DISCRIMINATION AGAINST MIGRANT WORKERS IN MALAYSIA
Muhammad Hafiz Badarulzaman(1), Zainal A Ayub(2*), Zuryati M Yusoff(3), Harlida A Wahab(4)
(1) Universiti Utara Malaysia
(2) Universiti Utara Malaysia
(3) Universiti Utara Malaysia
(4) Universiti Utara Malaysia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstract
Migrant workers are often discriminated against in almost every aspect of life. Discrimination against them is due to irrational dislike of them and also negative perception towards them. It is alleged that migrant workers contribute to the crimes hike in Malaysia. Using doctrinal research methodology, this article discusses direct and perceptive discrimination against them. This article concludes that physical discriminations are mostly happened because ineffective enforcement of the law, abuse of powers and human-trafficking problem. Besides, migrant workers have not being major contributor to crime hike. Malaysia should introduce comprehensive migration law and strengthen the monitoring of recruitment agencies.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
REFERENCES
A. Book
Pappusamy, P.I.D., “Impact of Foreign Labour on Industry”. Employment and Industrial Relations Law in Malaysia, Cyrus Das (ed), (CLJ Publication: 2014).
Mohamed, A.A.A . “Human trafficking and smuggling of migrants: The international instruments and domestic laws of Malaysia”, in Mohamed, A.A.A et. al. (Ed.s), Foreign Workers – the law and practice in Malaysia (pp. 415-488), (Malaysia: CLJ Publication, 2013).
B. Journal
Borjas, George J., Jeffrey Grogger, and Gordon H. Hanson. “Immigration and the Economic Status of African‐American Men.” Economica [2010] 77, no. 306, 255.
Bianchi, Milo, Paolo Buonanno, and Paolo Pinotti. “Do immigrants cause crime?” Journal of the European Economic Association. [2012] 10, no. 6, 1318.
Dhillon, G., Wahab, N.A., and Hamid, M.I., The Legal Governance On The Employment Of Foreign Workers In Malaysia [2014] 2 LNS(A) xxxiii.
Ehrlich, I. “Participation in illegitimate activities: A theoretical and empirical investigation”. Journal of Political Economy [1973] 81 (3), 51.
LaLonde, R.J., and Topel, R.H., “Immigrants in the American labor market: Quality, assimilation, and distributional effects.” The American Economic Review [1991] 81, no. 2, 297.
Mohamed, M.A.S., “Fairness, Dignity And Equality Of Treatment Towards Migrant Domestic Workers: The Islamic Approach.” [2011] 3 Industrial Law Report iii.
Rahman, R. A., “Foreign labour in Malaysia: Are they protected by law?” [1997] 1 Current law Journal i.
Sidhu, A.S., “The rise of crime in Malaysia: An academic and statistical analysis.” Journal of the Kuala Lumpur Royal Malaysia Police College [2005] 4, 1-28.
Soylu, A., and Buchanan, T.A., “Ethnic and Racial Discrimination against Immigrants”, Journal of Business and Economics [2013] Volume 4, No. 9, 848.
C. Internet
Chan, N.W., Zakaria, N.A., Ghani, A.A., and Tan, Y.L., “Integrating Official And Traditional Flood Hazard Management In Malaysia.” (2004), 409-419. Online at : http://eprints.usm.my/1198/1/Integrating_Official_And_Traditional_Flood_Hazard_management_In_Malaysia.pdf
MigrationWatch UK. How Immigration is Measured [2014]. Online at http://www.migrationwatchuk.org/briefingPaper/document/95
Human Rights Watch. Cambodia/Malaysia: Domestic Workers Face Abuse [2011]. Online at http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/10/31/cambodia-malaysia-domestic-workers-face-abuse
Immigration Assist – Working Around the World. “An Immigrant is a person who has citizenship in one country but who enters a different country to set up a permanent residence. Just entering another country does not make you an immigrant.” [2014]. Online at :
http://www.immigrationassist.co.uk/immigration/what-is-an-immigrant/
Tactaquin, C., “Immigration and Globalization: The UN Conference Against Racism Takes on Migrant Issues.” [2011]. Online at : http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=375
The Equal Rights Trust in partnership with Tenaganita. Washing the Tigers – Addressing Discrimination and Inequality in Malaysia [2012] ERT County Report Series: 2. London: The Equal Right Trust, p. XIII.
Online at :
http://www.equalrightstrust.org/ertdocumentbank/Malaysia%20CR%201.pdf
The United Nations.United Nations Human Rights: Combating Discrimination against Migrants [2014]. Online at http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Discrimination/Pages/discrimination_migrants.aspx.
West, J., Malaysia's abuses of migrants' rights [2012]. Online at http://www.asiancenturyinstitute.com/migration/190-malaysia-s-abuses-of-migrants-rights (Accessed 20/6/2016)
D. Newspaper/Magazine
Meikeng, Y., “Parliament: Only 1% of crimes are committed by foreigners, says Wan Junaidi”. The Star. (Kuala Lumpur, 9th July, 2013). Online at http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2013/07/09/Parliament-crime-illegal-migrants/.
E. Research Results
Bashah, A., Masalah Pendatang dan Impak ke atas Jenayah – Satu Kajian di Selangor, [1994] Diploma Sains Kepolisian Project Paper, UKM/RMP
Del Carpio, X., Karupiah,R., Marouani, M.A., Ozden, C., Testaverde, M., and Wagner, M., “Immigration in Malaysia: Assessment of its Economic Effects, and a Review of the Policy and System.” World Bank, Washington DC (2013).
Hashim, M., Impak Pendatang Haram keatas Kejadian Jenayah – Satu Kajian dinegeri Johor [1994] Diploma Sains Kepolisian Project Paper, UKM/RMP
Kanapathy, V., Controlling irregular migration: The Malaysian experience. [2008] No. 413222. International Labour Organization.
Morshidi, Z., Masalah Pendatang Asing Tanpa Izin ( PATI) dan Hubungannya dengan Jenayah, Satu Kajian di Kuching, Sarawak. [1996] Diploma Sains Kepolisian Project Paper, UKM/RMP.
Piper, N., “Migrant Labor in Southeast Asia.” Country study: Singapore. Ms, prepared for the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung project on Migrant Labor in Southeast Asia. Singapore: Asia Research Institute (2005).
Zinin, M.B.M., Impak Pendatang Haram keatas Jenayah [1994] Diploma Sains Kepolisian Project Paper, UKM/RMP.
F. Report
Amnesty International, Trapped: The Exploitation of Migrant Workers in Malaysia, [2010].
Borjas, George J. The economic progress of immigrants. [1998] No. w6506. National Bureau of Economic Research
The Equal Rights Trust. Declaration of Principles on Equality. (The Equal Rights Trust: London, 2008).
United States Department of State, 2010 Human Rights Report: Malaysia [8 April 2011].
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16692
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 10049 | views : 5175Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Muhammad Hafiz Badarulzaman, Zainal A Ayub, Zuryati M Yusoff, Harlida A Wahab
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.