Evaluation of Hypertension-Related Knowledge, Medication Compliance, and Associated Factors Among Patients at Sukoharjo District Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.24973Keywords:
Hypertension, Patient Knowledge, Medication Adherence, Sociodemographic Determinants, Public Hospital, IndonesiaAbstract
Suboptimal blood pressure control among hypertensive patients is often attributed to inadequate knowledge and poor adherence to antihypertensive medication. Understanding how sociodemographic factors influence these variables is essential for optimizing chronic disease management, particularly in regional healthcare settings. To examine the associations between patient sociodemographic characteristics, hypertension-related knowledge, and medication adherence among outpatients at a public regional hospital in Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study included 702 hypertensive patients attending RSUD Sukoharjo. The Hypertension Knowledge Level Scale (HKLS) and Morisky Green Levine Scale (MGLS) were used to assess knowledge and adherence, respectively. Instrument validity and reliability were evaluated using Pearson correlation and Cronbach’s alpha. Associations between demographic variables and outcomes were analyzed using chi-square tests. The results Both HKLS and MGLS demonstrated good validity (r = 0.429–0.602 and 0.584–0.621) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.872 and 0.743). Most patients exhibited moderate knowledge (49.7% correct responses) and moderate adherence (86.3%). Significant associations were found between knowledge level and age (p = 0.015), education (p < 0.001), and smoking status (p = 0.041). Similarly, adherence was significantly associated with age (p = 0.022), education (p < 0.001), and smoking behavior (p = 0.008). Age, educational attainment, and smoking behavior are significantly associated with patient knowledge and medication adherence in hypertension management. These findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to improve health literacy and adherence behaviors, particularly in regional and resource-limited healthcare settings.
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