Deformasi Slot Beberapa Produk Braket Stainless Steel Akibat Gaya Torque Pada Kawat Stainless Steel

Abstract

Deformasi slot braket dapat mengurangi besar gaya torque  yang akan dihantarkan ke gigi dan jaringan pendukungnya. Beberapa braket stainless steel yang beredar dipasaran belum pernah diteliti kualitasnya dalam perawatan ortodonsi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membandingkan besar gaya torque akibat sudut puntir 30° 45°  kawat stainless steel dan deformasi slot permanen akibat gaya torque tersebut antara kelompok merk braket (3M, Biom, Versadent, Ormco dan Shinye). Penelitian dilakukan pada lima puluh braket stainless steel edgewise dari lima kelompok merk braket (n=10) di lem ke akrilik. Masing-masing braket dilakukan pengukuran tinggi slot dengan mikroskop stereoskopi lalu dipasang ke alat uji torque yang sudah dibuat untuk penelitian ini. Setelah dilakukan uji torque, braket di ukur kembali tinggi slotnya dan dibandingkan dengan pengukuran sebelumnya untuk mengetahui adanya deformasi slot. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna besar gaya torque pada sudut puntir 30° dan 45° antara Biom dan Shinye dengan Omrco. Gaya torque paling besar yaitu pada merk braket 3M (30°= 442,12 gmcm dan 45°= 567,99 gmcm), sedangkan yang terkecil adalah Biom (30°= 285,50 gmcm, 45°=361,38 gmcm). Perbedaan deformasi slot braket terjadi hampir pada semua kelompok merk braket. Deformasi slot braket hanya terjadi pada merk braket Biom (2,82 µm) dan Shinye (2,52 µm). Kesimpulan, salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi besar gaya torque dan terjadinya deformasi slot yaitu komposisi dan proses manufaktur dari braket stainless steel. Proses manufaktur yang tidak sesuai standar dapat menyebabkan kualitas braket yang buruk. Deformasi slot permanen dalam penelitian ini terjadi pada merek braket Biom dan Shinye.

Slot Deformation of Various Stainless Steel Bracket Due to Torque Expression On The Wire. Bracket slot deformation can reduce the amount of torque that will be transmitted to teeth and supporting tissues. The quality of some stainless steel brackets in the market is still questionable for orthodontic treatments. This research aims to compare the amount of torque expression due to torsion angle of 30° and 45° at the stainless steel wire and bracket slot permanent deformation caused by the torque in each examined bracket brands (3M, Biom, Versadent, Ormco and Shinye). Fifty Stainless Steel Edgewise brackets from five different brands (n = 10) were attached onto an acrylic. Each bracket slot width was measured with a stereoscopic microscope and then mounted onto a torque apparatus that had been prepared for this study. Once the torque test was done, the width of bracket slot was re-measured to determine if there was a difference from initial bracket slot width at 45°. The results of ANOVA showed significant differences in the amount of torque at torsion angle of 30°and 45° between Biom and Shinye with Omrco. The 3M transmitted the highest load (30°= 442,12 gmcm and 45°= 567,99 gmcm), while the lowest was of Biom (300  = 285,50 gmcm and 450 = 361,38 gmcm). Differences in slot bracket deformation were found virtually in all groups of bracket brands. Deformation of bracket slots occurs only in Biom (2.82 µm) and Shinye (2.52 µm). From the observation, it is concluded that one of the major factors that affect torque and deformation of bracket slot is composition and manufacturing process of the stainless steel brackets. Manufacturing process that does not meet the standard can lead to a poor quality bracket. Permanent slot deformation in this study occurrs with Biom and Shinye bracket brands.