Micropropagation of Superior Variety of Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) Through In Vitro Indirect Organogenesis
Abstract
Two varieties of Vanilla planifolia, var. Sovania Agribun and Hivania Agribun, were nationally released in 2021. These varieties are categorised as superior due to their greater resistance to stem rot diseases compared to existing varieties. Micropropagation is a viable method for producing disease-free vanilla seedlings. This study aimed to identify the optimal combination of auxin and cytokinin for callus initiation and regeneration into plantlets of the superior vanilla variety, Hivania Agribun. The research used a completely randomised design with two factors: explant type and hormone combinations. A combination of 2,4-D, at a higher concentration than kinetin, was used to induce callusing, while a combination of 2,4-D with a higher concentration of kinetin was applied for callus proliferation; both steps were performed in the dark. The treatments with 2,4-D (0.5–1.5 mg L-1) and kinetin (0.1 mg L-1) were most effective in inducing callus formation on the first node and apical shoot explants. The combination of 2,4-D (0.1 mg L-1) and kinetin (0.5–1 mg L-1) was effective for callus proliferation and the formation of organogenic callus. Organogenic callus regeneration was achieved under illumination, with the medium containing BAP (0.5 mg L-1) producing the most abundant regenerating shoot buds and shoots.
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