Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Silika Tersulfatasi dari Sekam Padi
Idra Herlina(1*), Edwin Rizki Safitra(2)
(1) Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Sains, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jalan Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365
(2) Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jalan Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
In this work, sulphated silica (SiO2/SO3-H+) has been synthesized from rice husk through sol-gel method. Characterization with IR spectrophotometers showed similar peak between silica and sulphated silica. Silica typical bands consisting of strain O-H, bending water molecules, and asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in the siloxane appear at the peak of the analysis showing that silica synthesis of rice husk has been successfully performed. The modification of silica with sulphuric acid was not confirmed by IR spectrophotometers because the S-OH strain of sulphate ions overlaps with asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in siloxanes. The resulting sulphated silica was used as a catalyst in the esterification reaction of free fatty acid in a crude palm oil pond (Pond CPO). Pond CPO is a CPO that is bound to palm oil mill waste water. Pond CPO has free fatty acid content (FFA) between 40 to 70%. High levels of FFA CPO can be derived through esterification reactions with the help of SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst. In this study, SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst concentrations were varied i.e. 1, 3, and 5% (w/w). From the research result, the best catalyst performance was obtained at 5% concentration with the ability to decrease the FFA level by 49.70%.
A B S T R A K
Pada penelitian ini, silika tersulfatasi (SiO2/SO3-H+) dibuat dari sekam padi melalui metode sol-gel. Karakterisasi dengan spektrofotometer IR menunjukkan puncak yang serupa antara silika dan silika tersulfatasi. Pita khas silika yang terdiri dari regangan O-H, bengkokan molekul air, dan vibrasi asimetrik atom silika yang ada pada siloksan muncul pada puncak hasil analisis yang menunjukkan bahwa sintesis silika dari sekam padi telah berhasil dilakukan. Modifikasi silika dengan asam sulfat tidak terkonfirmasi melalui spektrofotometer IR karena regangan S-OH dari ion sulfat tumpang tindih dengan vibrasi asimetrik atom silika yang ada pada siloksan. Silika tersulfatasi yang dihasilkan digunakan sebagai katalis pada reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak bebas crude palm oil (CPO) parit. CPO parit adalah CPO yang terikat pada air limbah pabrik minyak sawit. CPO parit memiliki kadar free fatty acid (FFA) antara 40 sampai 70%. Kadar FFA CPO yang tinggi tersebut dapat diturunkan melalui reaksi esterifikasi dengan bantuan katalis SiO2/SO3-H+. Pada penelitian ini, konsentrasi katalis SiO2/SO3-H+ divariasikan yaitu 1, 3, dan 5% (b/b). Dari hasil penelitian, kinerja katalis terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi 5% dengan kemampuan menurunkan kadar FFA sebesar 49,70%.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.34362
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