* Corresponding Author
Kemampuan Isolataktinomisetes Menghasilkan Enzim yang Dapatmerusak Kulit Telur Nematoda Puru-Akar Meloidogyne spp.
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.11762 Bambang Rahayu TP(1*), Donny Widianto(2), Sebastian Margino(3), Mulyadi Mulyadi(4)
(1) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Soil microbes including actinomycetes are known to produce various hydrolytic enzymes and antibiotics that can be used as biological controlling agents nematode. Therefore, surveys conducted in several areas in Yogyakarta, Central Java and East Java, to search for actinomycetes with chitinolytic, proteolytic, and chitino-proteolytic activity. Isolation of Actinomycetes produced 84 isolates, and most was obtained from shrimp head waste (26 isolates). After the selection based on their ability to hydrolyze chitines and protein in the medium, those whith the highest chitin and protein hydrolysis activity, are consecutive PSJ 27, TL 8, and TL 10 isolates. Test results of crude enzyme produced by selected isolates against root-knot nematode eggshell, showed that the isolates that have chitino-proteolytic activity (TL 10), is a highly effective isolate in damage eggshell. There are three types of damage to the nematode eggs. In the young eggs, crude enzyme preparation causing damage on vitelline and chitin layers. In the older eggs, preparation of crude enzyme cause premature hatching.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Becker, J. O. & F.J. Schwinn. 1993. Control of Soilborne Pathogens with Living Bacteria and Fungi: Status and Outlook. Pesticide Science 37: 355–363.
Bird, A.F. & J. Bird. 1991. The Structure of Nematodes. Acadamic Press, Sandiego. 316 p.
Bird, A.F. & M.A. McClure. 1976. The Tylenchid (Nematoda) Eggshell: Structure, Composition, and Permeability. Parasitology 72: 19–28.
Bonants, P.J., P.F. Fitters, H. Thijs, E. den Belder, C.Waalwijk, & J.W. Henfling. 1995.ABasic Serine Protease from Paecilomyces lilacinus with Biological Activity against Meloidogyne hapla Eggs. Microbiology 141: 775–784.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A Rapid and Sensitive Method for Quantification ofMicrogram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-dye Binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72: 248–254.
Chitwood, B.G. & M.B. Chitwood. 1950. Introduction to Nematology. Univ. Park Press, London. 332 p.
Dunne, C., I. Delany, A. Fenton, & F. O’Gara. 1997a. Mechanisms Involved in Biocontrol by Microbial Inoculants. Agronomie 16: 721–729.
Dunne, C., J.J. Crowley, Y. Moënne-Loccoz, D.N. Dowling, F.J. de Bruijn, & F. O’Gara. 1997b. Biological Control of Pythium ultimum by Stenotrophomonas maltophiliaW81 is Mediated by an Extracellular Proteolytic Activity. Microbiology 143: 3921–3931.
Dunne, C., Y. Moënne-Loccoz, J. McCarthy, P. Higgins, J. Powell, D.N. Dowling, & F. O’Gara. 1998. Combining Proteolytic and Phloroglucinol producing Bacteria for Improved Biocontrol of Pythium-mediated Damping-off of Sugar Beet. Plant Pathology 47: 299–307.
Godoy, G., R. Rodrı´guez-Ka´bana, R. Shelby, & G. Morgan-Jones. 1983. Chitin Amendments for Control of Meloidogyne arenaria in Infested Soil. II. Effects on Microbial Populations. Nematropica 13: 63–74.
Hsu, S.C. & J.L. Lockwood. 1975. Powdered Chitin Agar as a Selective Medium for Enumeration of Actinomycetes in Water and Soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 29: 422–426.
Jutono, J. Soedarsono, S. Hartadi, S. Kabirun, S. Darmosuwito, & Soesanto, 1980. Pedoman Praktikum Mikrobiologi Umum. Departemen Mikrobiologi. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. 232 p.
Keel, C. & Défago, G. 1997. Interactions Between Beneficial Soil Bacteria and Root Pathogens: Mechanisms and Ecological Impact. p. 27–46. In A.C. Gange & V.K. Brown (eds.), Multitrophic Interactions in Terrestrial Systems, Blackwell Scientific Publications, London. McCarthy, A.J. & S.T. Williams. 1992. Actinomycetes as Agents of Biodegradation in the Environment-a Review. Gene 115:189–192.
Mercer, C.F., D.R. Greenwood, & J.L. Grant, 1992. Effect of Plant and Microbial Chitinases on the Eggs and Juveniles of Meloidogyne hapla Chidwood. Nematologica 8: 227–236.
Meyer, S.L.F., N.H. Robin, Z.L. Xing, R.A. Humber, J. Juba, & J.K. Nitao. 2004. Activity of Fungal Culture Filtrates against Soybean Cyst Nematode and Root-knot Nematode Egg Hatch and Juvenile Motility. Nematology 6: 23–32
Mian, I.H., G. Godoy, R.A. Shelby, R. Rodríguez-Kábana, G. Morgan-Jones. 1982. Chitin Amendments for Control of Meloidogyne arenaria in Infested Soil. Nematropica 12: 71–84.
Miller, P.M. & D.C. Sands. 1977. Effect of Hydrolitic Enzymes on Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Journal of Nematology 9: 192–197.
Nickle, W.R. 1991. Manual of Agriculture Nematology. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, N.Y. Pub. 1035 p. Netscher, C. & R.A. Sikora. 1990. Nematode Parasites of Vegetables. p. 237–283. In M. Luc, R.A. Sikora, & J. Bridge. (eds.), Plant Parasitic Nematode in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture. C.A.B.Int. Inst. of Parasitol. London. Nitao, J.K., S.L.F. Meyer, & D.J. Chitwood. 1999. In Vitro Assays of Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera glycines for Detection of Nematode Antagonistic Fungal Compound. Journal of Nematology 31: 172–183.
Park, J.O., K.A. EI-Tarabily, E.L. Ghisalberti, & K. Sivastithamparam. 2002. Pathogenesis of Streptoverticillium albireticuli on Caenorhabditis elegans and its Antagonism to Soil Borne Fungal Pathogens. Letters in Applied Microbiology 35: 361–365.
Rodrıguez-Kabana, R., G. Godoy, G. Morgan- Jones, & R. Shelby. 1983. The Determination of Soil Chitinase Activity: Conditions for Assay and Ecological Study. Plant and Soil 75: 95–106.
Sasser, J.N. 1980. Root-knot Nematode: A Global Manace to Crop Production. Plant Disease 64: 36–41.
Siddiqui I.A., D. Haas, & S. Heeb. 2005. Extracellular Protease of Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0, a Biocontrol Factor with Activity against the Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71: 5646–5649.
Singh, R.S. & K. Sitaramaiah. 1993. Plant Pathogens. The Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Science Publisher Inc. USA. 316 p.
Thrane, C., A. Tronsmo, & D.F. Jensen. 1997. Endo-1,3-ß-glucanase and Cellulase from Trichoderma harzianum: Purification and Partial Characterization, Induction of and Biological Activity against Plant Pathogenic Pythium spp. European Journal of Plant Pathology 103: 331–344.
Tikhonov, V.E., L.V. Lopez-Llorca, J. Salinas, & H. Jansson. 2002. Purification and Characterization of Chitinases from the Nematophagous Fungi Verticillium chlamydosporium and V. suchlassporium. Fungal Genetics and Biology 35: 67–78.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.11762
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1046
| 
views : 1341
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2009 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics