Estimasi Nilai Years of Life Lost (YLL) Penyakit Kanker Akibat Secondhand Smoke di Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v16i2.49615

Kadek Ida Krisnadewi(1*), Susi Ari Kristina(2), Chirun Wiedyaningsih(3)

(1) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Paparan rokok pada perokok pasif  meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner dan stroke pada orang dewasa, dan juga gangguan pernafasan hingga kematian pada anak-anak. Perokok pasif menjadi penyebab 42.000 kematian pada kanker, dan sebanyak 7000 lebih kematian disebabkan oleh kanker paru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung beban ekonomi dari sisi Years of Life Lost (YLL). Estimasi nilai years of life lost  (YLL) untuk 6 penyakit kanker akibat perokok pasif diambil per kelompok jenis kelamin. YLL dihitung dengan mengalikan angka harapan hidup menurut standar WHO Life table dan estimasi kematian akibat kanker.Diperoleh hasil nilai YLL laki-laki dan perempuan apabila dijumlahkan yakni, nilai terbesar ialah pada kanker paru-paru (19.823 person years), diikuti dengan kanker kolon (19.007 person years), kanker pankreas (14.155 person years), kanker perut (3.372 person years), kanker kandung kemih (3.251 person years) dan kanker laring (1.242 person years). Kesimpulannya, terdapat 3 penyakit kanker akibat perokok pasif yang menimbulkan jumlah kehilangan tahun (akibat kematian dini YLL) terbesar ialah kanker paru-paru, kanker kolon dan kanker pankreas. Pertimbangan indikator YLL penting dilakukan sebagai sumber informasi dalam penentu kebijakan. Nilai YLL dari kanker paru cukup tinggi, hal ini perlu menjadi perhatian serius bagi pemerintah dan tenaga kesehatan agar lebih mewaspadai dan menghimbau terkait bahayanya paparan perokok pasif bagi masyarakat.


Keywords


Years of life lost; Kanker; Perokok pasif

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v16i2.49615

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