Potensi Bencana Alam di Kawasan Bekas Danau Purba Borobudur

Edi Widodo; Hastuti Hastuti; Muhsinatun Siasah Masruri

doi:10.22146/mgi.50260

Potensi Bencana Alam di Kawasan Bekas Danau Purba Borobudur

https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.50260

Edi Widodo^(1*), Hastuti Hastuti⁽²⁾, Muhsinatun Siasah Masruri⁽³⁾

(1) Pendidikan Geografi Program Magister, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Pendidikan Geografi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Kampus Karang Malang, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Pendidikan Geografi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Kampus Karang Malang, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Abstrak Bencana dapat terjadi kapan saja, dimana saja dan kepada siapa saja. Potensi bencana dapat terjadi tidak terkecuali di kawasan bekas Danau Purba Borobudur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bencana di kawasan bekas Danau Purba Borobudur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan trianggulasi teknik. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi bencana alam di kawasan bekas Danau Purba Borobudur meliputi gempa bumi, erupsi gunungapi, tanah longsor dan banjir.

Abstract Disasters can happen anytime, anywhere and to anyone. Potential disasters can occur not least in the area of the former Borobudur Ancient Lake. This study aims to determine the potential for disasters in the area of the former Borobudur Purba Lake. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data collection technique used technical triangulation. Data analysis using the Miles & Huberman model. The results showed the potential for natural disasters in the Ancient lake Borobudur former include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides and flooding.

Keywords

Bencana; Borobudur; Danau purba

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abidin, H.Z., Andreas, H., Meilano, I., Gamal, M., Gumilar, I., & Abdullah, C.I. (2009). Deformasi Koseismik dan Pascaseismik Gempa Yogyakarta 2006 Dari Hasil Survei GPS. Jurnal Geologi Indonesia, Vol. 4, No. 4.

Aeni, E.N., Arhananta., Putri, A.W., & Murwanto, H. (2018). Mengenal kipas aluvial kuarter utara perbukitan Menoreh dan implikasinya terhadap masswasting. Proceeding, Seminar Nasional Kebumian ke 11 “Perspektif ilmu kebumian dalam kajian bencana geologi di Indonesia, 5-6 September.

Ambarwati, I.W., Feranie, S., & Tohari, A. (2020). Analisis Potensi Likuifaksi Di Wilayah Cekungan Bandung Dengan Menggunakan Metode Uji Penetrasi Konus. RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan, Vol. 3, No. 1, Hal. 21-37.

Awang, H.S. (2007). Central Java, Indonesia – A “Terra Incognita” In Petroleum Exploration: New Considerations On The Tectonic Evolution And Petroleum Implications. Proceedings, Indonesian Petroleum Association Thirty-First Annual Convention and Exhibition, May.

Awang, H.S., & Margaretha, E.M.P. (2002). Lekukan struktur Jawa Tengah: suatu segmentasi sesar mendasar. Basement tectonics of central java, Indonesian Association Of Geologists (IAGI) Yogyakarta – Central Java Section “Geology Of Yogyakarta And Central Java”.

Bachri, B.S. (2010). Meyakinkan Validitas Data Melalui Trianggulasi Pada Penelitian Kualitatif. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, Vol. 10, No. 1, Hal. 46-62.

Baiquni, M. (2009). Belajar dari pasang surut peradaban Borobudur dan konsep pengembangan pariwisata Borobudur. Forum Geografi, Vol. 25, No.1, Juli, Hal. 25-40.

Balai Konservasi Peninggalan Borobudur. (2010). Kearsitekturan bangunan candi Borobudur. ISBN Seri Terbitan Candi Borobudur-3.

Bronto, S., Koswara, A., & Lumbanbatu, K. (2006). Stratigrafi Gunung Api Daerah Bandung Selatan, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Geologi Indonesia, Vol. 1, No. 2, Hal. 89-101.

Bronto, S., Ratdomopurbo, A., Asmoro, P., & Adityarani, M. (2014). Longsoran raksasa gunung api Merapi Yogyakarta-Jawa tengah. J.G.S.M, Vol. 15, No. 4, Hlm. 165-183.

Dewanti, R.A. (2018). Pesona Candi Borobudur Sebagai Wisata Budaya Di Jawa Tengah. Domestic Case Study Journal.

Dibyosaputro, S., Cahyadi, A., Nugraha, H., & Suprayogi, S. (2016). Estimasi dampak perubahan iklim terhadap kerawanan banjir lahar di Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Prosiding, Seminar Nasional Geografi UMS, Upaya Pengurangan Risiko Bencana Terkait Perubahan Iklim, Hlm. 162-169.

Djamal. (2017). Paradigma penelitian kualitatif, edisi revisi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Effendi, A.M., Ariyoga, N.M., & Rizkianto, Y. (2018). Kontrol struktur terhadap persebaran batuan pada daerah pegunungan Menoreh, Borobudur, Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Proceeding, Seminar Nasional Kebumian ke 11, perspektif ilmu kebumian dalam kajian bencana geologi di Indonesia 5-6 September. Hlm 1226-1236.

Findayani, A. (2015). Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Dalam Penanggulangan Banjir Di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Geografi, Vol. 12, No. 1.

Gertisser, R., Charbonnier, S.J., Troll, V.R., Keller, J., Preece, K., Chadwick, J.P., Barclay, J. & Herd, R.A. (2011). Merapi (Java, Indonesia): anatomy of a killer volcano. Geology Today, Vol. 27, No. 2, Hal. 57-62.

Gomez, C., Janin, M., Lavigne, F., Gertisser, R., Charbonnier, S., Lahitte, P., Hadmoko, S. R., Fort, M., Wassmer, P., Degroot, V., & Murwanto, H. (2010). Borobudur, a basin under volcanic influence: 361,000 years BP. Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved : Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Vol. 196 (2010) hlm. 245–264.

Hadmoko, D.S., Lavigne, F., Sartohadi, J., Hadi, P. & Winaryo. (2010). Landslide Hazard and Risk Assesment and Their Application In Risk Management and Landuse Planning In Eastern Flank Of Menoreh Mountains, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Nat Hazards, Vol. 54.

Haldoko, L.A., Muhammad, R., & Purwoko, A.W. (2014). Karakteristik batu penyusun candi Borobudur. Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur, Vol. 8, No. 1, Juni, Hal. 38-47.

Huang, F., Lin, H., & Chen, B. (2010). Development of virtual geographic environtments and geography research. Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, Vol. 33, Hal. 1–11.

Joesoef, D. (2015). Warisan umat manusia Borobudur. Jakarta: Kompas.

Kanki, K. (2016). Borobudur as cultural landscape – 10 years of international Borobudur field school activities with local initiatives. Proceeding of TCL 2016 Conference, Infota, Hal. 295-304.

Kinsley, S. (2014). The matter of “virtual” geographies. Progress in Human geography, Vol. 38, No. 3. Hal. 364–384.

Klokke, M.J. (2008). The Buddhist temples of the Śailendra dynasty in Central Java. Arts asiatiques, Vol. 63, Hal. 154-167.

Kusumayudha, S.B., Murwanto, H., Sutarto,. & Choiriyah, S.U. (2019). Volcanic Disaster and The Decline of Mataram Kingdom in The Central Java, Indonesia. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, J. Wasowski and T. Dijkstra (Eds.): GeoMEast 2018, SUCI, pp. 83–93, 2019.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02032-3_8.

Lavigne, F., Thouret, J.C., Voight, B., Suwa, H., & Sumaryono, A. (2000). Lahars at Merapi Volcano, Cantral Java: an Overview. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 100.

Lemke, K.A., & Ritter, M.E. (2000). Virtual geographies and the use of the internet for learning and teaching geography in higher education. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, Vol. 24, No. 1, Hal. 87-91.

Lestari, L. B., Mayang, A. Y., Budieny, H., & Darsono, S. (2017). Perencanaan sistem drainase Kabupaten Magelang. Jurnal Karya Teknik Sipil, Vol. 6, No. 1, Hlm. 356-365.

Lin, H., Chen, M., & Lu, G. (2012). Virtual geographic environment: a workspace for computer-aided geographic experiments. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 103, No. 3, Hal. 465-482.

Ludwig, G.S. (1999). Virtual geographic research teams: a case study. The Journal of Geography, Vol. 98, No. 3, Hal. 149-154.

Marfai, M.A., King, L., Singh, L.P., Mardiatno, D., Sartohadi, J., Hadmoko, D.S., & Dewi, A. (2008). Natural Hazards in Central Java Province, Indonesia: an Overview. Environ Geol, Vol. 56.

Maruyama, Y. (1993). Influence of rapid geomorphological change by volcanic activity on flood and inundation in the Mt. Merapi area, Central Java, Indonesia. GeoJournal, Vol. 31, No. 4, Hlm. 340-342.

McColl, R.W. (2005). Encyclopedia of World Geography, Volume 1. New York: Facts on Files, inc.

Miles, M.B. & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis Second edition. California, SAGE Publications.

Mulyaningsih, S., Sampurno., Zaim, Y., Puradimaja, D. J., Bronto, S., & Siregar, D. A. (2006). Perkembangan Geologi Pada Kwarter Awal Sampai Masa Sejarah di Dataran Yogyakarta. Jurnal Geologi Indonesia.1(2). Hlm 103-113.

Murwanto, H., Gunnell, Y., Suharsono, S., Sutikno, S., & Lavigne, F. (2004). Borobudur monument (Java, Indonesia) stood by a natural lake: chronosstratigraphic evidence and historical implications. Journal A Holocene Research Report.

Murwanto, H., Purwoarminta, A., & Siregar, D.A. (2014). Pengaruh tektonik dan longsor lahan terhadap perubahan bentuk lahan di bagian selatan Danau Purba Borobudur. Jurnal Lingkungan dan Bencana Geologi, Vol. 5 No. 2 agustus, Hlm 143-158.

Murwanto, H. (2015). Penelusuran Jejak Lingkungan Danau Purba Di Sekitar Candi Borobudur Dengan Pendekatan Paleogeomorfologi. Universitas Gadjah Mada: Ringkasan Disertasi.

Murwanto, H., Sutarto, Purwoarminta, A., & Sulaksono, A. (2018). Geohazard Assesment in Borobudur Temple Area, Central Java, Indonesia. ICEMINE IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environtment Science 212.

Nagai, N. (2012). Disaster tourism the role of tourism in post-disaster period of great east japan earthquake. The Hague: International Institute of social studies.

Newhall, C. G., Bronto, S., Alloway, B., Banks, N. G., Bahar, I., Del Marmol, M. A., Hadisantono, R. D., Halcomb, R. T., Mcgeehin, J., Miksic, J. N., Rubin, M., Sayudi, S. D., Sukhyar, R., Andreastuti, S., Tilling, R. I., Torley, R., Trimble, D., & Wirakusumah, A. D. (2000). 10,000 Years of explosive of Merapi Vulcano, Central Java : archeological and modern implications. Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved : Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Vol. 100, Hlm. 9-50.

Noji, E.K. (2005). Public health issues in disasters. Journal Critical Care Medical, Vol. 33, No. 1, Hal. 29-33.

Nurwidyanto, M.I., Indriana, R.D., & Darwis, Z.T. (2007). Pemodelan Zona Sesar Opak Di Daerah Pleret Bantul Yogyakarta Dengan Metode Gravitasi. Berkala fisika, Vol. 10, N0. 1.

Perdana, F.D. (2018). Candi Borobudur Sebagai Destinasi Unggulan Di Magelang. Domestic Case Study Journal.

Peta administrasi Jawa Tengah. (2015).

Plummer, C. C., Carlson, D. H., & Hammersley, L. (2016). Physical geology. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Education.

Rahardjo, W., Sukandarrumidi, & Rosidi, H.M.D. (1995). Peta geologi lembar Yogyakarta. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi.

Rahmi, D.H., Sudibyakto, H.A., Sutikno, H., & Adhisakti, L.T. (2012). Pusaka Saujana Borobudur: Perubahan dan Kontinuitasnya. Jurnal Manusia dan LingkunganVol. 19, No. 1, Hal. 85-94.

Rakhman, A.N., & Kuswardani, I. (2012). Studi Kasus Gempa Bumi Yogyakarta 2006: Pemberdayaan Kearifan Lokal Sebagai Modal Masyarakat Tangguh Menghadapi Bencana. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Aplikasi Sains & Teknologi (SNAST) Periode III Yogyakarta, 3 November 2012.

Republik Indonesia. (2007). Undang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanggulangan Bencana.

Republik Indonesia. (2015). Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Balai Konservasi Borobudur.

Santikno, H. (2016). Identification Of Karmawibhangga Reliefs At Candi Borobudur. Amerta, Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi, Vol. 34, No. 2, Hal. 81-152.

Saputra, A., Gomez, C., Delikostidis, I., Zawar-reza, P., Hadmoko, D.S., Sartohadi, J., & Setiawan, M.A. (2018). Determining Earthquake Suceptible Areas Southeast of Yogyakarta, Indonesia-Outcrop Analysis From Structure From Motion (SfM) and Geographic Information System (GIS). Geosciences, Vol. 8. 132.

Setyowati, S., Hadi, B.S., Ashari, A. (2013). Pengembangan sistem informasi bahaya erupsi untuk pengelolaan kebencanaan di lereng selatan gunung merapi. Majalah Geografi Indoensia, Vol. 7, No. 2, September, Hal. 138-148.

Soediman. (1973). Borobudur, Indonesian cultural heritage. Studies in Conservation, Vol. 18, No. 3, Hal. 102-112.

Soeroso, A. (2007). Konservasi lingkungan kawasan Borobudur dengan manajemen berbasis pada pembangunan masyarakat lokal. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, Vol. 12, No. 1, April, Hal. 49-67.

Soeroso, A. (2010). Politokomi pilihan pengembangan ekowisata kawasan Borobudur. Kinerja, Vol. 14, No. 2, Hal. 196-211.

Solem, M.N. (2000). The virtual geography department: assesing an agent of change in geography education. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, Vol. 24, No. 3, Hal. 353-364.

Sudibyakto. (2011). Manajemen Bencana Di Indonesia Ke Mana?. Yogyakarta : Gadjah Mada University Press.

Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Suhartini, E., & Arifiyanti, J. (2018). Daerah pasca bencana, daya tarik tersendiri bagi pariwisata Indonesia. Journal of Tourism and Creativity, Vol. 2, No. 1, Hal. 35-46.

Sulaeman, C., Dewi, L.C., & Triyono, W. (2008). Karakterisasi Sumber Gempa Yogyakarta 2006 Berdasarkan Data GPS. Jurnal Geologi Indonesia, Vol. 3, No. 1.

Sunarjo, Gunawan, M.T., & Pribadi, S. (2012). Gempa bumi. Jakarta: Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika.

Sutikno., Santosa, L.W., Widiyanto., Kurniawan, A., dan Purwanto, T.H. (2007). “Kerajaan Merapi” Sumberdaya Alam dan Daya Dukungnya. Yogyakarta: BPFG UGM.

Syaifuddin, A., & Purwohandoyo, J. (2019). Pengaruh Perkembangan Pariwisata Terhadap Karakteristik Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Sekitar Candi borobudur. Jurnal Geografi Gea, Vol. 9, No. 1.

Thornbury, W. D. (1969). Principles of Geomorphology (2^rd ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Voute, C. (1973). The Restoration and Conservation Project of Borobudur Temple, Indonesia. Studies in Conservation, Vol. 18, Hal. 113-130.

Widhianningrum, P., Sukoharsono, E.G., & Rosidi. (2019). Social Accounting and Ancient Javanese Society: The Case of Borobudur Temple. De Computis, Vol. 16. No. 2.

Wilson, R., Wallace, C., & Farrington, J.H. (2015). A virtual geography of the Scottish Islands. Scottish Geographical Journal, Vol. 131, No. 3–4, Hal. 228–244, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14702541.2015.1034761.

Xu, B., Lin, H., Chiu, L., Hu, Y., Zhu, J., Hu, M., & Cui, W. (2011). Collaborative virtual geographic environments: a case study of air pollution simulation. Information Sciences, Vol. 181, Hal. 2231-2246.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.50260