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Artikel penelitian

Vol 19 No 1 (2025): Volume 19, Number 1, 2025

Optimization of D-limonene and phenolic compounds extraction from local Indonesian orange peel using ultrasound-assisted extraction

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.17479
Telah diserahkan
November 8, 2024
Diterbitkan
April 24, 2025

Abstrak

Kabupaten Malang merupakan salah satu sentra perkebunan jeruk di Jawa Timur, Indonesia, dan telah ditetapkan sebagai kawasan agrowisata jeruk Indonesia. Limbah kulit jeruk di Indonesia belum dimanfaatkan, padahal kulit jeruk mengandung senyawa yang bernilai, seperti D-limonene dan polifenol. Hingga saat ini, studi tentang ekstraksi D-limonene dan total senyawa fenolik (TPC) dari jeruk Baby Java Pacitan (Citrus sinensis L.) dan jeruk Keprok Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata Blanco) belum diteliti. Dalam penelitian ini, beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi ekstraksi D-limonene dan total senyawa fenolik dari kulit jeruk lokal Indonesia berbantuan ultrasonik diteliti dan dioptimasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengeringan menggunakan oven vakum dan agitasi meningkatkan rendemen D-limonene dan TPC secara signifikan. Kondisi optimum untuk mengekstraksi D-limonene adalah rasio padatan-pelarut (SSR) 1:10 dengan konsentrasi pelarut etanol 96% selama 40 menit. Sementara itu, kondisi optimum untuk mengekstrak senyawa polifenol adalah rasio padatan-pelarut 1:10 dengan konsentrasi pelarut 96% selama 80 menit. Pada kondisi optimum, kulit jeruk Baby Java Pacitan menghasilkan D-limonene sebesar 130,5 mg/g biomassa kering, yaitu 2,8 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kulit jeruk Keprok Batu 55. Sementara itu, TPC untuk kulit jeruk Baby Java Pacitan dan kulit jeruk Keprok Batu 55 masing-masing adalah 46,1 mgGAE/g biomassa kering dan 43,9 mgGAE/g biomassa kering.

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