Exploring Spectral Index Band and Vegetation Indices for Estimating Vegetation Area

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.38981

Iswari Nur Hidayati(1*), R. Suharyadi(2), Projo Danoedoro(3)

(1) Faculty of Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Visual analysis and transformation of vegetation indices have been widely applied in studies of vegetation density using remote sensing data. However, visual analysis is time intensive compared to index transformation. On the other hand, the index transformation from medium resolution imagery is not fully representative for urban vegetation studies. Meanwhile, the spectral range of high-resolution imagery is usually limited to visible wavelengths for the image transformation. Worldview-2 imagery provides a new breakthrough with a high spatial resolution and supports various spectral resolutions. This study aims to explore the spectral value of the Worldview-2 image index for estimation of vegetation density. Normalized indices were made for 56 band combinations and Otsu thresholding was implemented for the threshold selection to separate vegetation and non-vegetation areas. This thresholding was done by minimizing classes’ variances between two groups of pixels which are distinguished by system or classification. The image binarization process was performed to differentiate between vegetation and non-vegetation. For the accuracy testing, a total of 250 samples was produced by a stratified random sampling method. Our results show that the combination of indices from red channel, red-edge, NIR-1, and NIR-2 provides the best accuracy for semantic accuracy. Vegetation area extracted from the index was then compared with the results of the visual analysis. Although the index results in area difference of 2.32 m2 compared to visual analysis, the combination of NIR-2 and red bands can give an accuracy of 96.29 %.

Keywords


vegetation density, spectral index, normalized index

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.38981

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