Artikel penelitian
Vol 14 No 2 (2020): Volume 14, Number 2, 2020
Simulation of nitrogen release from chitosan/local organic fertilizer composite as slow-release fertilizer
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
Abstrak
Penggunaan pupuk anorganik masih memiliki efisiensi rendah yang disebabkan oleh cepatnya pelepasan nutrisi pupuk ke lingkungan sehingga nutrisi tersebut tidak dapat terserap baik oleh tanaman. Selain itu, aplikasi pupuk anorganik yang berulang dalam satu periode tanam berdampak pada peningkatan biaya operasional. Salah satu metode untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan pupuk lepas lambat (slow-release fertilizer) atau dengan menggunakan pupuk organik. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan mengombinasikan dua metode tersebut yaitu dengan memodifikasi formulasi dari pupuk organik lokal dengan penambahan kitosan sehingga dapat diperoleh pupuk organik yang memiliki sifat lepas lambat. Laju pelepasan nitrogen dari pupuk yang dihasilkan kemudian dianalisis dan disimulasikan dengan software MATLAB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nitrogen yang hilang pada komposit pupuk organik-kitosan melalui water leaching menurun hingga 85% jika dibandingkan dengan komposit pupuk organik tanpa kitosan. Hasil simulasi MATLAB juga menunjukkan bahwa laju pelepasan nitrogen pada pupuk mengikuti model matematika yang diusulkan yaitu dengan mekanisme difusi, nilai koefisien difusivitas yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 1,61×10-5 cm2/s.
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