Simulation of Nitrogen Release from Chitosan/Local Organic Fertilizer Composite as Slow-Release Fertilizer

Alit Istiani; Yuni Kusumastuti; Rochmadi rochmadi

doi:10.22146/jrekpros.50341

Simulation of Nitrogen Release from Chitosan/Local Organic Fertilizer Composite as Slow-Release Fertilizer

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.50341

Alit Istiani⁽¹⁾, Yuni Kusumastuti^(2*), Rochmadi rochmadi⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
(2) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
(3) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The application of conventional fertilizer, especially for inorganic fertilizer, has low efficiency due to the fast release of its nutrients into the environment. Also, it has a high operating cost caused by multiple fertilization processes in one of the planting periods. One of the possibilities to overcome this limitation is applying organic fertilizer as a slow-release fertilizer (SRF). The objective of this research is to prepare SRF by modifying the formulation of local organic fertilizer with chitosan as a binder. The rate of the nitrogen release was studied and simulated with MATLAB. The result shows that the nitrogen loss by water leaching decreased up to 85% in chitosan/organic fertilizer rather than the fertilizer without chitosan. By MATLAB simulation, the release of nitrogen has followed the proposed mathematical model in which the mass transfer occurred dominated by diffusion mechanism with the diffusivity coefficient of 1.61x10^-5 cm²/s.

Keywords: chitosan; organic fertilizer; slow-release fertilizer

A B S T R A K

Penggunaan pupuk anorganik masih memiliki efisiensi rendah yang disebabkan oleh cepatnya pelepasan nutrisi pupuk ke lingkungan sehingga nutrisi tersebut tidak dapat terserap baik oleh tanaman. Selain itu, aplikasi pupuk anorganik yang berulang dalam satu periode tanam berdampak pada peningkatan biaya operasional. Salah satu metode untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan pupuk lepas lambat (slow-release fertilizer) atau dengan menggunakan pupuk organik. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan mengombinasikan dua metode tersebut yaitu dengan memodifikasi formulasi dari pupuk organik lokal dengan penambahan kitosan sehingga dapat diperoleh pupuk organik yang memiliki sifat lepas lambat. Laju pelepasan nitrogen dari pupuk yang dihasilkan kemudian dianalisis dan disimulasikan dengan software MATLAB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nitrogen yang hilang pada komposit pupuk organik-kitosan melalui water leaching menurun hingga 85% jika dibandingkan dengan komposit pupuk organik tanpa kitosan. Hasil simulasi MATLAB juga menunjukkan bahwa laju pelepasan nitrogen pada pupuk mengikuti model matematika yang diusulkan yaitu dengan mekanisme difusi, nilai koefisien difusivitas yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 1,61×10^-5 cm²/s.

Kata kunci: kitosan; pupuk lepas lambat; pupuk organik

Keywords

chitosan; organic fertilizer; slow-release fertilizer

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.50341

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