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Kajian Literatur : Efek Penggantian Terapi Antipsikotik Oral dengan Aripiprazole pada Terapi Skizofrenia
https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i1.101516 Karina Nurlitasari(1*), Bambang Hastha Yoga Legawa Budiman(2), Zullies Ikawati(3)
(1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Antipsikotik merupakan terapi utama pada skizofrenia. Regimen terapi antipsikotik yang bervariasi dapat memberikan manfaat dalam mengurangi gejala psikotik bersamaan dengan adanya risiko efek samping yang mengganggu kenyamanan pasien. Munculnya efek samping menjadi salah satu alasan utama penggantian antipsikotik. Aripiprazole memiliki aktivitas agonis parsial yang kuat pada reseptor dopamin D2 dan 5HT1A, juga memiliki aktivitas antagonis pada reseptor 5HT2A. Sifatnya pada reseptor tersebut dapat memperbaiki gejala positif, gejala kognitif, depresi, serta dapat memperbaiki gejala negatif dengan efek samping yang minimal. Review ini menilai beberapa efek yang timbul setelah penggantian terapi dari antipsikotik oral ke aripiprazole pada pasien skizofrenia. Sejumlah 6 studi dari Randomized Control Trial (RCT) dilibatkan dalam kajian literatur ini mengikuti daftar checklist PRISMA. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa peralihan ke aripiprazole secara signifikan dapat memperbaiki gejala dilihat dari penurunan nilai PANSS, menurunkan prolaktin pada hiperprolaktinemia akibat antipsikotik, perbaikan profil metabolik (penurunan berat badan, gula darah, dan hiperlipidemia), serta memberikan efek sedasi yang minimal tanpa memperburuk sindrom ekstrapiramidal. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa aripiprazole direkomendasikan untuk peralihan antipsikotik karena memberikan efektivitas yang stabil dengan resiko efek samping yang minimal.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i1.101516
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Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada
