Dampak Andrografolid dan Dua Jenis Insektisida Sintetik sebagai Penghambat Makan Nephotettix virescens, terhadap Transmisi Virus Tungro

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.9832

I Nyoman Widiarta(1*), Muhammad Muhsin(2), Dede Kusdiaman(3)

(1) Balai Penelitian Tanaman Padi, Sukamandi
(2) Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Tanaman Pangan, Bogor
(3) Balai Penelitian Tanaman Padi, Sukamandi
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The effect of andrographolide and two synthetic insecticides of pymetrozine and imidacloprid, an antifeedant against N. virescens (Distant), to the rice virus transmission were tested using test tube inoculation method in the green house under natural photoperiod and average temperature of 28.5oC. The root of tungro diseased plant were soaked for 24 hours into tested materials before acquisition feeding to test virus acquisition inhibition, while root of rice seedlings were soaked into tested material for 24 hours before inoculation feeding to test virus inoculation inhibition. The results of studies showed that andrographolide, pymetrozine, and imidacloprid significantly reduced virus acquisition and virus inoculation by N. virescens. Pymetrozine and andrographolide treatments to the tungro diseased plants at concentration of 20 ppm significantly reduced proportion of viruliferous vector to become 17% in average. The increasing concentration into 40 ppm of both materials did not significantly reduce proportion of viruliferous vector. Imidacloprid at concentration of 0.01 and 0.02 ppm, completey inhibited feeding acquisition. Pymetrozine and andrographolide treatment at concentration of 20 ppm to the rice seedlings reduced significantly virus transmission by N. virescens to become 69% in average. The increasing concentration of pymetrozine up to 40 ppm did not reduce virus transmission rate. Imidacloprid at concentration of 0.01 ppm and 0.02 ppm reduced virus transmission to become 25% and 39%, respectively. It was concluded that imidacloprid was the most effective antifeedant reducing virus transmission by N. virescens among tested chemicals.


Keywords


antifeedant; N. virescens; rice tungro virus disease

Full Text:

PDF


References

Chelliah, S., L. Fabellar & E.A. Heinrichs. 1980. Effect of sub-lethal doses of three insecticides on the reproductive rate of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvara lugens on rice. Environ. Entomol. 9: 778-780.

Favali, M.A., S. Pellegrini & M. Bassi. 1975. Ultra structural alterations induced by tungro virus in rice leaves. Virology 66: 502-507.

Fuog, D., R. Senn & M. Bolsinger. 1996. Pymetrozine: a novel aphicide with a new mode of action. XX International Congress of Entomology, August 25-31, 1996, Florence, Italy.

Hermawan, W., R. Tsukuda, K. Fujisaki, A. Kobayashi & F. Nakasuji. 1993. Influence of crude extracts from a tropical plant, Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), on supression of feeding by diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponemeutidae) and oviposition by azuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). AppI. Entomol. Zool. 28:25 1-254.

Hermawan, W., S. Kajiyama, R. Tsukuda, K. Fujisaki, A. Kobayashi & F. Nakasuji. 1994. Antifeedant and antioviposition activities of the fraction of extract from a tropical plant, Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponemeutidae). AppI. Entomol. Zool. 29: 533-538

Hibino, H. & R.C. Cabunagan. 1986. Rice tungro associated viruses and their relation to host plants and vector leafhopper. Trop. Agr. Res. Ser. 19: 173-182.

Khan, Z. R. & R. C. Saxena. 1985. Behavior and biology of Nephotettix virescens (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on tungro virus-infected rice plants: Epidemiology implication. Environ. Entomol. 14: 297-304.

Ling, K.C. 1979. Rice virus disease. IRR1, Los Banos, Philippines. l42p.

Mariappan, V. & R. C. Saxena. 1983. Effect of custard-apple oil and neem oil on survival of Nephotettix virescens (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) and on rice tungro virus transmission. J. Econ. Entomol. 76: 573-576.

Maruyama, M. & T. Obinata. 1995. Effect of admire to supress feeding activity and virus transmission by leaf-planthopper. “Noyaku kenkyu” 42: 19-26 (Bahasa Jepang)

Rivera, C. T. & S.H. Ou. 1965. Leafhopper transmission of “tungro” disease of rice. Plant. Dis. Rep. 49: 127-131.

Sama, S., A. Hasanuddin, I. Manwan, R.C. Cabunagan & H. Hibino. 1991. Integrated rice tungro disease management in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Crop Protection 10: 34-40.

Singh, K. G. 1969. Virus vector relationship in penyakit merah of rice. Phytopathol. Soc. Japan, Ann. 35:322-324.

Siwi, S.S. & I.D.M. Tantera. 1982. Pergeseran dominasi spesies wereng hijau di Indonesia serta kemungkinan perannya dalam penyebaran virus tungro. J. Penel. dan Pengemb. Pert. 1(2): 57-67.

Steel, R.G.D. & J. H. Torrie. 1981. Principle and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. McGraw Hill, London, Singapore, Tokyo.

Widiarta, I. N., Y. Suzuki, K. Fujisaki & F. Nakasuji. 1992. Comparative population dynamics of green leafhopper in paddy field of the tropics and temperate regions. JARQ 26: 115-123.

Widiarta, I N. 1993. Comparative population dynamics of green leafhopper Nephotettix virescens and N. cincticeps “Shokubutsu-boeki” 47: 396-39 (Bahasa Jepang).

Widiarta, I. N., W. Hermawan, S. Oya, S. Naka,jima & F. Nakasuji. 1997. Antifeedant activity of constituents of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae) against the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhier (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). AppI. Entomol. Zool. 32: 561-566.

Widiarta, I.N., N. Usyati & D. Kusdiaman. Aktivitas penghambat makan andrografolid dan tiga jenis insektisida sintetik terhadap wereng hijau, Nephotettix virescens Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Buletin Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, HPT IPB. (in press).



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.9832

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1625 | views : 916

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 1998 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.  

View website statistics