Comparative Evaluation of Hermetia Illucens Larvae Reared on Different Substrates: Effect on Growth (The Yield, Nutritional Properties and Bioconversion)

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i3.87557

Himmatul Khasanah(1), Iswahyuning Tyas(2), Dwi Erwin Kusbianto(3), Wildan Jadmiko(4), Wildan Muhlison(5*)

(1) Program Study of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
(2) Program Study of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
(3) Program Study of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
(4) Program Study of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
(5) Program Study of Agriculture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Media usage for Black Soldier Flies Larvae (BSFL) growth has not been standardized yet, and many research has tried to elucidate different substrates to produce optimal BSFL growth. This study aimed to analyse the effect of different media with different metabolizable energy and nutrient content, such as tofu waste (high metabolizable energy), Azolla microphylla (moderate metabolizable energy), and layer manure (low metabolizable energy), on the yield and nutritional properties of 19-d-old Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL). We grew BSFL from egg to 19-d-old larvae and analysed the BSFL yields by total and individual weight. Nutritional properties were analysed by using proximate, including water content, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, and crude fat. The results showed that the growth media of BSFL on tofu waste, Azolla microphylla, and layer manure showed significant differences in total weight and individual weight (p<0.05). Tofu waste produced the highest total weight (280,75±4,99 g). The nutrient content (water, ash, crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber) of BSFL grown on tofu waste is the best for yield production. Tofu waste also showed excellent performance in nutrient content except for the percentage of protein compared to Azolla, which was the highest among media, and tofu waste as a growth media for BSFL produced lower protein content. The fiber content of media might influence the protein content. In conclusion, we suggest using high metabolizable energy for BSFL growth media to obtain good yield and high nutrient properties.


Keywords


Animal feed, Edible insect larvae, Metabolic energy, Production, Protein source

Full Text:

7. Khasanah


References

Aldi, M., F. Fathul, and S. Tantalo. 2018. Pengaruh berbagai media tumbuh terhadap kandungan air, protein dan lemak maggot yang dihasilkan sebagai pakan. Jurnal Riset dan Inovasi Peternakan, JRIP. 2: 14–20.

Anggitasari, Septiani, O. Sjofjan, and I. H. Djunaidi. 2016. Effect of some kinds of commercial feed on quantitative and qualitative production performance of broiler chicken. Buletin Peternakan. 40: 187–96.

Balehegn, Mulubrhan, A, Duncan, A. Tolera, A. A. Ayantunde, S. Issa, M. Karimou, N. Zampaligré, K. André, I. Gnanda, P. Varijakshapanicker, E. Kebreab, J. Dubeux, K. Boote, M. Minta, F. Feyissa, and A. T. Adesogan. 2020. Improving adoption of technologies and interventions for increasing supply of quality livestock feed in low- and middle-income countries. Global Food Security. 26:100372.

Balhis, M. N., D. R. Indriyanti, P. Widiyaningrum, and N. Setiati. 2022. Biokonversi limbah roti apkir dan ampas tahu dengan memanfaatkan larva Hermetia illucens . Life Scencei. 11: 132–42.

Dafri, I., Nahrowi, and A. Jayanegara. 2022. Teknologi penyiapan pakan protein moderate dan strategi penyiapannya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas maggot. Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan. 20: 25–29.

Dzepe, D., P. Nana, A. Fotso, T. Tchuinkam, and R. Djouaka. 2019. Influence of larval density, substrate moisture content and feedstock ratio on life history traits of black soldier fly larvae. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed. 6: 133 -140.

Efendi, M. 2013. Beternak Cacing Sutera Cara Modern. Penebar Swadaya Group, Jakarta.

Fajri, N. A., N. Made, A. Kartika, and Y. Mariani. 2021. Tingkat bobot maggot bsf pada media kotoran ayam dan kotoran sapi. Agriptek. 8600: 77–83.

Faridah, F., and P. Cahyono. 2020. Pelatihan budidaya magot sebagai alternative pakan ternak di Desa Baturono Lamongan. Abdimas Bedaya: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. 2: 36-41.

Giannetto, A., S. Oliva, C. F. C. Lanes, F. A. Pedron, D. Savastano, C. Baviera, V. Parrino, G. Lo Paro, N. C. Spanò, T. Cappello, M. Maisano, A. Mauceri, and S. Fasulo. 2020. Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomydae) larvae and prepupae: biomass production, fatty acid profile and expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism. Journal of Biotechnology. 307: 44–54.

Hasnol, S., K. Kiatkittipong, W. Kiatkittipong, C. Y. Wong, C. S. Khe, M. K. Lam, P. L. Show, W. D. Oh, T. L. Chew, and J. W. Lim. 2020. A review on insights for green production of unconventional protein and energy sources derived from the larval biomass of black soldier fly. Processes 8: 1-13.

Jeon, H, S. Park, J. Choi, G. Jeong, S. B. Lee, and Y. Choi. 2011. The intestinal bacterial community in the food waste-reducing larvae of Hermetia Illucens. Current Microbiology.62: 1390-1399.

Kim W., S. Bae, K. Park, S. Lee, Y. Choi, and S. Han. 2011. Biochemical characterization of digestive enzymes in the black soldier fly, Hermetia Illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 4: 11–4.

Lee, J., Y. M. Kim, Y. K. Park, Y. C. Yang, B. G. Jung, and B. J. Lee. 2018. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ) larvae enhances immune activities and increases survivability of broiler chicks against experimental infection of Salmonella Gallinarum. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 80: 736–40.

Li, W., M. Li, L. Zheng, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, Z. Yu, Z. Ma, and Q. Li. 2015. Simultaneous utilization of glucose and xylose for lipid accumulation in black soldier fly. Biotechnology for Biofuels. 8: 1–6.

Maharani, P., N. Suthama, and H. I. Wahyuni. 2013. Massa kalsium dan protein daging pada ayam arab petelur yang diberi ransum menggunakan Azolla Microphylla. Animal Agriculture Journal. 2: 18–27.

Masir, Ummul, Andi Fausiah, and Sagita. 2020. Produksi maggot black soldier fly ( BSF ) (Hermetia illucens ) pada media ampas tahu dan feses ayam. Agrovital. 5: 87–90

Maulana, M., N. Nurmeiliasari, and Y. Fenita. 2021. Pengaruh media tumbuh yang berbeda terhadap kandungan air, protein dan lemak maggot black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ). Bulletin of Tropical Animal Science 2: 149–57.

Monita, L, S. H. Sutjahjo, A. A. Amin, and M. R. Fahmi. 2017. Pengolahan sampah organik perkotaan menggunakan larva black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ). JPSL. 7: 227–34.

Muhtaromah, E. Z., E. Pangestu, and M. C. and L. K. Nuswantara. 2021. Penggantian ampas tahu dengan level konsentrat berbeda terhadap pemanfaatan energi ransum. in Prosiding Seminar Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan VIII-Webinar. 2019. 24–25.

Nafisah, A., Nahrowi, R. Mutia, and A. Jayanegara. 2019. Chemical composition, chitin and cell wall nitrogen content of black soldier fly (Hermtia illucens ) larvae after physical and biological treatment. Research Proceeding of 9th Annual Basic Science International Conference 2019 (BaSIC 2019). 546: 042028.

Natsir, W. N. I., R. S. Rahayu P., M. A. Daruslam, and M. Azhar. 2020. Maggot palatability as source of protein for poultry livestock. J. Agrisistem. 16: 27–32.

Oonincx, D. G. A. B., A. van Huis, and J. J. A. van Loon. 2015. Nutrient utilisation by black soldier flies fed with chicken, pig, or cow manure. J. Insects Food. Feed 1: 131–39.

Pamungkas, S. R. I. Guruh,and E. Mahajoeno. 2012. Fermentasi lumpur digestat kotoran ayam petelur dengan kapang aspergillus niger untuk sumber protein pada ransum ayam. Bioteknologi. 9: 26–34.

Priyanti, A., I. G. A. P. Mahendri, F. Cahyadi, and R. A. Cramb. 2012. Income over feed cost for small-to medium-scale beef cattle fattening operations in East Java. JITAA. 37: 195-201.

Purnamasari, L., I. Sucipto, W. Muhlison, and N. Pratiwi. 2020. Komposisi nutrien larva black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ) dengan media tumbuh, suhu dan waktu pengeringan yang berbeda. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan Dan Veteriner 2019. 687–92.

Purnamasari, L., W. Muhlison, and I. Sucipto. 2021. Biokonversi limbah ampas tahu dan limbah sayur dengan menggunakan agen larva black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ). The 2nd national conference of applied animal science (CAAS) 2021.105–11.

Seyedalmoosavi, M. M., M. Mielenz, T. Veldkamp, G. Daş, and C. C. Metges. 2022. Growth efficiency, intestinal biology, and nutrient utilization and requirements of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ) larvae compared to monogastric livestock species: a review. J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. 13: 1–20.

Sheskin, D. J. 1996. Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures. 5th Edition. Chapman & Hall, London.

Shumo, M., I. M. Osuga, F. M. Khamis, C. M. Tanga, K. K. M. Fiaboe, S. Subramanian, S. Ekesi, A. van Huis, and C. Borgemeister. 2019. The nutritive value of black soldier fly larvae reared on common organic waste streams in kenya. Scientific Rep. 9: 1–13.

de Souza V., J., N. M. Andronicos, M. Kolakshyapati, M. Hilliar, T. Z. Sibanda, N. R. Andrew, R. A. Swick, S. Wilkinson, and I. Ruhnke. 2021. Black soldier fly larvae in broiler diets improve broiler performance and modulate the immune system. Anim. Nutr. 7: 695–706.

Sudrajat, D., and D. Kardaya. 2016. Pengaruh substitusi tepung ampas kelapa dalam pakan komersil terhadap energi metabolis ayam kampung. JPN. 2: 51–56.

Wardhana, A. H.. 2016. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens ) as an alternative protein source for animal feed. Wartazoa. 26: 69–78.

Yakti, W., M. Müller, M. Klost, I. Mewis, D. Dannehl, and C. Ulrichs. 2023. Physical properties of substrates as a driver for Hermetia illucens (L.) (diptera: stratiomyidae) larvae growth. Insects. 14: 266.

Zhang, Y, C. Y. Yang, C. Li, Z. Xu, P. Peng, C. Xue, J. K. Tomberlin, W. Hu, and Y. Cao. 2021. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larval diet improves CD8+ lymphocytes proliferation to eliminate chicken coronavirus at an early infection stage. Vet. Microbiol. 260: 109151.

Zheng, H., J. E. Powell, M. I. Steele, C. Dietrich, and N. A. Moran. 2017. Honeybee gut microbiota promotes host weight gain via bacterial metabolism and hormonal signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114: 4775–80.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i3.87557

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 179 | views : 79

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Buletin Peternakan (Bulletin of Animal Science) Indexed by:

   
 
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.