Analisis Network Learning dalam Pariwisata Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus Desa Wisata Pulesari
Imma Salistya Sari(1*), Agustina Kustulasari(2)
(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstrak
Perkembangan desa wisata di Indonesia condong kepada peningkatan kuantitas bukan kualitas. Hal tersebut diakibatkan dari kurangnya inovasi dalam pengelolaannya, sehingga banyak desa wisata menjadi stagnan. Dalam praktiknya, pengelolaan atau manajemen desa wisata menjadi faktor kunci dalam pengembangan desa wisata itu sendiri. Namun, pengembangan desa wisata sendiri hanya berdasarkan kebutuhan dan kesadaran masyarakat selaku pengelola, sehingga maju atau tidaknya tergantung dari masyarakat itu sendiri. Dalam hal ini, keterlibatan berbagai stakeholder dalam sebuah jejaring menjadi hal yang penting. Maka dari itu, analisis network learning menjadi menarik karena network learning mampu menghasilkan pembelajaran (learning) berupa perubahan tata kelola organisasi dalam konteks berjejaring, sehingga pengelolaannya tidak hanya berporos pada satu pihak. Network learning dapat dilihat dari outcome yang dihasilkan seperti perubahan kognitif, sikap, maupun perubahan integratif (Crossan, Lane, White, & Djurfeldt, 1995)dan bisa terjadi di berbagai level (Knight, 2002). Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kualitatif dengan metode wawancara semi-terstruktur serta triangulasi data untuk memvalidasi hasil penelitian. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan data primer dan sekunder serta menggunakan snowball dalam menentukan sample yang diteliti. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Desa Wisata Pulesari tidak mengalami network learning, namun terdapat pembelajaran di level organisasi atau organisasi belajar didalam jejaring. Sehingga Desa Wisata Pulesari mengalami pembelajaran tanpa mempengaruhi hubungan dalam berjejaring.
Abstract
The development of tourism villages in Indonesia is inclined to increase quantity over quality. This is caused by the lack of innovation in its management, so that many tourist villages become stagnant. In practice, management of tourism villages is a key factor in the development of tourism villages themselves. However, the development of the tourism village itself is only based on the needs and awareness of the community as the manager, so that progress is just depends on the community itself. In this case, the involvement of various stakeholders in a network becomes important. Therefore, network learning analysis becomes interesting because network learning is able to produce learning in the form of changes in organizational governance in the context of networking, so that management is not just handled by the community. Network learning can be seen from the resulting outcomes such as cognitive changes, behaviour, and integrative changes (Crossan et al., 1995) and also can occur at various levels (Knight, 2002). This study uses a qualitative study with a semi-structured interview method and data triangulation to validate the results. This study also uses primary and secondary data and uses snowball to determine the sample under study. Research shows that Pulesari Tourism Village does not experience network learning, but there is learning at the organizational level or organizations learns within a network. So Pulesari Tourism Village experiences learning without affecting relationships in networking.Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bartelings, J., Goedee, J., Raab, J., & Bijl, R. (2017). The nature of orchestrational work. Public management review, 19(3), 342-360.
Beckman, C., & Haunschild, P. (2002). Network learning: The effects of partners' heterogeneity of experience on corporate acquisitions. Administrative science quarterly, 47(1), 92-124.
Beeby, M., & Booth, C. (2000). Networks and inter‐organizational learning: a critical review. The learning organization.
Chaves, R., & Monzón, J. (2012). Beyond the crisis: the social economy, prop of a new model of sustainable economic development. Service Business, 6(1), 5-26.
CNNIndonesia.com. (2017, Mei 7). Pesona Desa Wisata Pulesari di Yogyakarta. Retrieved November 11, 2019, from CNNIndonesia.com: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20170507150029-307-212925/pesona-desa-wisata-pulesari-di-yogyakarta
Creswell, J. (2015). 30 essential skills for the qualitative researcher. Sage Publications.
Crnogaj, K., Rebernik, M., Bradac Hojnik, B., & Omerzel Gomezelj, D. (2014). Building a model of researching the sustainable entrepreneurship in the tourism sector. Kybernetes, 377-393.
Crossan, M., Lane, H., White, R., & Djurfeldt, L. (1995). Organizational learning: Dimensions for a theory. The international journal of organizational analysis, 3(4), 337-360.
Denhardt, J., & Denhardt, R. (2015). The new public service revisited. Public Administration Review, 75(5), 664-672.
Dunford, R., & Jones, D. (2000). Narrative in stractegic change. Human relations, 53(9), 1207-1226.
Faizal, A., Samawi, F., & Hamzah, H. (2016). Studi Awal: Desain Jejaring Kawasan Konservasi Perairan di Pantai Barat Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Administrasi dan Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia, 2(2).
Gerlak, A., & Heikkila, T. (2011). Building a theory of learning in collaboratives: Evidence from the Everglades Restoration Program. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 21(4), 619-644.
Halme, M. (2001). Learning for sustainable development in tourism networks. Business strategy and the Environment, 10(2), 100-114.
Hartley, J., & Allison, M. (2002). Good, better, best? Inter-organizational learning in a network of local authorities. Public Management Review, 4(1), 101-118.
Heale, R., & Forbes, D. (2013). Understanding triangulation in research. Evidence-Based Nursing, 16(4), 98-98.
Heikkila, T., & Gerlak, A. (2013). Building a conceptual approach to collective learning: Lessons for public policy scholars. Policy Studies Journal, 41(3), 484-512.
Indrasetianingsih, A., Damayanti, I., & Susanto, T. (2017). Analisis Arima Box Jenkins untuk Peramalan Jumlah Kunjungan wisatawan Mancanegara di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Matematika dan Aplikasinya. Malang: UNAIR. Retrieved November 12, 2019, from http://matematika.fst.unair.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/34-Artanti__Statistika_.pdf
Inkpen, A., & Crossan, M. (1995). Believing is seeing: Joint ventures and organization learning. Journal of management Studies, 32(5), 595-618.
Irwin, S. (2013). Qualitative secondary data analysis: Ethics, epistemology and context. Progress in Development Studies, 13(4), 295-306.
Jamal, T., Taillon, J., & Dredge, D. (2011). Sustainable tourism pedagogy and academic-community collaboration: A progressive service-learning approach. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 11(2), 133-147.
Jogja.antaranews.com. (2013, Januari 15). Beberapa Desa Wisata di Sleman Tidak Berkembang. Retrieved Mei 30, 2020, from Jogja.antaranews.com: https://jogja.antaranews.com/berita/307568/beberapa-desa-wisata-di-sleman-tak-berkembang
Kallio, H., Pietilä, A., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: developing a framework for a qualitative semi‐structured interview guide. Journal of advanced nursing, 72(12), 2954-2965.
Kinder, T. (2012). Learning, innovating and performance in post-new public management of locally delivered public services. Public Management Review, 14(3), 403-428.
Knight, L. (2002). Network learning: Exploring learning by interorganizational networks. Human relations, 55(4), 427-454.
Knight, L., & Pye, A. (2009). Network learning: An empirically derived model of learning by groups of organizations. Human Relations, 58(3), 369-392.
Koutsouris, A. (2009). Social learning and sustainable tourism development; local quality conventions in tourism: A Greek case study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(5), 567-581.
Manaf, A., Purbasari, N., Damayanti, M., Aprilia, N., & Astuti, W. (2018). Community-Based Rural Tourism in Inter-Organizational Collaboration: How Does It Work Sustainably? Lessons Learned from Nglanggeran Tourism Village, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sustainability, 10(7), 21-42.
Mangra, M., Cotoc, E., & Dumitru, A. (2014). Sustainable Economic Development Through Environmental Management Systems Implementation. Journal of Studies in Social Sciences, 6(1), 1-14.
Morrison, A., Lynch, P., & Johns, N. (2004). International tourism networks. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 16(3), 197-202.
Newig, J., Günther, D., & Pahl-Wostl, C. (2010). Synapses in the network: learning in governance networks in the context of environmental management. Ecology and Society, 15(4).
Pamungkas, G. (2013). Ekowisata belum milik bersama: kapasitas jejaring stakeholder dalam pengelolaan ekowisata (studi kasus: Taman Nasional Gunung Gede PangraLSM). Journal of Regional and City Planning, 24(1), 49-64.
Putri, N., & Artiningsih, A. (2019). Pola Jejaring Kerjasama Stakeholder Dalam Ketahanan Sosial dan Ekonomi Di Kampung Akuaponik, Kota Semarang. Jurnal Riptek, 11(2), 23-38.
Rabionet, S. (2011). How I Learned to Design and Conduct Semi-structured Interviews: An OLSMing and Continuous Journey. The Qualitative Report, 563-566.
Raco, J. (2010). Metode Penelltlan Kualltatlf: Jenis, Karakteristik, dan Keunggulannya. Jakarta: PT. Grasindo.
Ratner, S., & Markley, D. (2014). Rural wealth creation as a sustainable economic development strategy: introduction to the special issue. Journal of Community Development, 45(5), 435-442.
Robertson, P. (2011). An assessment of collaborative governance in a network for sustainable tourism: the case of RedeTuris. International Journal of Public Administration, 34(5), 279-290.
Škerlavaj, M., Dimovski., V., Mrvar, A., & Pahor, M. (2010). Intra-organizational learning networks within knowledge-intensive learning environments. Interactive learning environments, 18(1), 39-63.
Solopos.com. (2012, Juni 26). Separuh desa Wisata di Sleman Stagnan. Retrieved Juni 2, 2020, from Solopos.com: https://www.solopos.com/separuh-desa-wisata-di-sleman-stagnan-196848
Sutawa, G. (2012). Issues on Bali tourism development and community empowerment to support sustainable tourism development. Procedia economics and finance, 413-422.
Syaifulloh, M. (2017). Strategi Pengembangan Desa Wisata Pulesari Sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Di Sleman Yogyakarta. Kepariwisataan: Jurnal Ilmiah, 11(1).
Tjayadhi, B. (2018). Efektivitas Promosi Pantai Papuma Jember Melalui Media Jejaring Sosial. Sadar Wisata, 1(1), 45-55.
Tschakert, P., & Dietrich, K. (2010). Anticipatory learning for climate change adaptation and resilience. Ecology and society, 15(2).
Tynjälä, P. (2008). Perspectives into learning at the workplace. Educational research review, 3(2), 130-154.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jnp.60400
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 6636 | views : 5186Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Nasional Pariwisata
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
| PUSAT STUDI PARWISATA – Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur Blok D-8, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman YOGYAKARTA, 55281 Telp. (0274) 564138 Faks. (0274) 564138 Email: pusparjnp@ugm.ac.id |