM and IgG production was measured by Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Experimental animals were divided into 2 groups. The control group was only fed with standard diets, while at the intervention group received the extract of D. setosum gonad in two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight).

Results: Production of IgM antibodies in the control group significantly increased twofold (p=0.001) whereas the intervention group received the extracts of D. setosum gonad (200 mg/kg body weight) could suppress the increase in IgM antibody production and indicate the highest increase of IgG antibody significantly (p<0.05) at day 7.

Conclusion: The gonad of Diadema setosum extracts (200 mg/kg body weight) could suppress the increase in IgM antibody productions and indicate the highest increase of IgG antibody titers in mice infected with Salmonella typhi. The role of anti-microbial substances of the gonad of Diadema setosum, is potential to be utilized as dietary supplement to increase body immune system among patients infected by Salmonella typhi.


Keywords


Diadema setosum; gonad; IgM and IgG antibodies; Salmonella typhi

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Hatta M, Andi RS, Rob P, Henk LS. New flagellin gene for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi from the East Indonesian archipelago. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011;84(3):429-34.
  2. Leon RO, Camilo JA, Carolina MDH, Dong B, Sujit KB, Magdarina DA, et al. A study of typhoid fever in five Asian countries: disease burden and implications for controls. Bull World Health Organ 2008;86:260-8.
  3. Karkey A, Thompson CN, Thieu NTV, Dongol S, Phuong TLT, Vinh PV, et al. Differential epidemiology of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal: a matched case control investigation in a highly endemic enteric fever setting. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013;7(8):e2391.
  4. Charles RC, Sultana T, Alam MM, Yu Y, Wu FY, Bufano MK, et al. Identification of immunogenic Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi antigens expressed in chronic biliary carriers of S. Typhi in Kathmandu, Nepal. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013;7(8):e2335.
  5. Crump JA, Mintz ED. Global trends in typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:241-6.
  6. Mora JR, Iwata M, Von Andrian UH. Vitamin effects on the immune system: vitamins A and D take centre stage. Nat Rev Immunol 2008;8:685-98.
  7. Wintergerst ES, Maggini, Hornig DH. Contribution of selected vitamins and trace elements to immune function. Ann Nutr Metab 2007;51:301-23.
  8. Abbas AK, Licthman AH, Pillai S. Cellular and molecular immunology. Eighth Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2015.
  9. Liang L, Juarez S, Nga TV, Dunstan S, Nakajima SR, Davies DH, et al. Immune profiling with a Salmonella Typhi antigen microarray identifies new diagnostic biomarkers of human typhoid. Sci Rep 2013;3:1043.
  10. Rytter MJH, Kolte L, Briend A, Friis H, Christensen BV. The immune system in children with malnutrition-a systematic review. PLoS One 2014;9:e105017.
  11. Salma WO, Wahyuni S, Yusuf I, Yasir-Haya LM, Irawan Y, As´ad S. Immune nutrient content of Sea urchin (Diadema setosum) gonads. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences 2016;5(5):330-6.
  12. Chen G, Xiang WZ, Lau CC, Peng J, Qiu JW, Chen F, et al. Comparative analysis of lipid and carotenoid composition of the gonads of Anthocidaris crassispina, Diadema setosum and Salmacis sphaeroides. Food Che 2010;120:973-7.
  13. Salma WO, Hafizah I, Nurtamin T, Haya LOMY, As´ad S. The potential gonad of Diadema setosum as a healthy food to improve the nutritional status of coastal´s children. Int J Sci Basic Appl Research 2016;27(2):189-95.
  14. Crump EK, Langston PK, Rajkarnikar S, Grayson MJ. Antioxidant treatment regulates the humoral immune response during acute viral infection. J Virol 2013;87(5):2577-86.
  15. Patel S, Faraj Y, Duso KD, Reiley WW, Karlsson AE, Cherry SS, et al. Comparative safety and efficacy profile of a novel oil in water vaccine adjuvant comprising vitamins A and E and a catechin in protective anti-influenza immunity. Nutrients 2017;9(5):E516.
  16. Ross AC. Vitamin A and retinoic acid in T cell–related immunity. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96:1166S-72S.
  17. Tan L, Wray AE, Ross AC. Oral vitamin A and retinoic acid supplementation stimulates antibody production and splenic Stra6 expression in tetanus toxoid–immunized mice. J Nutr 2012;142(8):1590-5
  18. Wu D, Meydani SN. Age-associated changes in immune and inflammatory responses: impact of vitamin E intervention. J Leukoc Biol 2008;84:900-14.
  19. Tanaka J, Fujiwara H, Tonsu M. Vitamin E and immune response: I. Enhancement of helper T cell activity by dietary supplementation of vitamin E in mice. Immunology 1979;38(4):727-34.
  20. Delianis P, Ana A, Indriatmoko, Sri S, Dwi H. The potency of sea urchin (Diadema setosum) gonad on brain cells of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics 2016;10(2):100-7.
  21. Mozaffarian D, Wu JH. (n-3) fatty acids and cardiovascular health: are effects of EPA and DHA shared or complementary ?. J Nutr 2012;142(3):614S–25S.
  22. Molfino A, Gioia G, Fanelli FR, Muscaritoli M. The role for dietary omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in older adults. J Nutr 2014;6(10):4058-72.
  23. Tao L. Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and its impact on food quality and human health. Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J 2015;1(6):135-42.
  24. Jim M, Stewart TA. Essestials of human nutrition, fourth edition. USA: Oxford University Press; 2012.
  25. Sari DK, Marliyati SA, Kustiyah L, Khomsan A. Role of biscuits enriched with albumin protein from snakehead fish, zinc and iron on immune response of under five children. Pak J Nutr 2014;13(1):28-32.
  26. Kawaguchi R, Zhong M, Kassai M, Ter-Stepanian M, Sun H. Vitamin A transport mechanism of the multitransmembrane cell-surface receptor STRA6. Membranes 2015;5(3):425-53.
  27. Bono MR, Tejon G, Flores-Santibañez F, Fernandez D, Rosemblatt M, Sauma D. Retinoic acid as a modulator of T cell immunity. Nutrients 2016;8(6):E349.
  28. Gunn JS, Marshall JM, Baker S, Dongol S, Charles RC, Ryan ET. Salmonella chonic carriage: epidemiology diagnosis, and gallbladder persistence. Trends Microbiol 2014;22(11):648-55.
  29. Merrell DS, Falkow S. Frontal and stealth attack strategies in microbial pathogenesis. Nature 2004;430:250-6.
  30. Anurag A, Ramanuj R, Pramod PR, Krishna DM, Birendra PG. Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of ELISA against Widal test for typhoid diagnosis in endemic population of Kathmandu. BMC Infect Dis 2015;15:523.
  31. Abbas AK, Licthman AH, Pillai S. Cellular and molecular immunology, 7th Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.
  32. Schroder K, Hertzog PJ, Ravasi T, Hume DA. Interferon gamma: an overview of signals mechanism and functions. J Leukoc Biol 2004;75(2):163-89.
  33. Meulenbroek AJ. Human IgG subclasses: useful diagnostic markers for immunocompetence, Third Edition. Amsterdam: Sanquin the Netherlands; 2008.
  34. Peakman M, Vergani D. Basic and clinical immunology, 2nd Edition. London: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.26834

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 7644 | views : 4527

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats