* Corresponding Author
Non-ideal Critical Realism Analysis on the Ethical Positions of Secular Doctors Towards Human Genome Editing
https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.76019 Albert Adiputra(1*), Sindung Tjahyadi(2), Retna Siwi Padmawati(3)
(1) Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Philosophy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Human genome editing could be used to improve human intelligence, appearance, and physical strength. The ethical issues posed by the technology are causing public concern. Secularism views efforts to find moral truth do not depend on supernatural authority. The existence of a secular minority in Indonesia is considered an anomaly in public discourse and is left behind in the morally critical policy-making deliberations on genome editing regulations. The research explored Indonesian secular doctor’s view of human genome editing. This qualitative research used a non-ideal critical realism approach through in-depth interviews and literature review. Secular doctors say that human genomic editing has no different weight from other artificial selection. After conducting a risk-benefit analysis through moral calculus, secular doctors generally have positions and attitudes that support the research and implementation of human genomic editing technology.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Admirand, P. (2019). Humbling the Discourse: Why Interfaith Dialogue, Religious Pluralism, Liberation Theology, and Secular Humanism Are Needed for a Robust Public Square. Religions, 10(8), 450. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10080450
Alderson, P., Sutcliffe, K., & Mendizabal, R. (2020). A critical realist analysis of consent to surgery for children, human nature and dialectic: The pulse of freedom. Journal of Critical Realism, 19(2), 159–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767430.2020.1733922
Angeline, W. K. (2020). CRISPR - Inovasi Biologi Molekuler dan Medis yang Kontroversial. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 47(3), 218-221. https://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i3.375
Ballinger, S., Tisdale, T. C., Sellen, D. L., & Martin, L. A. (2017). Slowing Down Time: An Exploration of Personal Life Extension Desirability as it Relates to Religiosity and Specific Religious Beliefs. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(1), 171–187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0218-7
Beauchamp, T. L., & Childress, J. F. (2013). Principles of biomedical ethics (7th ed). Oxford University Press.
Brummett, A. (2020). Reaching Across The ‘Deepest Divide’: Moral Acquaintanceship, Religion, And Bioethics. The Heythrop Journal, 61(4), 677–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/heyj.13573
Carlin, N. (2020). Correlating Bioethics and Theology. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(12), 49–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1833103
Cherry, M. J. (2018). Bioethics After the Death of God. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, 43(6), 615–630. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhy024
Colgrove, N. (2020). The Devil in the Details. The AmericanJournal of Bioethics, 20(12), 18–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1832614
De Nutte, N. (2019). Vrijzinnigheid: Secular Humanism in Belgium. Free Inquiry, 39(5).
Eberl, J. T. (2020). Purely Faith-Based vs. Rationally-Informed Theological Bioethics. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(12), 14–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1832612
Edwards, B. A., Roberts, J. A., Bowen, C., Brownell, S. E., & Barnes, M. E. (2022). An exploration of how gender, political affiliation, or religious identity is associated with comfort and perceptions of controversial topics in bioethics. Advances in Physiology Education, 46(2), 268-278. https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00008.2022
Ekayanti, F., Haryoso, W. A., & Mahardhika, Z. P. (2021). Students’ Perception on Medical Ethics Learning from Two Medical Faculties in Jakarta: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. International Conference on Medical Education (ICME 2021), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210930.006
Engelhardt, H. T. (2012). A Skeptical Reassessment of Bioethics. Bioethics Critically Reconsidered, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2244-6_1
Epstein, G. (2009). Good Without God. Harper Collins.
Erduran, S., Guilfoyle, L., Park, W., Chan, J., & Fancourt, N. (2019). Argumentation and interdisciplinarity: Reflections from the Oxford Argumentation in Religion and Science Project. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 1(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-019-0006-9
Fadli, M. R. (2021). Hubungan Filsafat dengan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Relevansinya Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 (Society 5.0). Jurnal Filsafat, 31(1) 130-161. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.42521
Feeney, O., Cockbain, J., & Sterckx, S. (2021). Ethics, Patents and Genome Editing: A Critical Assessment of Three Options of Technology Governance. Frontiers in Political Science, 3, 731505. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2021.731505
Frith, L. (2012). Symbiotic Empirical Ethics: A Practical Methodology. Bioethics, 26(4), 198–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01843.x
Furton, E. J. (2003). Bioethics, Evolution, and Atheism. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly, 3(3), 455-462. . https://doi.org/10.0.22.208/ncbq20033326
Geppert, C. M. A., & Schonfeld, T. (2020). Talking Can Be Harmful Depending on What You Say. The AmericanJournal of Bioethics, 20(12), 42–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1833100
Gómez, I. R. (2020). What’s Missing in Secular Bioethics? The False Dichotomy between “the Secular” and “the Theological”. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(12), 34–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1833099
Gutmann, A., & Thompson, D. (1997). Deliberating about Bioethics. The Hastings Center Report,27(3), 38-41. https://doi.org/10.2307/3528667
Héliot, Y., Gleibs, I. H., Coyle, A., Rousseau, D. M., & Rojon, C. (2020). Religious identity in the workplace: A systematic review, research agenda, and practical implications. Human Resource Management, 59(2), 153–173. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21983
Hidayah, S. (2012). The Politics of Religion: The Invention of “Agama” in Indonesia. Kawistara, 2(2), 121–139. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.3967
Hidayatullah, S. (2019). Agama dan Sains: Sebuah Kajian Tentang Relasi dan Metodologi. Jurnal Filsafat, 29(1), 102-133. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.30246
Iltis, A. S. (2018). Engelhardt on the Common Morality in Bioethics. Conatus, 3(2), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.12681/conatus.19284
Irhamahayati, I., Hubeis, M., Hermawan, A., & Djohar, S. (2018). Generational Conflicts at the Indonesian Public Sector Workplace from the Millenials Perspective. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18(2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2018.18.2.12
Izzah, S. N., Setyanto, D., Hasanatuludhhiyah, N., Indiastuti, D. N., Nasution, Z., & d’Arqom, A. (2021). Attitudes of Indonesian Medical Doctors and Medical Students Toward Genome Editing. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 14, 1017–1027. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S303881
Kusumawati, W., Prihatiningsih, T. S., Rahayu, G. R., & Sastrowijoto, S. (2015). Identification of professional behavior attributes for Indonesian Medical Education. South-East Asian Journal of Medical Education, 9(1), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.4038/seajme.v9i1.92
Li, H.-L. (2020). Public Reason as the Way for Dialogue. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(12), 29–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1832618
Madung, O. G. N. (2021). Post-Secularism as a Basis of Dialogue between Philosophy and Religion. Jurnal Filsafat, 31(2), 271-289. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.65189
Mahdi, S., Ghannam, O., Watson, S., & Padela, A. I. (2016). Predictors of Physician Recommendation for Ethically Controversial Medical Procedures: Findings from an Exploratory National Survey of American Muslim Physicians. Journal of Religion and Health,55(2), 403–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-015-0154-y
Marceta, J. A. (2019). A non-ideal authenticity-based conceptualization of personal autonomy. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 22(3), 387–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-018-9879-1
Matisonn, H. (2020). Talking at Cross Purposes: Why We Shouldn’t Re-Establish the Relationship Between Theological and Secular Bioethics. The American Journal of Bioethics,20(12), 45–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1833101
McCarthy, M., Homan, M., & Rozier, M. (2020). There’s No Harm in Talking: Re-Establishing the Relationship Between Theological and Secular Bioethics. The American Journal of Bioethics,20(12), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1832611
McKeown, A. (2017). Critical Realism and Empirical Bioethics: A Methodological Exposition. Health Care Analysis,25(3), 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10728-015-0290-2
Menuge, A. J. L. (Ed.). (2013). Legitimizing human rights: Secular and religious perspectives. Ashgate.
Neitzke, A. B. (2021). Critical Theoretical Methodology for Nonideal Contributions to Bioethics. In E. Victor & L. K. Guidry-Grimes (Eds.), Applying Nonideal Theory to Bioethics: Living and Dying in a Nonideal World 71–97. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72503-7_4
Obasogie, O. K., & Darnovsky, M. (Eds.). (2018). Beyond bioethics: Toward a new biopolitics. University of California Press.
Ogbogu, U., & Hardcastle, L. (2021). Bioethics and practical justice in the post‐COVID‐19 era. Developing World Bioethics, 21(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12279
Otto, D. S. N. (2016). Infidels in Indonesia: The Intention of Initiating Interaction Instead of Intolerance [Masters thesis]. University of Amsterdam.
Pinker, S. (2015, August 1). The moral imperative for bioethics. Boston Globe. https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2015/07/31/the-moral-imperative-for-bioethics/JmEkoyzlTAu9oQV76JrK9N/story.html
Porter, A. (2017). Bioethics and Transhumanism. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, 42(3), 237–260. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhx001
Pradhan, D., & Haris, H. (2021). Religious tolerance in multifaith democracies: A comparative legal study of Indonesia and India. Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 29(1), 46–62. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v29i1.14694
Putra, Y. S. (2017). Theoretical Review: Teori Perbedaan Generasi. Among Makarti, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v9i2.142
Quack, J., Schuh, C., & Kind, S. (2019). The Diversity of Nonreligion: Normativities and Contested Relations (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429196799
Rudnev, M., & Savelkaeva, A. (2016). Public Support for the Right to Euthanasia: The Competing Roles of Values and Religiosity Across 35 Nations. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2757670
Sarhindi, I. L. (2017). Symbolic Violence in Indonesian Society: Does Islamic Radicalisation Lead to Religious Intolerance?. Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, 1(1), 57–79. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5347
Savarino, L. (2017). Moral Pluralism and Christian Bioethics: On H. T. Engelhardt Jr.’s After God. Christian Bioethics: Non-Ecumenical Studies in Medical Morality, 23(2), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1093/cb/cbx008
Schäfer, S. (2016). Forming “Forbidden” Identities Online: Atheism in Indonesia. Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 9(2), 253–268. https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2016.2-5
Setiawan, J., & Sudrajat, A. (2018). Pemikiran Postmodernisme dan Pandangannya terhadap Ilmu Pengetahuan. Jurnal Filsafat, 28(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.33296
Skitka, L. J., Hanson, B. E., Washburn, A. N., & Mueller, A. B. (2018). Moral and religious convictions: Are they the same or different things? PLOS ONE, 13(6), e0199311. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199311
Stambler, I. (2017). Human Life Extension: Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications for Public Health Policy. In A. M. Vaiserman (Ed.), Drug Discovery (pp. 535–564). Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781782626602-00535
Swatos, W. H. (Ed.). (1998). Encyclopedia of Religion and Society. Rowman Altamira.
ten Have, H. A. M. J. (2016). Global bioethics: An introduction. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Tham, J. (2013). A Response to Irreligious Bioethics. Studia Bioethica,6(2), 12-19.
Warburton, E., & Aspinall, E. (2018). Explaining Indonesia’s Democratic Regression: Structure, Agency and Popular Opinion. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 41(2), 255–285. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs41-2k
Żuradzki, T., & Wiśniowska, K. (2020). A Data-Driven Argument in Bioethics: Why Theologically Grounded Concepts May Not Provide the Necessary Intellectual Resources to Discuss Inequality and Injustice in Healthcare Contexts. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(12), 25–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1832617
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.76019
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3109
| 
views : 2117
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Filsafat
Jurnal Filsafat Indexed by:
Jurnal Filsafat ISSN 0853-1870 (print), ISSN 2528-6811 (online)