Identifikasi Kompetensi Psikolog dalam Telekonseling: Metode Delphi

Imannatul Istiqomah, Edilburga Wulan Saptandari
(Submitted 11 December 2021)
(Published 28 October 2022)

Abstract


Telekonseling telah digunakan di Indonesia sejak beberapa tahun terakhir dan semakin memuncak saat pandemi terjadi, tetapi belum terdapat panduan spesifik mengenai kompetensi apa saja yang perlu dimiliki psikolog dalam memberikan layanan telekonseling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kompetensi dasar apa saja yang perlu dimiliki psikolog dalam melakukan telekonseling. Identifikasi kompetensi psikolog dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Delphi, aitem kompetensi awal disusun melalui literature review yang selanjutnya dikirimkan kepada panel ahli untuk diberikan penilaian, komentar dan masukan terkait kompetensi yang ada. Konsensus dilakukan melalui dua kali putaran. Dari 51 orang panel ahli yang diundang sebanyak 31 panel ahli berpartisipasi dalam penelitian dengan latar belakang dosen pengampu Mata Kuliah Konseling, psikolog dan tim penyusun panduan telepsikologi HIMPSI dan AP2TPI. Berdasarkan kesepakatan panel ahli, diperoleh 93 kompetensi yang perlu dimiliki psikolog dalam melakukan telekonseling yang terbagi ke dalam empat kategori yakni pengembangan hubungan interpersonal, pelaksanaan asesmen dan evaluasi, pelaksanaan intervensi dan konsultasi, serta penguasaan kode etik dan standar layanan. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh sejumlah rekomendasi terkait kebijakan dan penelitian selanjutnya.

Keywords


telekonseling; kompetensi psikolog; metode delphi; delphi method; psychologist’s competency; telecounseling

Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.22146/gamajop.71141

References


American Psychological Association. (2013). Guidelines for the practice of telepsychology. Diunduh dari https://www.apaservices.org/practice/ce/guidelines/telepsychology-guidelines.pdf

Annur, C. M. (2020, 29 Juni). Buka Kanal Kesehatan Jiwa, Halodoc Gandeng 500 Psikolog dan Psikiater. Startup Katadata.co.id. https://katadata.co.id/agustiyanti/digital/5ef9cc6444238/buka-kanal-kesehatan-jiwa-halodoc-gandeng-500-psikolog-dan-psikiater.

Anthony, K., & Nagel, D. M. (2009). Therapy online: A practical guide. SAGE.

Baca, C. T., Alverson, D. C., Knapp Manuel, J., & Blackwell, G. L. (2008). Telecounseling in rural areas for alcohol problems. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020v25n04_03

Bastemur, S., & Bastemur, E. (2015). Technology Based Counseling: Perspectives of Turkish Counselors. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.493

Brenes, G. A., Ingram, C. W., & Danhauer, S. C. (2011). Benefits and challenges of conducting psychotherapy by telephone. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026135

Buchanan, T., Johnson, J. A., & Goldberg, L. R. (2005). Implementing a Five-Factor Personality Inventory for Use on the Internet. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 21(2), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.21.2.115

Castonguay, L. G., Constantino, M. J., & Holtforth, M. G. (2006). The working alliance: Where are we and where should we go? In Psychotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.43.3.271

Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., & Jorm, A. F. (2004). Delivering interventions for depression by using the internet: Randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal, 328(7434). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.37945.566632.ee

Collins, S., & Arthur, N. (2010). Culture-infused counselling: A model for developing multicultural competence. Counselling Psychology Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515071003798212

Cooper, S. E., Campbell, L. F., & Smucker Barnwell, S. (2019). Telepsychology: A Primer for Counseling Psychologists ψ. Counseling Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000019895276

De Luca, R., & Calabrò, R. S. (2020). How the COVID-19 pandemic is changing mental health disease management: The growing need of telecounseling in Italy. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience. 17(4-6), 16-17.

Elosua, P. (2021). Remote tests administration: Risks and recommendations. Papeles Del Psicologo, 42(1). https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2021.2952

Evans, J. (2009). Online counselling and guidance skills: A practical resource for trainees and practitioners. SAGE Publications.

Gamble, N., Boyle, C., & Morris, Z. A. (2015). Ethical Practice in Telepsychology. Australian Psychologist, 50(4), 292–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12133

Glueck, D. (2013). Establishing Therapeutic Rapport in Telemental Health. In Telemental Health (pp. 29–46). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-416048-4.00003-8

Haberstroh, S., Duffey, T., Evans, M., Gee, R., & Trepal, H. (2007). The Experience of Online Counseling. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.29.3.j344651261w357v2

Harrad, R., & Banks, N. (2016). Counselling in Online Environments. In Applied Cyberpsychology. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137517036_8

Hidayati Aini, & Mudjiran, M. (2020). Cybercounseling as one of the skills in the guidance and counseling service in the 21st century. Southeast Asian Journal of Technology and Science, 1(1).

HIMPSI. (2018). Draft Pertama Naskah Akademik Rancangan Undang-Undang Profesi Psikologi. Diunduh dari https://himpsi.or.id/blog/pengumuman2/post/ruu-profesi-psikologi-dan-naskah-akademiknya-58 tanggal 22 November 2020.

HIMPSI. (2020). Panduan Layanan Psikologi Dalam Masa Tanggap Darurat COVID-19 Bagi Psikolog, Sarjana Psikologi, Asisten
Psikolog dan Praktisi Psikologi. Diunduh dari https://himpsi.or.id/blog/pengumuman-2/post/panduan-layanan-psikologi-dalam-masa-tanggap-darurat-covid-19-edisi-1-101.

Horvath, A. O., & Symonds, B. D. (1991). Relation Between Working Alliance and Outcome in Psychotherapy: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38(2). https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.38.2.139

Israel, T., Ketz, K., Detrie, P. M., Burke, M. C., & Shulman, J. L. (2003). Identifying counselor competencies for working with Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual clients. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1300/J236v07n04_02

Johnson, G. R. (2014). Toward uniform competency standards in telepsychology: A proposed framework for canadian psychologists. Canadian Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038002

Keeney, S., Hasson, F., & Mckenna, H. (2010). The Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research. In The Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444392029

Kenardy, J., McCafferty, K., & Rosa, V. (2003). Internet-delivered indicated prevention for anxiety disorders: A randomized controlled trial. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 31(3). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465803003047

Kraus, Stricker & Speyer. (2019). Online Counseling A Handbook for Mental Health Professionals. Elsevier.

Lambert, M. J., & Barley, D. E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4). https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-3204.38.4.357

Liu, S., Yang, L., Zhang, C., Xiang, Y. T., Liu, Z., Hu, S., & Zhang, B. (2020). Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. In The Lancet Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8

Luxton, D. D., Pruitt, L. D., & Osenbach, J. E. (2014). Best practices for remote psychological assessment via telehealth technologies. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034547

Mallen, M. J., Vogel, D. L., & Rochlen, A. B. (2005). The Practical Aspects of Online Counseling: Ethics, Training, Technology, and Competency. The Counseling Psychologist, 33(6). https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000005278625

McCord, C., Bernhard, P., Walsh, M., Rosner, C., & Console, K. (2020). A consolidated model for telepsychology practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22954

Mozer, E., Franklin, B., & Rose, J. (2008). Psychotherapeutic intervention by telephone. Clinical Interventions in Aging. https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s950

Parsons, T. D. (2019). Telepsychology and the Ethical Delivery of e-Therapy. In Ethical Challenges in Digital Psychology and Cyberpsychology. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108553384.009

Pipoly, L. (2013). Counselor Education Curriculum and Online Counseling. In Journal of Instructional Research (2). https://dx.doi.org/10.9743/jir.2013.2.16

Pollock, S. L. (2006). Internet Counseling and Its Feasibility for Marriage and Family Counseling. The Family Journal, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480705282057

Prawitasari, J. E. 2008. Religious issue in psychotherapy. Anima. 23 (4), 325-332.

Rogers, R. (2001). Handbook of diagnostic and structured interviewing. Guilford Press.

Rogers, M. R., & Lopez, E. C. (2002). Identifying critical cross-cultural school psychology competencies. Journal of School Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4405(02)00093-6

Rosana & Widyastuti (2020, 3 Mei). Kecepatan Internet RI Nyaris Terendah, Menkominfo Sebut 6 Sebab. Tempo. Diunduh dari https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1338150/kecepatan-internet-ri-nyaris-terendah-menkominfo-sebut-6-sebab

Ross, W. (2011). Ethical issues involved in online counseling. Journal of Psychological Issues in Organizational Culture. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpoc.20047

<span style="


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.