Honorarium, Aktris, Gender: Perempuan Pekerja Seni dalam Industri Perfilman Indonesia, 1950an-1970an

Indira Ardanareswari

doi:10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.45436

Honorarium, Aktris, Gender: Perempuan Pekerja Seni dalam Industri Perfilman Indonesia, 1950an-1970an

https://doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.45436

Indira Ardanareswari^(1*)

(1)
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Observing women as art workers, one can’t put away how women contribute to promote popular entertainment art such as movie. Women in the movie industry between 1950’s until 1970’s held extremely important roles. Big demands of women have given them freedom to participate in the works, choosing professions in the movie industry based upon their respective passion. In the development, they began to be driving forces of the expansion of public spaces for women in their locality, especially within the movie industry. These actresses were promoted intensively as a way to legitimate commercial movies. Apart from earning proper wages, they also were widely exposed but also objectified.

Keywords

film; actress; employment

Full Text:

PDF

References

Majalah dan Koran

Aneka, No.6 Th.1, 25 Mei 1950.

Aneka, No.24 Th. 2, 1 Januari 1951.

Berita Buana, 18 Januari 1978.

Kompas, 22 Desember 1971.

Nasional, Tanggal 6 Mei 1960.

Pos Film, 1 Januari 1978.

Laporan Penelitian

Darsiti Soeratman (1991). Pidato Ilmiah Dalam Rangka Acara Pembukaan Kuliah Program Pasca Sarjana Semester I (1991/1992): Wanita Indonesia: Lampau, Kini, dan Mendatang. Yogyakarta: Universitas Madjah Mada.

Mutiah Amini (2006). Research on Osaka City University: Fashion Show as Symbols of Urban Culture in Japan and Indonesia: A Historical Comparison. Yogyakarta: Universitas Madjah Mada.

Artikel

Jurnal Asrul Sani (1990), ‘Perkembangan Film Indonesia dan Kualitas Penonton’, dalam Prisma 4: 37.

Grace Swestin (2009). ‘In The Boy’s Club: A Historical Perspectiveon The Roles of Women In Indonesian Cinema 1926-May1998’, SCRIPTURA 3, 2: 103-114.

Buku

Asrul Sani (1997). Surat-surat Kepercayaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya. Blackburn, Susan (2011). Jakarta: Sejarah 400 Tahun. Jakarta: MansupJakarta.

Heide, Margaret J (1995). Television Culture and Women’s Lives: thrirtysomething and the Contradictions of Gender. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Heyzer, Noeleen (1986). Working Women in South-East Asia: Development, Subordination and Emancipation. Oxford: Alden Press.

Hollows, Joanne (2000). Feminisme, Feminitas, & Budaya Populer. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra.

Indira Ardanareswari (2018). Seks dalam Layar: Politik Seksual dalam Industri Film Indonesia, 1950-1992. Yogyakarta: Dialog Pustaka.

JB Kristanto (2007). Katalog Film Indonesia 1926-2007. Jakarta: Penerbit Nalar kerjasama Direktorat Perfilman, Department Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, GPBSI.

Khoo Gaik Cheng, Thomas Barker (eds.) (2011). Mau dibawa ke Mana Sinema Kita?: Beberapa Wacana Seputar Film Indonesia. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika. Locher-Scholten, Elsbeth. ‘Female Labour in Twentieth Century Java: European Notions – Indonesian Practice’, dalam Elsbeth Locher-Scholten & Anke Niehof, Indonesian Women in Focus. Leiden: Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal, 1987, hlm. 77.

Misbach Yusa Biran (2009). Sejarah Film Indonesia 1900-1950: Bikin Film di Jawa. Jakarta: Komunitas Bambu.

Rahayu Hartini (2008). ‘Empowering Role and Status Women in Public Sector’, dalam: Siti Hariti Sastriyani. Women in Public Sector. Yogyakarta: Pusat Studi Perempuan Universitas Gadjah Mada dan Tiara Wacana, hlm. 604.

Ratna Saptari (1997). ‘Kerja Perempuan dalam Ekonomi Perkotaan’, dalam: Ratna Saptari & Brigitte Holzner. Perempuan Kerja dan Perubahan Sosial: Sebuah Pengantar Studi Perempuan. Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti, hlm. 349.

Salim Said (1991). Pantulan Layar Putih: Film Indonesia dalam Kritik dan Komentar. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan.

__________ (1982). Profil Dunia Film Indonesia. Jakarta: Grafiti Pers.

Sen, Krishna (2009). Kuasa dalam Sinema: Negara, Masyarakat dan Sinema Orde Baru. Yogyakarta: Ombak.

Sita Aripurnami (1996). ‘Cengeng, Cerewet, Judes, Kurang Akal dan Buka-Bukaan: Gambaran Perempuan dalam Film Indonesia’, dalam: Mayling Oey-Gardiner, et.al, Perempuan Indonesia: Dulu dan Kini. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, hlm. 61.

This article endeavors to explore Ajeg Bali with special emphasis on mepeed ritual in traditional village of Pakraman Sukawati in post-Bali Bombing 2002. Analysis on this study focuses on how Ajeg Bali as a discourse could prompt changes occurred in Balinese society and how they shape Balinese identity. Firstly, this study tracks the advent of Ajeg Bali discourse by comparing practices of cultural preservation by Dutch colonial and New Order regime under Soeharto. Secondly, this study also observes position of Ajeg Bali discourse and how it affects society’s efforts to “protect” Bali. Thirdly, this article emphasizes on the mepeed ritual that transformed in Sukawati post-2002 especially in the spirit of Ajeg Bali. This study is a historical research that combines historical method and taking a cultural history point of view on explaining relation between mepeed and Ajeg Bali in Sukawati.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.45436

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2399 |

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View My Stats

Username
Password
Remember me