* Corresponding Author
The Effect of Nutrients Mixture on The Biomass and Lipid Production from Microalgae Botryococcus braunii Mutated by UV-C Rays
https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.69228 Thea Prastiwi Soedarmodjo(1*), Hakun Wirawasista Aparamarta(2), Arief Widjaja(3)
(1) Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
(2) Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
(3) Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Nutrient is one of the most important factors in the growth of microalgae. This research was conducted to study the effect of nutrient mixture on the biomass and lipid production of Botryococcus braunii. Microalgae B. braunii was cultivated in the commercial nutrient medium of agricultural fertilizer combinations of ammonium sulphate (ZA), urea, and triple superphosphate (TSP). Before the cultivation process, B. braunii was exposed to UV-C rays (254 nm) for 3 minutes. The concentration and type of fertilizer as a nitrogen source divided into four types of mixtures, namely FM-1, FM-2, FM-3, and FM-4 were compared with Walne nutrients to study their effects on microalgae growth and lipids. FM-1 consisting of 150 mg/L of ZA, 7.5 mg/L of urea, and 25 mg/L of TSP led to the best growth for native and mutated microalgae strains compared to Walne nutrients and other nutrient mixtures. The mutated microalgae showed less growth than the native microalgae strains. However, the mutation process significantly increased the lipid content in the microalgae. In native microalgae strains, FM-4 consisting of 136.3 mg/L of urea and 50 mg/L of TSP produced the lowest lipid at 8.96%. After being exposed to UV-C rays, the lipids in FM-4 medium increased to 55.11%. The results show that the use of commercial fertilizers and exposure to UV-C rays on microalgae have high potential in preparing lipids as raw material for biodiesel which can be effectively applied in large-scale microalgae cultivation.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Agirman, N. and Cetin, A., 2017, Effect of nitrogen limitation on growth, total lipid accumulation and protein amount in Scenedesmus acutus as biofuel reactor candidate, Nat. Sci. Discov., 3 (3), 33–33. Alexandrova, A.N. and Jorgensen, W.L., 2010, Why Urea Eliminates Ammonia Rather Than Hydrolyzes in Aqueous Solution, J Phys Chem B., 111 (4), 720–730. Ammar, S.H., 2016, Cultivation of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in airlift photobioreactor for Biomass Production using commercial NPK nutrients, Al-Khwarizmi Eng. J., 12 (1), 90–99. Blanken, W., Postma, P.R., de Winter, L., Wijffels, R.H. and Janssen, M., 2016, Predicting microalgae growth, Algal Res., The Authors, 14, 28–38. Borderie, F., Alaoui-sehmer, L. and Bousta, F., 2014, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation Cellular and molecular damage caused by high UV-C irradiation of the cave-harvested green alga Chlorella minutissima : Implications for cave management, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegradation, 93, 118–130. Chisti, Y., 2007, Algae production comparrison, Biotechnol. Adv. 25, 25, 294–306. Cooper, G.M., 2019, The Cell: A Molecular Approach, Eighth Edition, Oxford University Press, New York. Coutteau, P., 1996, Manual on the production and use of live food for aquaculture: Micro-algae. FAO. Belgium, FAO Fish. Tech. Pap., 7–48. Covell, L., Machado, M., Vaz, M.G.M.V., Soares, J., Batista, A.D., Araújo, W.L., Martins, M.A., et al., 2020, Alternative fertilizer-based growth media support high lipid contents without growth impairment in Scenedesmus obliquus BR003, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 43 (0123456789), 1123–1131. Gao, F., Yang, H.L., Li, C., Peng, Y.Y., Lu, M.M., Jin, W.H., Bao, J.J., et al., 2019, Effect of organic carbon to nitrogen ratio in wastewater on growth, nutrient uptake and lipid accumulation of a mixotrophic microalgae Chlorella sp., Bioresour. Technol., Elsevier, 282 (March), 118–124. Isnansetyo, A. and Kurniastuty., 1995, Teknik Kultur Phytoplankton Zooplankton, Kanisius, Yogyakarta. Lam, M.K. and Lee, K.T., 2012, Potential of using organic fertilizer to cultivate Chlorella vulgaris for biodiesel production, Appl. Energy, Elsevier Ltd, 94, 303–308. Liu, S., Zhao, Y., Liu, L., Ao, X., Ma, L., Wu, M. and Ma, F., 2015, Improving Cell Growth and Lipid Accumulation in Green Microalgae Chlorella sp. via UV Irradiation, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 175 (7), 3507–3518. Lourenço, S.O., Barbarino, E., Mancini-Filho, J., Schinke, K.P. and Aidar, E., 2002, Effects of different nitrogen sources on the growth and biochemical profile of 10 marine microalgae in batch culture: An evaluation for aquaculture, Phycologia, 41 (2), 158–168. Markou, G., Vandamme, D. and Muylaert, K., 2014, Microalgal and cyanobacterial cultivation: The supply of nutrients, Water Res., Elsevier Ltd, 65, 186–202. El Nabris, K.J.-A., 2012, Development of Cheap and Simple Culture Medium for the Microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. Based on Agricultural Grade Fertilizers Available in the Local Market of Gaza Strip (Palestine), J. Al Azhar Univ. (Natural Sci., 14 (January 2012), 61–76. Perez-Garcia, O., Escalante, F.M.E., de-Bashan, L.E. and Bashan, Y., 2011, Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: Metabolism and potential products, Water Res., Elsevier Ltd, 45 (1), 11–36. Ramadhani, A.P., Prashantyo, M.H., Soedarmodjo, T.P. and Widjaja, A., 2020, The effect UV-B mutation on biodiesel from microalgae Botryococcus braunii using esterification, transesterification and combination of esterification-transesterification, AIP Conf. Proc., Vol. 2217, AIP Publishing, Indonesia : Surakarta, pp. 030021–1–030021–8. Sarayloo, E., Tardu, M., Sabri, Y., Simsek, S., Cevahir, G. and Erkey, C., 2017, Understanding lipid metabolism in high-lipid-producing Chlorella vulgaris mutants at the genome-wide level, Algal Res., Elsevier, 28 (November), 244–252. Sharma, K.K., Schuhmann, H. and Schenk, P.M., 2012, High lipid induction in microalgae for biodiesel production, Energies, 5 (5), 1532–1553. Sivaramakrishnan, R. and Incharoensakdi, A., 2017, Bioresource Technology Enhancement of lipid production in Scenedesmus sp ., Bioresour. Technol., Elsevier Ltd, 235, 366–370. Skerratt, J.H., Davidson, A.D., Nichols, P.D. and McMeekin, T.A., 1998, Effect of Uv - B on Lipid Content of Three Antarctic Marine Phytoplankton, Science (80-. )., 49 (4), 999–1007. Thurakit, T., Pumas, C., Pathom-aree, W., Pekkoh, J. and Peerapornpisal, Y., 2018, Enhancement of Biomass , Lipid and Hydrocarbon Production from Green Microalga , Botryococcus braunii AARL G037 , by UV-C Induction, Chiang Mai J. Sci., 45 (7), 2637–2651. Widjaja, A., Chien, C.C. and Ju, Y.H., 2009, Study of increasing lipid production from fresh water microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 40 (1), 13–20. Xu, N., Zhang, X., Fan, X., Han, L. and Zeng, C., 2001, Effects of nitrogen source and concentration on growth rate and fatty acid composition of Ellipsoidion sp. (Eustigmatophyta), J. OfApplied Phycol., 13, 463–469. Xue, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, T., An, L. and Wang, X., 2005, Effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on algae and cyanobacteria, Crit. Rev. Microbiol., 31 (2), 79–89. Zullaikah, S., Utomo, A.T., Yasmin, M., Ong, L.K. and Ju, Y.H., 2019, Ecofuel conversion technology of inedible lipid feedstocks to renewable fuel, Adv. Eco-Fuels a Sustain. Environ., Elsevier Ltd., 237–276.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.69228
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1793
| 
views : 1323
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 The authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.