The Quantitative Characteristics of Cross-Bred Native Chicken (Sentul X Arab Chicken and Merawang X Arab Chicken)

Dika Irmaya. H; Suyadi Suyadi; Depison Depison; Ari Ardiantoro

doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i3.89400

The Quantitative Characteristics of Cross-Bred Native Chicken (Sentul X Arab Chicken and Merawang X Arab Chicken)

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i3.89400

Dika Irmaya. H⁽¹⁾, Suyadi Suyadi⁽²⁾, Depison Depison^(3*), Ari Ardiantoro⁽⁴⁾

(1) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145
(2) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145
(3) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36361
(4) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The research aims to analyze the production potential and opportunities to increase the productivity of each cross-bred animal based on its quantitative characteristics. The livestock material used in this research was 50 Sera chickens (Sentul chickens x Arabian chickens) and 50 Mera chickens (Merawang chickens x Arabian chickens). The research was carried out by raising chickens from DOC to 3 months of age. The quantitative data involve body weight, weight gain, and body measurements (Head Length, Head Circumference, Head Height, Neck Length, Neck Circumference, Wing Length, Back Length, Back Height, Chest Length, Chest Width, Shank Length, Shank Circumference, Length Third Finger and Pubic Bone Distance). The quantitative data that has been observed is then analyzed through the t-test. Then, PCA is used to identify body shape and size determinants in Sera and Mera chickens. Statistical analysis was carried out using Minitab software version 21. The results obtained showed that the body weights of Sera and Mera chickens were significantly different (p<0.05) from DOC to 3 months of age. A significant increase in productivity in crosses between Sentul chickens and Arabian chickens and Merawang chickens with Arabian chickens occurs starting at 1-2 months. Sera and Mera chickens' body sizes differed significantly (p<0.05). The total diversity of PC1 in Sera chickens was 79.8%, and in Mera chickens, it was 70.6%. Meanwhile, the total PC2 diversity of Sera chickens was 17.7%, and Mera chickens were 7.9%. In conclusion, Sera chickens have the highest quantitative characteristics compared to Mera chickens, and the highest body weight gain occurs at 1-2 months in both Sera and Mera chickens. Based on principal component analysis. The body size characteristic of Sera chickens is shank length, while in Mera chickens, it is chest length. The distinct shape of Sera chickens is body height, while in Mera chickens, it is shank length.

Keywords

Cross-breeding, Native chicken, Principal component analysis, Productivity

Full Text:

1. Irmaya

References

Abdu, M., Gushairiyanto, and Depison. 2021. The relationship of egg weight with doc weight and doc weight with body weight of first generation of sentul chicken (g1). Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Terpadu 9: 85–96. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jipt. v9i3.p279-290.

Amao, S. R. 2018. Application of principal component analysis on the body morphometric of Nigerian Indigenous chickens reared intensively under Southern Guinea Savanna condition of Nigeria. J. Environ. Issues Agric. Dev. Ctries. 10: 1–12.

Amuzu-Aweh, E. N., H. Bovenhuis, D. J. De Koning, and P. Bijma. 2015. Predicting heterosis for egg production traits in crossbred offspring of individual white leghorn sires using genome-wide SNP data. Genet. Sel. Evol. 47: 1–8. doi:10.1186/s12711-015-0088-6.

Budiarto, A., L. Hakim, S. Maylinda, G. Ciptadi, V. A. Nurgiatiningsih, and A. Furqon. 2021. Manajemen Pemuliaan Ternak. Media Nusa Creative (MNC Publishing).

Castellini, C., C. Mugnai, L. Moscati, S. Mattioli, M. G. Amato, A. C. Mancinelli, and A. Dal Bosco. 2016. Adaptation to organic rearing system of eight different chicken genotypes: behaviour, welfare and performance. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 15: 37–46. doi:10.1080/1828051X.2015.1131893.

Darwati, S., H. Nurcahya, R. Afnan, V. S. Maulana, and P. Rohamtullah. 2018. Performance of g1 Merawang-Arab crossing growth at 1-12 weeks age. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 6: 67–72. doi:10.29244/jipthp.6.2.67-72.

Depison, Gushairiyanto, and D. Irmaya. 2022. Characterization phenotype and genetic distance some of the native chicken strains in Jambi Province Indonesia. Iraqi J. Agric. Sci. 53: 1154–1166. doi:10.36103/ijas. v53i5.1629.

Ghassani, A. F., D. Depison, and H. Ediyanto. 2022. Association of quantitative characteristics with growth hormone gene (GH Gene) in Kerinci Duck using PCR-RFLP Method. Bul. Peternak. 46: 248. doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v46i4.75810.

Gultom, L. H. M., G. Gushairiyanto, and D. Depison. 2021. Correlation of Sentul chicken body weight at DOC age of 1, 2 and 3 months. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia 16: 273–276. doi:10.31186/jspi.id.16.3.273-276.

Irmaya, D., Depison, and Gushairiyanto. 2021. Quantitative characteristics of Indonesian native chickens at the age of 4 months. Livest. Anim. Res. 19: 108–119. doi:https://doi.org/10.20961/lar.v19i1.43150 Original.

Khawaja, T., S. H. Khan, N. Mukhtar, and A. Parveen. 2012. Comparative study of growth performance, meat quality and hematological parameters of Fayoumi, Rhode Island Red and their reciprocal crossbred chickens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 11: 211–216. doi:10.4081/ijas.2012.e39.

Mamuaja, C. L., B. Rorimpandey, E. Wantasen, and S. Dalie. 2020. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan daging ayam buras di Pasar Tradisional Kota Manado. Zootec. 40: 20–29. doi:10.35792/zot.40.1.2020.26717.

Negash, F. 2021. Application of principal component analysis for predicting body weight of Ethiopian indigenous chicken populations. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 53: 1–7. doi:10.1007/s11250-020-02526-w.

Phocas, F., C. Belloc, J. Bidanel, L. Delaby, J. Y. Dourmad, B. Dumont, P. Ezanno, L. Fortun-Lamothe, G. Foucras, B. Frappat, E. González-García, D. Hazard, C. Larzul, S. Lubac, S. Mignon-Grasteau, C. R. Moreno, M. Tixier-Boichard, and M. Brochard. 2016. Review: Towards the agroecological management of ruminants, pigs and poultry through the development of sustainable breeding programmes. II. Breeding Strategies. Animal. 10: 1760–1769. doi:10.1017/S1751731116001051.

Purwantiningsih, T. I., R. Binsasi, and O. C. Araujo. 2022. Pengaruh modifikasi lingkungan terhadap status fisiologis sapi perah di lahan kering. Livest. Anim. Res. 20: 11. doi:10.20961/lar.v20i1.55158.

Puteri, N. I., G. Gushairiyanto, and D. Depison. 2020. Growth patterns, body weight, and morphometric of KUB Chicken, Sentul Chicken and Arab Chicken. Bull. Anim. Sci. 44: 67–72. doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak. v44i3.57016.

Putri, A. B. S. R. N., Gushariyanto, and Depison. 2020. Bobot badan dan karakteristik morfometrik beberapa galur ayam lokal. J. Ilmu dan Teknol. Peternak. Trop. 7: 256–263.

Rahayu, F. F., Depison, and Gushairiyanto. 2021. Performance of Kampung Super chicken and Bangkok chicken first generation (G1) until the age of 12 weeks. Livest. Anim. Res. 19: 326–336.

Razuki, W. M. and S. A. Al-Shaheen. 2011. Use of Full Diallel Cross to Estimate Crossbreeding Effects in Laying Chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 10: 197–204. doi:10.3923/ijps.2011.197.204.

Rowiyanti, W. O., Junaedi, and Suparman. 2021. Bodyweight growth of chicken from cross breed of Kampung chicken with Bangkok chicken. J. Sains dan Teknol. Peternak. 3: 8–11. doi:10.31605/jstp.v3i1.1300.

Sari, M., Gushairiyanto, and E. Wiyanto. 2021. The relationship between egg weight with hatching weight and hatching weight with body weight g1 of merawang chicken aged up to 4 months. J. Peternak. 18: 147–159.

Soliman, M. A., M. H. Khalil, K. El-Sabrout, and M. K. Shebl. 2020. Crossing effect for improving egg production traits in chickens involving local and commercial strains. Vet. World. 13: 407–412. doi:10.14202/vetworld. 2020.407-412.

Sungkhapreecha, P., V. Chankitisakul, M. Duangjinda, and W. Boonkum. 2022. Combining abilities, heterosis, growth performance, and carcass characteristics in a diallel cross from Black-Bone chickens and Thai native chickens. Animals. 12: 1–13. doi:10.3390/ani 12131602.

Trisiwi, H. F. 2017. Pengaruh level protein pakan pada masa pertumbuhan terhadap penampilan pada awal peneluran ayam betina hasil persilangan ayam kampung jantan dan ayam ras petelur betina. J. Ilmu danTeknologi Has. Ternak. 12: 61–68.

Trisnawanto, R. Adiwinarti, and W. S. Dilaga. 2012. Correlation of body measurements and body weight of male Dombos. Anim. Agric. J. 1: 653–668.

Utama, M., Depison, Gushairiyanto, and Helmi Ediyanto. 2021. Comparison of fertility, hatchability and quantitative characteristics between KUB chicken and Kampung chicken (G1). J. Ilmu dan Teknol. Peternak. Trop. 9: 95–103. doi:10.33772/jitro.v9i1. 19736.

Wahyuni, Depison, and Gushariyanto. 2022. Comparison of productivity of sentul and kampung chickens until the age of 3 Months in the first generation selection population (G1). Bull. Anim. Sci. 46: 23–30. doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v46i1.67045.

Wang, Q., T. Yan, Z. Long, L. Y. Huang, Y. Zhu, Y. Xu, X. Chen, H. Pak, J. Li, D. Wu, Y. Xu, S. Hua, and L. Jiang. 2021. Prediction of heterosis in the recent rapeseed (Brassica napus) polyploid by pairing parental nucleotide sequences. PLoS Genet. 17: 1–22. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1009879.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i3.89400