Sex-dependent variations in anti-nociceptive and antipyretic effects of rhizome and stem extract of Schumannianthus dichotomus Roxb. in male and female mice
anti-nociceptive and antipyretic effects of rhizome and stem extract of Schumannianthus dichotomus Roxb.
Keywords:
Schumannianthus dichotomus, swiss albino mice, sex dimorphism, antinociceptive, antipyretic
Abstract
Schumannianthus dichotomus (Roxb.) is a perennial shrub from Marantaceace family. In traditional medicine, rhizome of the plant is used in fever and stem is used in earache. We aimed to substantiate these therapeutic claims by examining their effects in mice model. Antinociceptive effect was evaluated by three pain models and antipyretic effect was tested by yeast induced hyperthermia experiment. Influence of mice sexes on these pharmacological effects was examined by performing experiments separately on male and female mice. Quantitative analyses of total phenols and flavonoids were performed. Antinociceptive effects showed striking sex dimorphism. In hind paw licking test, male mice showed significant reductions in licking in both phases for both rhizome and stem extracts while significant effect was observed only in late phase in female mice. In writhing test, antinociception is more profound in male than in female. In hot plate test, stem was more effective than rhizome in male mice while female mice produced little effect for both extracts. Antipyretic experiment also showed varied effect in male and female mice; both extracts showed significant decrease in body temperatures. Rhizome showed greater effect in female mice while stem was more effective in male mice. Total phenol and flavonoid in rhizome were found 103.08 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent) and 9.07mg QE (quercetin equivalent) respectively while in stem, these were 43.39mg GAE and 20.93 QE. Antinociceptive and antipyretic effects of rhizome and stem extracts endorsed the traditional uses of S. dichotomus. Also, differential effects based on mouse sex indicate the prerequisite of both male and female mice model in therapeutic evaluations of plant extract.
References
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Bhuiya, NMA., Hasan, M., Al Mahmud, Z., Qais, N., Kabir, MSH., Ahmed, F, et al., 2017. In vivo analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory potential of leaf extracts and fractions of Eria javanica. Int. J. Complement. Altern. Med. 14(1): 20160040.
Boussouf, L., Boutennoune, H., Kebieche, M., Adjeroud, N., Al-Qaoud, K., Madani, K, 2017. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant effects of phenolic compound from Algerian Mentha rotundifolia L. leaves on experimental animals. S. Aft. J. Bot. 113: 77-83.
Chen, H., Pu, J., Liu, D., Yu, W., Shao, Y., Yang, G, et al., 2016. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of flavonoids from the fruits of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.). PloS one 11(4).
Cicero, TJ., Nock, B., Meyer, ER, 1996. Gender-related differences in the antinociceptive properties of morphine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 279: 767-773.
Collier, HOJ., Dinneen, LC., Johnson, CA., Schneider, C, 1968. The abdominal constriction response and its suppression by analgesic drugs in the mouse. Br. J. Pharmacol. Chemother. 32: 295-310.
Davidson, EM., Carlton, SM, 1998. Intraplantar injection of dextrorphan, ketamine or memantine attenuates formalin-induced behaviors. Brain. Res. 785(1): 136-142.
Dina, OA., Aley, KO., Isenberg, W., Messing, RO., Levine, JD, 2001. Sex hormones regulate the contribution of PKC and PKA signaling in inflammatory pain in the rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 13: 2227-2233.
Dubuisson, D., Dennis, SG, 1977. The formalin test: a quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats. Pain. 4(2): 161-174.
Eskilsson, A., Matsuwaki, T., Shionoya, K., Mirrasekhian, E., Zajdel, J., Schwaninger, M, et al., 2017. Immune-induced fever is dependent on local but not generalized prostaglandin E2 synthesis in the brain. J. Neurosci. 37(19): 5035-5044.
Evans, WC. 2009. Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy Ed.^Eds. 16th ed.Nottingham, UK: Saunders Ltd. pp.
Fatehi-Hassanabad, Z., Jafarzadeh, M., Fafehi, M., Razavi-Tossi, MT, 2005. Sex affects the feeling of pain in the mice, possible involvement of nitric oxide. DARU J. Pharm. Sci. 13(3): 116-119.
Ferdous, M., Daula, AFMSU., Naznin, S., Yeasmin, F., Basher, MA, 2020. Analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative-like activities of leaves of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe in mice. J. Med. Plants Res. 14(4): 155-163.
Gomathi, R., Manian, S, 2015. Analgesic and acetylcholinesterase inhibition potential of polyphenols from Scolopia crenata (Flacourtiaceae): An endemic medicinal plant of India. Ind. Crop Prod. 73: 134-143.
Gregory, MS., A.Duffner, L., L.Hahn, E., Hsin-HsiungTai., E.Faunce, D., J.Kovacs, E, 2000. Differential production of prostaglandin E2 in male and female mice subjected to thermal injury contributes to the gender difference in immune function: possible role for 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase. Cell. Immunol. 205(2): 94-102.
Hunskaar, S., Hole, K, 1987. The formalin test in mice: dissociation between inflammatory and non-inflammatory pain. Pain. 30(1): 103-114.
Kepler, KL., Standifer, KM., Paul, D., Kest, B., Pasternak, GW., Bodnar, RJ, 1991. Gender effects and central opioid analgesia. Pain. 45(1): 87-94.
Kim, DW. Yao, Z. Graybuck, LT. Kim, TK. Nguyen, TN. Smith, KA, et al., 2019. Multimodal analysis of cell types in a hypothalamic node controlling social behavior. Cell 179(3): 713-728 e717.
Lander, ES., Linton, LM., Birren, B., Nusbaum, C., Zody, MC., Baldwin, J, et al., 2001. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature 409(6822): 860-921.
Lee, B-W., Park, J-G., Ha, TKQ., Pham, HTT., An, J-P., Noh, J-R, et al., 2019. Constituents of the edible leaves of Melicope pteleifolia with potential analgesic activity. J. Nat. Prod. 82(8): 2201-2210.
Linhart, O., Obreja, O., Kress, M, 2003. The inflammatory mediators serotonin, prostaglandin E2 and bradykinin evoke calcium influx in rat sensory neurons. Neuroscience 118(1): 69-74.
Mandal, RN., Bar, R., Chakrabarti, PP, 2014. ‘Pati bet’, Schumannianthus dichotomus (Roxb.) Gagnep. - a raw material for preparation of livelihood supporting handicrafts. Indian J. Nat. Prod. Resour. 5(4): 365-370.
Maneenoon, K., Khuniad, C., Teanuan, Y., Saedan, N., Prom-in, S., Rukleng, N, et al., 2015. Ethnomedicinal plants used by traditional healers in Phatthalung Province, Peninsular Thailand. J Ethnobiol. Ethnomed. 11(43): 1-20.
Matsumura, K., Cao, C., Ozaki, M., Morii, H., Nakadate, K., Watanabe, Y, 1998. Brain endothelial cells express cyclooxygenase-2 during lipopolysaccharide-induced fever: light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical studies. J. Neurosci. 18(16): 6279-6289.
McLaren, A, 1961. Some causes of variation of body temperature in mice. Exper. Physiol. 46(1): 38-45.
Mizokami, SS., Arakawa, NS., Ambrosio, SR., Zarpelon, AC., Casagrande, R., Cunha, TM, et al., 2012. Kaurenoic Acid from Sphagneticola trilobata Inhibits Inflammatory Pain: Effect on Cytokine Production and Activation of the NO–Cyclic GMP–Protein Kinase G–ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Signaling Pathway. J. Nat. Prod. 75(5): 896-904.
Mohar, I., Stamper, BD., Rademacher, PM., White, CC., Nelson, SD., Kavanagh, TJ, 2014. Acetaminophen-induced liver damage in mice is associated with gender-specific adduction of peroxiredoxin-6. Redox Biol. 2: 377-387.
Muhammad, A. Khan, B. Iqbal, Z. Khan, AZ. Khan, I. Khan, K, et al., 2019. Viscosine as a Potent and Safe Antipyretic Agent Evaluated by Yeast-Induced Pyrexia Model and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS Omega 4(10): 14188-14192.
Neethu, V., Latha, PG., Suja, SR., Vilash, V., Ragesh, R., Shoumya, S, et al., 2017. Hepatoprotective property of Schumannianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Rolfe against D-galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats. Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(7): 2301-2307.
Nguyen, TD., Thuong, PT., Hwang, IH., Hoang, TKH., Nguyen, MK., Nguyen, HA, et al., 2017. Anti-hyperuricemic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. resulting from the fraction with high phenolic content. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 17(1): 191.
Nieto, FR., Cobos, EJ., Entrena, JM., Parra, A., García-Granados, A., Baeyens, JM, 2013. Antiallodynic and analgesic effects of maslinic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid from Olea europaea. J. Nat. Prod. 76(4): 737-740.
Nishikawa, S., Yasoshima, A., Doi, K., Nakayama, H., Uetsuka, K, 2007. Involvement of sex, strain and age factors in high fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J and BALB/cA mice. Exp Anim. 56(4): 263-272.
OECD. (2001). Guideline for testing of chemicals. Guidance #423. Acute oral toxicity- acute toxic class method. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org
Oka, T., Oka, K., Kobayashi, T., Sugimoto, Y., Ichikawa, A., Ushikubi, F, et al., 2003. Characteristics of thermoregulatory and febrile responses in mice deficient in prostaglandin EP1 and EP3 receptors. J. Physiol. 551(Pt 3): 945-954.
Owoyele, BV., Oguntoye, SO., Dare, K., Ogunbiyi, BA., Aruboula, EA., Soladoye, AO, 2008. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities from flavonoid fractions of Chromolaena odorata. J. Med. Plants Res. 2(9): 219-225.
Pace, S., Rossi, A., Krauth, V., Dehm, F., Troisi, F., Bilancia, R, et al., 2017. Sex differences in prostaglandin biosynthesis in neutrophils during acute inflammation. Sci. Rep. 7: 3759.
Pathan, H., Williams, J, 2012. Basic opioid pharmacology: an update. Br. J. Pain 6(1): 11-16.
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the council. (2020). Retrieved from Brussels
Roy, R., Ud Daula, A., Akter, A., Sultana, S., Barek, MA., Liya, IJ, et al., 2019. Antipyretic and anti-nociceptive effects of methanol extract of leaves of Fimbristylis miliacea in mice model. J. Ethnopharmacol. 243: 112080.
Sajib, NH., Uddin, SB, 2015. Ethnomedicinal Study of Plants in Hathazari, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 38 (2): 197 - 210.
Sanchez-Alavez, M., Alboni, S., Conti, B, 2011. Sex- and age-specific differences in core body temperature of C57Bl/6 mice. Age (Dordr) 33(1): 89-99.
Siegmund, E., Cadmus, R., Lu, G, 1957. A method for evaluating both non-narcotic and narcotic analgesics. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 95: 729-731.
Sorge, RE. Mapplebeck, JCS. Rosen, S. Beggs, S. Taves, S. Alexander, JK, et al., 2015. Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice. Nat. Neurosci. 18(8): 1081-1083.
Spruss, A., Henkel, J., Kanuri, G., Blank, D., Püschel, GP., Bischoff, SC, et al., 2012. Female mice are more susceptible to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: sex-specific regulation of the hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase-plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 cascade, but not the hepatic endotoxin response. Mol. Med. 18(9): 1346-1355.
Stitt, JT, 1973. Prosaglandin E1 fever induced in rabbits. J. Physiol. 232(1): 163-179.
Subedi, NK., Rahman, S., Akbar, MA, 2016. Analgesic and antipyretic activities of methanol extract and its fraction from the root of Schoenoplectus grossus. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2016.
Sun, N., Zheng, G., He, M., Feng, Y., Liu, J., Wang, M, et al., 2019. Grayanane diterpenoids from the leaves of Rhododendron auriculatum and their analgesic activities. J. Nat. Prod. 82(7): 1849-1860.
Sutradhar, RK., Rahman, AM., Ahmad, M., Bachar, SC., Saha, A., Roy, TG, 2007. Antiinflammatory and analgesic alkaloid from Sida cordifolia Linn. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci. 20: 185-188.
Suzuki, Y., Nakahara, K., Ensho, T., Murakami, N, 2017. Sex difference of hyperinsulinemia in the C57BL/6J-Daruma (obese) mouse. J. Vet. Med. Sci.: 17-0006.
Tomazetti, J. Avila, DS. Ferreira, AP. Martins, JS. Souza, FR. Royer, C, et al., 2005. Baker yeast-induced fever in young rats: characterization and validation of an animal model for antipyretics screening. J. Neurosci. Methods 147(1): 29-35.
Ushikubi, F. Segi, E. Sugimoto, Y. Murata, T. Matsuoka, T. Kobayashi, T, et al., 1998. Impaired febrile response in mice lacking the prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP3. Nature 395(6699): 281-284.
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Published
2020-12-07
How to Cite
Basher, M. A., Hoque, M. R., Roy, R., Hosen, S., Karim, I., Bhowmik, T., & Akter, A. (2020). Sex-dependent variations in anti-nociceptive and antipyretic effects of rhizome and stem extract of Schumannianthus dichotomus Roxb. in male and female mice. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 31(4), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.602
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Research Article
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