Survei status gizi balita di Agats, Asmat, Papua: Analisis situasi pascakejadian luar biasa gizi buruk
Maria Fransiska Pudjohartono(1*), Hanggoro Tri Rinonce(2), Josephine Debora(3), Pritania Astari(4), Monica Gisela Winata(5), Fadli Kasim(6)
(1) Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Departemen Patologi Anatomik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(4) Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(5) Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(6) Departemen Teknik Nuklir dan Teknik Fisika, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
A recent extraordinary event of malnutrition in children in Asmat, Papua, Indonesia has drawn enormous attention. To help in post-emergency rehabilitation, Gadjah Mada University sent a Kuliah Kerja Nyata – Peduli Bencana (KKN-PB) team to Agats, Asmat in March 17 – April 20, 2018. As part of situation analysis, the team surveyed the nutritional status of under five-years-old children in Agats, Asmat. The subjects were under five-year-old children coming to posyandus in five areas in Agats in March-April 2018. The data of sex, age, weight, and height were obtained, then the nutritional status in the form of Z-scores for weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), and weight-for-height (WHZ) was calculated using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2 software. Nutritional status was determined based on criteria from World Health Organization (WHO). Among the 372 children, 35 (9.4%) children were underweight and 7 (1.9%) were severely underweight. Twenty one (5.7%) children were stunted and 12 (3.2%) were severely stunted. As many as 23 (6.2%) children were found to be wasted and 6 (1.6%) were severely wasted. The percentages of children with malnutrition found in this survey were lower than the percentages for Indonesia and Papua overall, but percentages in two posyandus were higher than the national and Papua percentages. The relatively low total percentages may be accounted for by concentration of malnutrition cases in districts other than Agats and lack of coverage of children absent from posyandu. Prevalence of malnutrition varied in different age groups possibly due to inadequacy of complementary foods, changes in incidence of infections, and addition of siblings. Further surveys are needed using home visits that will also enable to analyze of socio-economic factors at the same time as nutritional status determinants in Agats and other districts in Asmat.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
- Badan Pusat Statistika Kabupaten Asmat. Asmat Regency in figures. Papua: Badan Pusat Statistika Kabupaten Asmat; 2018.
- BBC Indonesia. Kematian anak akibat gizi buruk di Asmat berlanjut meski KLB sudah berakhir [Internet]. BBC Indonesia; 2018 [cited 2018 Mar 13]. Available from: http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-43363665
- Schaible UE, Kaufmann SHE. Malnutrition and infection: Complex mechanisms and global impacts. PLoS Med. 2007;4(5):0806–12.
- Victora CG, Adair L, Fall C, Hallal PC, Martorell R, Richter L, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: Consequences for adult health and human capital. Lancet. 2008;371(9609):340-57.
- World Health Organization. WHO Anthro (version 3.2.2, January 2011) and macros [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2017 [cited 2018 Sep 22]. Available from: http://www.who.int/childgrowth/software/en/
- De Onis M, Blossner M. Global database on child growth and malnutrition [Internet]. 2010. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbdv.200490137/abstract
- Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset kesehatan dasar 2013. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan, Republik Indonesia; 2013.
- De Onis M. The new WHO child growth standards. Paediatr Croat Suppl. 2008;52 Suppl 1: 13-7.
- Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Profil kesehatan Indonesia 2016. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2017. 431 p.
- Bomela NJ. Social, economic, health, and environmental determinants of child nutritional status in three central asian republics. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1871-7.
- Lanoh M, Sarimin S, Karundeng M. Hubungan pemanfaatan posyandu dengan status Ranotana Weru Kota Manado. J Keperawatan. 2015;3(2):1-7.
- Rahman A. Significant risk factors for childhood malnutrition: Evidence from an Asian developing country. Sci J Public Heal. 2015;4(1):16.
- Megabiaw B, Rahman A. Prevalence and determinants of chronic malnutrition among under-5 children in Ethiopia. Int J Child Heal Nutr. 2013;2(3):230-6.
- Sugandi Y. Analisis konflik dan rekomendasi kebijakan mengenai Papua. Jakarta: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES); 2008. p. 1-30.
- Farida U. Pengaruh aksesibilitas terhadap karakteristik sosial ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan Kecamatan Bumijawa Kabupaten Tegal. Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan. 2013;1(1):49.
- Victora CG, de Onis M, Hallal PC, Blossner M, Shrimpton R. Worldwide timing of growth faltering: Revisiting implications for interventions. Pediatrics. 2010;125(3):e473-80.
- World Bank, World Health Organization, UNICEF. Child stunting in developing countries. 2012 ed. World Bank, World Health Organization, UNICEF; 2012. p. 7-12.
- Henry FJ, Briend A, Fauveau V, Huttly SA, Yunus M, Chakraborty J. Gender and age differentials in risk factors for childhood malnutrition in Bangladesh. Ann Epidemiol. 1993;3(4):382-6.
- World Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding. World heal organ [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2009 [updated 2009 May]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs342/en/
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.39235
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 4958 | views : 17414Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Community Empowerment for Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.