Komunikasi Bencana di Twitter: Studi Kasus Bencana Banjir Perkotaan di Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta`

https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.v11i2.58123

Ahmad Maulana(1*), Bevaola Kusumasari(2), Sri Rum Giyarsih(3)

(1) Gadjah Mada University
(2) Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik UGM
(3) Fakultas Geografi UGM
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Social media occupies increasingly important roles in disaster response management. However, there are still doubts regarding the effectiveness of social media-based disaster communication. This paper aims to understand the discourse that emerge in Twitter containing facts or opinion regarding the flood disaster communication in DKI Jakarta under the different leadership of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (2014- 2017) and Anies Rasyid Baswedan (2017-2020). This research used the methods of Corpus Assisted Discourse Study (CADS) and Actor Network Theory (ANT). These methods collected data on the discourse that is happening on Twitter and analyzes the network of actors who are active in discussions about floods in DKI Jakarta at different periods of leadership. This research found that the discourse that has developed on Twitter about floods in DKI Jakarta covers the personal problems of the leaders, the personality of the leaders, and the political position of the leaders, offered little messages that leads to solving the problem of flooding in DKI Jakarta. The active actor network is dominated by the local government of Jakarta as the responsibility holder or the main actor in delivering in information is only played by BPBD Jakarta.

Keywords


Disaster communication; Social media; Flood; Corpus Assisted Discourse Studies (CADS); Actor Network Theory (ANT).

Full Text:

PDF


References

Acar, A., & Muraki, Y. (2011). Twitter and natural disasters: crisis communication lessons from the japan tsunami. International Journal of Web Based Communities.

Adri, M. (2007). Pemanfaatan Internet sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran. Semiloka Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi FT UNP Padang, 22 - 23.

Ansari, M. Z., Aziz, M. B., Siddiqui, M. O., Mehra, H., & Singh, K. P. (2019). Analysis of Political Sentiment Orientations on Twitter. Procedia Computer Science(167), 1821-1828.

Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana. (2019). Data Informasi Bencana Indonesia. Retrieved 01 29, 2020, from http://bnpb.cloud/dibi/laporan5

Baker, P., Gabrielatos, C., KhosraviNik, M., Kryzanowski, M., McEnery, T., & Wodak, R. (2008). A useful methodological synergy? Combining critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics to examine discourse of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK press. Discourse Soc, 19(3), 273- 306.

Bappenas. (2007). Laporan perkiraan kerugian dan kerusakan pasca bencana banjir awal Februari 2007 di wilayah JABODETABEK. Jakarta: Bappenas.

Bonilla, Y., & Rosa, J. (2015). #Ferguson: Digital protest, hashtag ethnography, and the racial politics of social media in the United States: #Ferguson. American Ethnologist, 1(42), 4-17.

Bruns, A., & Burgess, J. E. (2011). The use of Twitter hashtags in the formation of ad hoc publics. Proceedings of the 6th European consortium for the 25 Ahmad Maulana -- Komunikasi Bencana di Twitter: Studi Kasus Bencana Banjir Perkotaan di Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota (DKI) Jakarta political research (ECPR) general conference 2011.

Burgess, J., & Bruns, A. (2012). Twitter archives and the challenges of “Big Social Data” for media and communication research. M/C Journal, 15(5).

Callom, M. (1986). Some elements of a sociology of translation: domestication of the scallops and the fishermen of St Brieuc Bay. Social, S1(32), 196-233.

Callon, M. (1999). Actor-network theory: the market test. Social, 181-195.

Dabner, N. (2012). ‘Breaking Ground’ in the use of social media: A case study of a university earthquake response to inform educational design with Facebook. Internet and Higher Education, 15, 69 - 78.

Data Reportal. (2020). Digital 2020: Indonesia. Retrieved 04 10, 2020, from https:// datareportal.com/reports/digital2020-Indonesia

Fang, J., Hu, J., Shi, X., & Zhao, L. (2019). Assessing disaster impacts and response using media social data in china: A case study of 2016 Wuhan rainstorm. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 34, 275-282.

Fenwick, T., & Nerland, M. (2014). Reconceptualising Professional Learning. London: Routledge. Figueiredo,

F., & Jorge, A. (2019). Identifying topic relevant hashtags in Twitter streams. Information Sciences(505), 65-83.

Fuchs, C. (2014). Social media: A chritical Introduction. London: SAGE Publication.

Heverin, T., & Zach, L. (2010). Twitter for city police department information sharing. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, I(47), 1-7.

Heverin, T., & Zach, L. (2010). Twitter for city police department information sharing. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 47(I), 1-7.

Jacqui, E., Hamish, M., & Kate, A. (2016). Political communication and disasters: A four-country analysis of how politicans should talk before, during and after disasters. Discourse, Context and Media, 11, 3-11.

Jamali, M., Nejat, A., Ghosh, S., Jin, F., & Cao, G. (2019). Social media data dan post-disaster recovery. International Journal of Information Management, 44, 25-37.

Jingheng, L., Tianyang, X., & Yang, Y. (2020). Empowering knowledge: Political leaders, education, and economic liberalization. European Journal of Political Economy(61), 101823.

Kuo, R. (2018). Racial justice activist hashtag: Counterpublics and discourse circulation. New Media & Society, 2(20), 495-514.

Lachlan, K. A., Spence, P. R., & Eith, C. A. (2014). Risk, crisis, and emergency communication in developing countries: Identifying the needs of urban populations. In Strategic urban health communication (pp. 65-76). New York: Springer.

Landwehr, P. M., Wei, W., Kowalchuck, M., & Carley, K. M. (2016). Using tweets to support disaster planning, warning and response. Safety Science, 90, 33- 47.

Latour, B. (1996). Aramis or the love of technology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Layman, G. C. (1997). Religion and political behavior in the United States: the impact of beliefs, affiliations, and commitment from 1980 to 1994.

Opin Q. Maulana, A. (2020). Analisis Komunikasi Bencana di Twitter Pada Kasus Bencana Banjir di DKI Jakarta Periode 26 Kawistara, Vol. 11, No. 2, 22 Agustus 2021: 15-28 Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (2014-2017) dan Anies Rasyid Baswedan (2017- 2020). Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Tidak Dipublikasikan.

Meera, R. N., G, R. R., & P, B. S. (2017, August 22-24). Usage and analysis of Twitter during 2015 Chennai flood towards disaster management. Procedia Computer Science, pp. 350-358.

Miller, Arthur, H., Gurin, Patricia, Gerald, Malanchuk, & Oksana. (1981). Group consciousness and political participation. Am. J. Polit. Sci.

Ming, L., & Yiheng, Z. (2018). Discursive constructions of scientific (Un) certainty about the health risks of China air pollution: A corpus assisted discourse study. Language & Communication, 1-10.

Mutch, C. (2015). Leadership in times of crisis: Dispositional, relational and contextual factors influencing school principals’ actions. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 14, 186-194.

Nastaran, P., Selima, S., John, E., Amanda, G., & Somya, M. (2019). Understanding communication dynamics on Twitter during natural disaster: A case study of Hurricane study. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction(37).

Nugroho, S. P., Suprapto, & Pandanwangi, T. S. (2016). Kerjasama Sipil-Militer Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana (Studi Kasus Tanggap Darurat Banjir Jakarta 2013, 2014 dan 2015). Jurnal Dialog Penanggulangan Bencana, 7(2), 103-110.

Papadopoulou, E., Hasanagas, N., & Harvey, D. (2011). Analysis of rural development policy networks in Greece: Is LEADER really different? Land Use Policy(28), 663-673.

Papakyriakopoulos, O., Serrano, J. M., & Hegelich, S. (2020). Political communication on social media: A tale of hyperactive users and bias in recommender systems. Online Social Network and Media(15), 100058.

Partington, A. (2010). Modern Diachronic Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies (MD-CADS) on UK newspapers: an overview of the project. 5(2), 83-108.

Priest, S. H. (2010). Science Communication. Manhattan: Sage Publication.

Quinn, K. M., Monroe, B. L., Colaresi, M., Crespin, M. H., & Radev, D. R. (2010). How to analyze political attention with minimal assumptions and costs. American Journal of Political Science, 1(54), 209-228.

Ritzer, G. (2005). Encyclopedia of social theory (Vol 1 ed.). London: Sage Publishers.

Rivera, G. (2013). The use of Actor-Network Theory and a Practice-Based Approach to understand online community participation. Sheffield: Doctoral dissertation, University of Sheffield.

Shklovski, I., Burke, M., Kiesler, S., & Kraut, R. (2010). Technology adoption and use in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. American Behavioral Scientist, 8(53), 1228- 1246.

Shoji, M., Takafuji, Y., & Harada, T. (2020). Behavioral impact to disaster education: Evidence from a dancebased program in Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction(45), 101489.

Sifan, X., & Alvin, Z. (2020). Hashtag homophily in Twitter network: Examining a controversial cause-related marketing campaign. Computers in Human Behavior(102), 87-96.

Sun, L., Deng, Y., & Qi, W. (2018). Two impact pathways from religious belief to public disaster response: Findings from a literature review. 27 Ahmad Maulana -- Komunikasi Bencana di Twitter: Studi Kasus Bencana Banjir Perkotaan di Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota (DKI) Jakarta International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction(27), 588-595.

Suri, K. (2018). Understanding historical, cultural and religious framework of mountain communities and disasters in Nubra valley of Ladakh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction(31), 504-513.

Takahashi, B., Tandoe Jr, E. C., & Carmichael, C. (2015). Communicating on Twitter during a disaster: An analysis of tweets during Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. Computers in Human Behavior, 392-398.

Timmermans, J., Sander, V. H., & Marise, P. B. (2014). Policy entrepreneurs in sustainability transitions: Their personality and leadership profiles assessed. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions(13), 96-108.

Tulloch, J. C., & Zinn, J. O. (2011). Risk, health and media. Health Risk Soc, 13(1), 1-16.

Ussama, Y., Soon, A. C., Vijayalakshmi, A., & Jaideep, V. (2017). Analysis of Political Discourse on Twitter in the Context of the 2016 US Presidential Elections. Government Infomation Quarterly(34), 613-626.

We Are Social. (2019). The Global State of Digital. Retrieved 11 28, 2019, from https://wearesocial.com/ blog/2019/10/the-global-state-of digital-in-october-2019.

Wood, & Julia, T. (2004). Communication Theories in Action. Canda: Thomson Wadsworth Publishing.

Xianling, L., Spence, P. R., Sellnow, T. L., & Lachlan, K. A. (2016). Crisis communication, learning and responding: Best practices in social media. Computers in Human Behavior(65), 601-605.

Yaqub, U., Chun, S. A., Atluri, V., & Vaidya, J. (2017). Analysis of political discourse on twitter in the context of the 2016 US presidential elections. Government Information Quarterly(34), 613-626.

Zhang, C., Fan, C., Yao, W., Hu, X., & Mostafavi, A. (2019). Social media for intelligent public information and warning in disasters: A interdisciplinary review. International Journal of Information Management, 49, 190 - 207.

Zheye, W., Lam, N. S., Obradovich, N., & Ye, X. (2019). Are vulnerable communities digitally left behind in social responses to natural disasters? Evidence from Hurricane Sandy with Twitter data. Applied Geography, 108, 1-8.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.v11i2.58123

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 7664 | views : 5719

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Ahmad Maulana

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Kawistara is published by the Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada.