Tinjauan Literatur: Trichoderma sebagai Sumber Penghasil Senyawa Sitotoksik yang Menjanjikan

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i1.105038

Nurhaliza Nurhaliza(1), Erna Prawita Setyowati(2*), Riris Istighfari Jenie(3)

(1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Biologi Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Kimia Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Trichoderma merupakan genus fungi yang memiliki aktivitas farmakologi beragam, seperti antifungi, antibakteri, agen biokontrol, dan antikanker. Meski diketahui memiliki aktivitas antikanker, studi mengenai jenis-jenis metabolit sekunder antikanker dari Trichoderma belum tersedia sehingga studi ini dinilai perlu untuk mengkaji potensi Trichoderma sebagai sumber senyawa antikanker melalui analisis aktivitas sitotoksiknya terhadap sel kanker. Tinjauan literatur ini menggunakan pustaka acuan yang mengacu pada pangkalan data Scopus dan Web of Science. Metodologi pemerolehan data menggunakan metode PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses). Dari 117 publikasi yang diperoleh, sebanyak 96 artikel dieksklusi karena tidak memenuhi kriteria sehingga hanya tersedia sebanyak 21 artikel yang dianalisis. Data kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk tabel yang memuat informasi spesies, nama senyawa, nilai IC50, dan metode uji sitotoksik yang digunakan. Trichoderma diketahui menghasilkan beragam metabolit sekunder yang bersifat sitotoksik. Adapun tiga contoh senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik sangat poten adalah isobisvertinol, 18-deoxycytochalasin H, dan harzianum A dengan nilai IC50 berturut-turut adalah 0.5 µM, 0.42 µM terhadap sel A2780, dan 0.65±0.03 µg/mL terhadap sel HT1080.


Keywords


Hypocrea; metabolit sekunder; uji sitotoksik; IC50

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i1.105038

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