Comparative Study of Cycle Threshold RT-PCR SARS Cov-2 between Saliva Specimen and Nasopharyngeal Swab
Indriana Citraningtyas(1), Tjie Kok(2*)
(1) Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya
(2) Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is an infectious disease that spreads quickly and attacks the respiratory system that can causing death. The main diagnosis of Covid-19 is conducted by a nasopharyngeal swab, an invasive method which can in turn increase the risk of transmission from patient to swabber, and cause discomfort for the patient when nasopharyngeal swab was collected. Hence, there is a need for non-invasive methods development, one of which is using saliva specimens. This study aims to evaluate the potential of using saliva specimens for diagnosis as an alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs. The study was conducted on confirmed patients at Hajj Dormitory Embarkation Surabaya using an analytical experimental research design. The samples were collected by simple random sampling from 35 patients at Hajj Dormitory Embarkation Surabaya who meet the inclusion criteria, and evaluated at Surabaya Regional Health Laboratory using RT-PCR (Real Time Polymerase Chain Extraction). The results showed that there was no significant difference between the cycle threshold RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimen, for target E Gene, OrF1ab Gene, and N Gene. The sensitivity and specificity of saliva specimens are 88.2% and 100%, respectively, from nasopharyngeal swabs. Hence, saliva specimen has the potential to be used as a non-invasive method for Covid-19 diagnosis and for patient comfort.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
- Kemenkes. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Coronaviruts Disease (Covid-19). Edisi 5. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI. 2020;https://infeksiemerging. kemkes.go.id/download/REV-04_ Pedoman_P2_COVID-19__27_ Maret2020_TTD1.pdf
- WHO.Situation by Region, Country, Territory & Area. 2022; https://covid19.who.int/table
- Budi Yanti, Fitri Dewi Ismida, Klarina Elsa Siti Sarah. Perbedaan uji diagnostik antigen, antibodi, RT-PCR dan tes cepat molekuler pada Coronavirus Disease 2019. Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala. 2020; 20(3).
- WHO. Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected human cases: Interim Guidance. WHO. 2020; https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331501
- Meutia Wardhanie Ganie. Uji Sensitivitas Dan Spesifisitas Spesimen Saliva Pasien Covid-19 Menggunakan Pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction Untuk Identifikasi Infeksi Sars-Cov-2 Di Kota Medan. Tesis. Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2021;https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/44506
- Dawes C. and Wong D.T.W. Role of Saliva and Salivary Diagnostics in the Advancement of Oral Health. Journal of Dental Research. 2019; 98(2): 133–141.
- Tan, Steph, Orchid Allocok, Mari Armstong-Hough, Anne L Wyllie. Saliva as A Gold-Standard Sample For SARS-Cov-2 Detection. Lancet Respir Med. 2021; 9(6): 562–564.
- ToKelvin Kai-Wang, Owen Tak Yin Tsang, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, et al.. Consistent Detection of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Saliva. Clinical Infectious Diseases: Brief Report. 2020; XX(XX):1–3.
- Rahmadhaniati, Dinna Rakhmina, Tini Elyn Herlina. Literature Review: Perbandingan Hasil Diagnosis Laboratorium pada COVID-19 menggunakan Metode Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) dan Metode Rapid Test Antigen. Jurnal Kesehatan. 2022; 15: 41-47.
- Pasomsub E., Watcharananan S.P., Boonyawat, et al.. Saliva Sample As A Non-Invasive Specimen For The Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease. 2019. A Cross-Sectional Study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2021; 27.
- Yusuf, Attahiyyata, Putra, Andani Eka, Irvan Medison. Perbandingan Antara Swab Nasofaring, Swab Orofaring dan Saliva Untuk Mendeteksi SARS-CoV-2. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas. 2022; 45(4): 583-590.http://scholar.unand.ac.id/id/eprint/108613
- Altawalah, Haya, Fatma Alhurais, Wafaa Ali Alkandari, Sayeh Ezzikouri. Saliva specimen for Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Virology 132.2020.
- Chen, Lili, Jiajia Zhao, Jinfeng Peng, Xiangshuang Li, Zhi geneg, et al. Detection Of SARS-Cov-2 in Saliva and Characterization of Oral Symptoms n COVID-19 Patients. Cell Proliferation; 2020; 53:e12923.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jmpf.83451
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1364 | views : 656Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.