* Corresponding Author
Labeling Gibran Rakabuming: Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of YouTube Political Comments
https://doi.org/10.22146/jla.114804 Achmad Fauzi(1*)
(1) Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Studi ini meneliti bagaimana Gibran Rakabuming Raka, Wakil Presiden Indonesia, direpresentasikan dan diberi label dalam 1.500 komentar YouTube pada video “Generasi Muda, Bonus Demografi dan Masa Depan Indonesia” dari akun resmi Wakil Presiden. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, penelitian ini menggabungkan Analisis Wacana Berbasis Korpus dengan AntConc, Analisis Wacana Kritis (CDA) Norman Fairclough, dan Teori Pelabelan Howard Becker. Analisis mengidentifikasi 22 kata kunci, yang mengungkapkan tema dominan anti-nepotisme, meritokrasi, dan skeptisisme terhadap pembangunan citra politik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa para pemberi komentar menggambarkan Gibran sebagai sosok yang tidak kompeten secara kontekstual, disebut sebagai “orang yang terbelakang secara situasional,” menyoroti ketidakdewasaan yang dirasakan, ketergantungan pada hak istimewa keluarga, dan kurangnya otentisitas. Strategi linguistik, termasuk sarkasme, istilah peyoratif, dan referensi intertekstual, membangun narasi kritis, sementara genre digital dan dinamika platform memperkuat resistensi publik. Analisis sosio-kultural menggarisbawahi kontestasi hegemonik terhadap struktur patrimonial di Indonesia pasca-pemilu 2024, yang mencerminkan ketegangan sosial yang lebih luas. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa komentar YouTube secara signifikan membentuk narasi politik, yang berdampak pada legitimasi Gibran. Penelitian ini memperkaya wawasan tentang wacana politik digital dan merekomendasikan agar studi masa depan mengeksplorasi dinamika lintas platform dan elemen visual untuk memperdalam pemahaman.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Akhtar, M., Usman, M., Ahmad, W., Akhtar, N., & Siddiqi, UI (2020). Pemodelan ambivalensi sikap dan hasil perilaku dari ulasan hotel. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 32 , 2831–2855. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2019-0962
Altamimi, M., & Altameemi, Y. (2023). Analisis Tematik: Metode Berbasis Korpus untuk Memahami Tema/Topik Korpus melalui Proses Klasifikasi Menggunakan Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Ilmu Terapan . https://doi.org/10.3390/app13053308
Amin, M., Setyawibawa, R., Achmad, N., & Harahap, R. (2024). Persaingan keluarga dan dampaknya terhadap demokrasi lokal: Analisis dinasti politik di Kabupaten Samosir, Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Humaniora Tingkat Lanjut . https://doi.org/10.58256/rfcv2516
Aminulloh, A., Quinna, MS, & Syadila, AV (2025). Industri Buzzer dan Polarisasi Politik di Era Digital: Perspektif Ekonomi Politik Media. Tuturlogi . https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.tuturlogi.2025.006.01.3
Atmaja, J., Susilowati, S., Armelsa, D., Kussanti, DP, & Suryani, I. (2025). Strategi Komunikasi Politik Bima Arya Dalam Upaya Personal Branding Di Media Sosial Instagram. Jurnal Trias Politika . https://doi.org/10.33373/jtp.v9i1.6859
Avalle, M., Di Marco, N., Etta, G., Sangiorgio, E., Alipour, S., Bonetti, A., Alvisi, L., Scala, A., Baronchelli, A., Cinelli, M., & Quattrociocchi, W. (2024). Pola interaksi yang persisten di seluruh platform media sosial dan seiring berjalannya waktu. Alam , 628 , 582–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07229-y
Bast, J. (2021). Mengelola Citra. Strategi Komunikasi Visual Politisi Populis Sayap Kanan Eropa di Instagram. Jurnal Pemasaran Politik , 23 , 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/15377857.2021.1892901
Becker, H., & Mercer, J. (1974). Pelabelan bagi Penyandang Keterbelakangan Mental. Kekuatan Sosial , 53 , 370. https://doi.org/10.2307/2576069
Boyd, D. (2014). Rumit: Kehidupan Sosial Remaja yang Terhubung Jaringan . https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300166439
Budiana, M. (2024). Peran Political Buzzers di Media Sosial Saat Pilpres Indonesia 2019. Jurnal Komunikasi: Jurnal Komunikasi Malaysia . https://doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2024-4002-30
Crouch, H. (1979). Patrimonialisme dan Pemerintahan Militer di Indonesia. Politik Dunia , 31 , 571–587. https://doi.org/10.2307/2009910
Diabah, G. (2023). Wacana gender dan penggunaan bahasa peyoratif: Analisis komentar YouTube pada "Kita semua harus menjadi feminis". Discourse, Context and Media , 51 (Desember 2022), 100667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2022.100667
Fairclough, N. (1995). Analisis wacana kritis: Studi kritis tentang bahasa. Dalam Journal of Pragmatics (Vol. 26, Edisi 5, hlm. 707–710). https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(96)89194-6
Fatimatuzzahra, N., & Dewi, DSK (2021). Pola Praktik Dinasti Politik Joko Widodo. Jurnal Isu Pemerintahan Daerah . https://doi.org/10.22219/LOGOS.V4I1.15407
Fernández, P. G., & Balboa, C. C. (2021). Actitudes del profesorado de secundaria hacia estudiantes con diagnóstico de trastorno mental en colegios de la provincia de Concepción y Diguillín: Un estudio cualitativo. 39, 283–298. https://doi.org/10.6018/RIE.428681
Fu, L., Li, J., & Dai, Y. (2023). Transformation and development of digital literary criticism in China. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2023.211
Górka, M. (2024). Political image of Geert Wilders: Analysis of populist message on social media platform X. Horyzonty Polityki. https://doi.org/10.35765/hp.2628
Gu, C. (2020). Concordancing China’s Friend, Foe and Frenemy: A Corpus-based CDA of Geopolitical Actors (Re)presented at China’s Interpreter-mediated Political Press Conferences (Issue September). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4771-3_9
Gu, C., & Tipton, R. (2020). (Re-)voicing Beijing’s discourse through self-referentiality: a corpus-based CDA analysis of government interpreters’ discursive mediation at China’s political press conferences (1998–2017). Perspectives: Studies in Translation Theory and Practice, 28(3), 406–423. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2020.1717558
Havenstein, L., Schäfer, F., Dykes, N., Fuchs, T., Blombach, A., Evert, S., & Heinrich, P. (2024). From Linguistic to Discursive Patterns: Introducing Discoursemes as a Basic Unit of Discourse Analysis. CADAAD Journal. https://doi.org/10.21827/cadaad.16.2.42457
Hidayat, H., & Saifullah, A. R. (2019). Analisis tanggapan pengguna youtube terhadap pidato Presiden Joko Widodo: Analisis wacana berbasis korpus. Seminar Internasional Riksa Bahasa XIII, 407–416. http://proceedings2.upi.edu/index.php/riksabahasa/article/view/896
Hidayat, H., & Saifullah, A. R. (2020). Analisis Tanggapan Pengguna YouTube terhadap Pidato Presiden Joko Widodo: Analisis Wacana Berbasis Korpus. In Seminar Internasional Riksa Bahasa XIII. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. http://proceedings.upi.edu/index.php/riksabahasa
Imran, S., Sabih, S., Afrasiab, M., & Hassan, U. (2025). The Language of Social Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Online Debates. Social Science Review Archives. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v3i2.526
Isa. (2024). Profil Gibran Putra Jokowi, Wakil Presiden Termuda dalam Sejarah RI. CNN. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20241019210839-32-1157213/profil-gibran-putra-jokowi-wakil-presiden-termuda-dalam-sejarah-ri
Jaworska, S., & Nanda, A. (2016). Doing well by talking good? A topic modelling-assisted discourse study of corporate social responsibility. Applied Linguistics, 39, 373–399. https://doi.org/10.1093/APPLIN/AMW014
Kadim, E. N. (2022). A critical discourse analysis of Trump’s election campaign speeches. Heliyon, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09256
Kopytowska, M. (2020). Proximization, prosumption and salience in digital discourse: on the interface of social media communicative dynamics and the spread of populist ideologies. Critical Discourse Studies, 19, 144–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2020.1842774
Korol’kova, A. (2020). Ways to convey a negative pragmatic assessment of the conceptual sphere of a “healthy lifestyle” in the blogosphere. Media Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2020.107
Kryvenchenko, D., & Voytseva, O. (2024). Category of evaluation and its representation in contemporary Ukrainian internet discourse. Proceedings of the International Annual Conference of the Institute for Bulgarian Language (Sofia, 2024). https://doi.org/10.7546/confibl2024.35
Lu, X., Jin, T., Jiang, Y., Liu, F., & Zhang, J. (2024). What Should Go With This Word Here: Connecting Lexical Collocations and Rhetorical Moves in Narrative Stories. Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae001
Ma’aly, A. N., Pramesti, D., Fathurahman, A. D., & Hanif, F. (2024). Exploring Sentiment Analysis for the Indonesian Presidential Election Through Online Reviews Using Multi-Label Classification with a Deep Learning Algorithm. In Information. https://doi.org/10.3390/info15110705
Ma’u, J. A. R. Z. (2020). The Two-Face of Anies Baswedan: The Inconsistency with Regards to Jakarta Reclamation. Journal of Language and Literature, 20(1), 40–55. https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.v20i1.2384
Mahsun, M., & Haryanto. (2024). Business and Politics in Urban Indonesia: Patrimonialism, Oligarchy and the State in Two Towns. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 43, 177–197. https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034241264574
Mautner, G. (2022). What can a corpus tell us about discourse? The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367076399-18
Max, J. I. S. D., & Zamruddin, M. P. (2020). Lack of Actor in the State Address of Indonesian President on the 74th Indonesia Independence Day. Journal of Language and Literature, 20(2), 231. https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.v20i2.2632
Meredith, S. (2020). A ‘society … divisible into the blessed and the unblessed’: Michael Young and Meritocracy in Postwar Britain. The Political Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-923X.12837
Mijs, J., & Hoy, C. (2021). How Information about Inequality Impacts Belief in Meritocracy: Evidence from a Randomized Survey Experiment in Australia, Indonesia and Mexico. Social Problems. https://doi.org/10.1093/SOCPRO/SPAA059
Muhtadi, B., & Soderborg, S. (2021). Resentment and Polarization in Indonesia. Journal of East Asian Studies, 23, 439–467. https://doi.org/10.1017/jea.2023.17
Muliono. (2024). Is Structural and Cultural Iron Cage be a Barrier? Journal of Kuasa. https://doi.org/10.22437/kuasa.v1i2.16
Nursyarif, M. K., Rudiman, R., Hidayat, M., & Tirta, M. W. (2024). Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Calon Wakil Presiden Gibran Rakabuming Raka Menggunakan Algoritma Naive Bayes. KOMPUTEK. https://doi.org/10.24269/jkt.v8i1.2509
Paramasivam, S., Ramanathan, R., & Hoon, T. B. (2020). Discursive Strategies and Speech Acts in Political Discourse of Najib and Modi. Shanlax International Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v8i3.3168
Putri, R. C. S., & Mardiah, Z. (2024). Corpus-assisted CDA of George Floyd’s Murder Reports on CNN and Aljazeera. Jurnal Arbitrer, 11(1), 96–108. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.11.1.96-108.2024
Rout, J. K., Ray, N., Rout, M., & Thaokar, C. (2024). N-Gram Based Sarcasm Detection for News and Social Media Text Using Hybrid Deep Learning Models. SN Computer Science, 5, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-023-02506-5
Saputra, M. (2024). Sistem Politik Tanpa Partai di Indonesia: Tantangan, Peluang, dan Dampaknya Terhadap Demokrasi. Jurnal Lanskap Politik. https://doi.org/10.31942/jlp.2024.2.2.11507
Seintignan, M.-A. P. (1989). Langage, travail et idéologie : Le discours des éducateurs spécialisés. https://consensus.app/papers/langage-travail-et-idéologie-le-discours-des-éducateurs-seintignan/62d4cf3d1f0e58c4bf5b1d169e2aa9f6/
Sengar, C. P. S., & Nirmala, S. (2020). Sarcasm Detection in Tweets as Contrast Sentiment in Words Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches. 73–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6315-7_6
Setra, L. N., Rondiyah, R., Kurniawaty, A., & Gayatri, R. (2023). Distribusi Pemakaian Kata Mamiq Dalam Korpus Bahasa Sasak Naskah Cilinaya Dan Majalah Tambori. Mabasan, 17(2), 381–398. https://doi.org/10.62107/mab.v17i2.814
Shammari, S. N. A. (2022). Critical Discourse Analysis Of Donald Trump’s Political Speech Via Twitter. The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”. https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/03.04
Sivaeva, O. (2021). Semantic Prosody Of The Lemma Vaccine In The Media Texts. Studia Philologica. https://doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2021.166
Sokyrska, O., Kolisnyk, M., & Buha, S. (2024). A Linguistic Analysis Of Electronic Discourse And Digital Mediated Communication In Language Learning. Humanities Science Current Issues, 3(73), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.24919/2308-4863/73-3-33
Srikandi, M. B., Latupeirissa, J., Prayana, I., Dewi, N. L. Y., Pramana, I. B. G. A. Y., & Ramadiansyah, S. A. (2024). Social media politics: Analysis of political elite image construction in multiple country elections. Multidisciplinary Reviews. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024278
Suastha, P. V. M., Kardana, I. N., & Yoga, A. D. (2025). (Im)Politeness: A Cyberpragmatic Study of Social Media Discourse on the Kominfo Data Breach. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 08(04). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v8-i4-51
Sufyanto, S., & Savitri, A. N. (2024). Negative News and Hate Speech On Prabowo – Gibran in the 2024 Presidential Election on Metro TV News. Indonesian Journal of Cultural and Community Development. https://doi.org/10.21070/ijccd.v15i1.1184
Sugitanata, A. (2024). Dinamika Lemahnya Kritisme Masyarakat Terhadap Nepotisme Di Indonesia. Al-Balad : Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara Dan Politik Islam. https://doi.org/10.59259/ab.v4i1.160
Syed, A., Huang, X., & Gan, Y. (2024). Narratives of Anxiety and Depression on YouTube: A Corpus-Based Thematic Analysis. Language and Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.laheal.2024.09.001
Tan, P. (2023). Tirani Meritokrasi dan Reimajinasi Solidaritas: Sebuah Kajian Berdasarkan Perspektif Michael Sandel. Jurnal Ledalero. https://doi.org/10.31385/jl.v22i1.332.1-19
Tan, P. (2024). Meritokrasi, Populisme Kanan, dan Revitalisasi Diskursus Publik: Perspektif Filosofis Michael Sandel. Proceedings of The National Conference on Indonesian Philosophy and Theology. https://doi.org/10.24071/snf.v2i1.8484
Tang, N. (2023). The Image of Russia in the Russian-Ukrainian War from the Perspective of American Media: A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis. OALib, 10(02), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1109742
Vessey, R. (2017). Corpus approaches to language ideology. Applied Linguistics, 38, 277–296. https://doi.org/10.1093/APPLIN/AMV023
Villaplana, F., & Fitzpatrick, J. (2025). Editorial: Kepemimpinan, politik, dan masyarakat di era digital. Frontiers in Political Science . https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2025.1585155
Walker, R. (2015). Pola dan Makna dalam Wacana: Teori dan praktik dalam studi wacana berbasis korpus (CADS) . 98 , 129–130. https://consensus.app/papers/patterns-and-meanings-in-discourse-theory-and-practice-in-walker/2d320ac03101532883af1eef99ccc332/
Warburton, E., & Muhtadi, B. (2020). Ketidaksetaraan dan Dukungan Demokrasi di Indonesia. Pacific Affairs , 93 , 31–58. https://doi.org/10.5509/202093131
Widyatama, R., & Mahbob, M. (2024). Potensi Bahaya Akun Palsu dan Perilaku Buzzer pada Demokrasi Deliberatif. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication . https://doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2024-4001-18
Yuliawati, S. (2014). Analisis Berbasis Korpus: Kolokasi Kata-Kata Bermakna “Perempuan” Dalam Media Sunda (Majalah Manglé, 2012 – 2013) . https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:192915609
Zhang, W., & Zhang, L. (2024). Studi tentang Evolusi Kolokasi Kata Kunci dalam Laporan tentang Kinerja Pemerintah Selama Dekade Terakhir. Jurnal Internasional Pendidikan dan Humaniora . https://doi.org/10.54097/9drp4661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jla.114804
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 498
| 
views : 2
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Fauzi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.