Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Kayu Mangifera indica L., Mangifera foetida Lour, dan Mangifera odorata Griff.

https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.3306

Ganis Lukmandaru(1*), Kristian Vembrianto(2), Anisa Alfiana Gazidy(3)

(1) Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Alumni Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Alumni Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Ekstrak dari kayu dan kulit batang tiga spesies mangifera, yaitu mangga (Mangifera indica L.), pakel (Mangifera foetida Lour), dan kweni (Mangifera odorata Griff.) telah diuji aktivitas antioksidannya (AAO). Tiap bagian batang tersebut diekstrak dengan metanol (MeOH) dan ekstrak kasarnya kemudian difraksinasi secara bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat (EtOAc) dan n-butanol untuk memperoleh 4 fraksi berbeda. Sifat anti oksidan dari ekstrak MeOH dan hasil fraksinasinya ditentukan melalui uji 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak MEOH dari gubal pakel serta kulit kweni secara nyata memberikan AAO tertinggi jika dibandingkan dengan antioksidan standar (asam galat dan katekin) dengan nilai IC50 sekitar 3-10 ppm. Dari beberapa faksi yang dipisahkan pada ekstrak MeOH di bagian-bagian tersebut, fraksi terlarut EtOAc secara nyata menunjukkan AAO tertinggi. Uji identifikasi metabolit sekunder dengan reaksi kimia secara kualitatif mengindikasikan bahwa alkaloid dan tanin berperan pada hasil pengujian AAO. Kadar fenolat total (KFT) dari tiap ekstrak juga ditentukan berdasarkan metoda Folin-Ciocalteu. Baik pada bagian ekstrak kasar maupun hasil fraksinasi, hanya korelasi yang lemah didapatkan apabila antara nilai AAO dan KFT dihubungkan.

Kata kunci : Mangifera, ekstraktif, antioksidan, uji DPPH, kadar fenolat

 

Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extracts from Mangifera indica L., Mangifera foetida Lour, and Mangifera odorata Griff.Woods

Abstract

Wood and bark extracts of three mangifera species, mangga (Mangifera indica L.), pakel (Mangifera foetida Lour), and kweni (Mangifera odorata Griff.) were examined for its antioxidant activity (AOA). Each stem part was extracted with methanol (MeOH) and the crude extract was then sequentially partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol to obtain four different fractions. The antioxidant properties of the MeOH extracts and their fractions were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. This study demonstrated that the MEOH extracts from the sapwood of pakel as well as the bark of kweni significantly exhibit the strongest AOA when compared to standard antioxidants (gallic acid and catechin) at approximately 3-10 ppm in IC50 values. Among the fractions separated from the methanol extracts of those parts, EtOAc soluble fractions significantly exhibited the highest AOA properties. Qualitative phytochemical tests of EtOAc soluble fractions indicated that alkaloid and tannin could contribute to the AOA results. Total phenolic contents (TPC) of each extract were also evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Both in the crude extracts and fractions stage, only weak correlation is found between the AOA and TPC levels.


Keywords


Mangifera; wood extractives; antioxidant; DPPH assay; phenolic content

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.3306

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