Combating Infectious Diseases Threat among Students in Islamic Boarding School (Pondok Pesantren): A Pilot Assessment

https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.77426

Ichlasul Amalia(1*), Fajrul Falah Farhany(2), Meyka Budi Rachmawati(3), Winda Ernia(4), Hanggoro Tri Rinonce(5), Happy Indah Kusumawati(6), Rahadyana Muslichah(7)

(1) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(5) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(6) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(7) Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Pondok Pesantren or Islamic Boarding Schools (IBS), as one of the major boarding-based education systems in Indonesia, face significant challenges in preventing and controlling infectious disease transmission. Huge numbers of students, crowded dormitories, shared lavatories, limited healthcare facilities, and intense social interactions increase the risk of transmitting infectious diseases within the facilities. This study aimed to provide an initial assessment of the history of infectious diseases and the spread of infectious diseases among students living in IBS before conducting training and intervention related to infectious diseases prevention and control programs. This quantitative study was conducted using a descriptive analysis approach in July-August 2022 at Assalafiyyah Mlangi II Terpadu IBS. A non-probability sampling with total sampling of 841 students was used. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires developed on Google Form and imported to Microsoft Excel for further data analysis. The results indicate that the majority of the students have a history of infectious diseases (90.48%) during their time living in IBS. The most common infectious diseases found were influenza (55.38%), scabies (20.20%), conjunctivitis (8.13%), varicella (4.54%), herpes simplex (2.08%), tuberculosis (0.65%), and measles (0.13%). During the COVID-19 pandemic, a total of 21.16% of the students had been exposed to COVID-19. Considering these findings, it is essential for the staff and students living in IBS to understand the steps to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases and be able to identify and provide initial treatment to stop the transmission of the disease. The development of digital health intervention using a website or application can be implemented to help the students report and consult case findings to medical experts.


Keywords


Clean and healthy living behavior; congregate setting; infectious diseases; Pondok Pesantren; Santri

Full Text:

PDF


References

1.Dhofier, Zamakhsyari Dhofier. Tradisi Pesantren: Studi Pandangan Kyai. Jakarta: LP3ES, 1982.

2.Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs. 2022. Available at: https://ditpdpontren.kemenag.go.id/pdpp (Accessed: 24 August 2022).

3.Kurtiningsih, Anita, D. C. K., & Utsani, R. (2020). Pembentukan Poskestren di Pondok Tahfizd Nurani Insani Desa Balecatur Gamping Sleman, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Pengabdian Dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, 3(1), 365–374. https://doi.org/10.22146/jp2m.50631.

4.Ratnasari AF, Sungkar S. Prevalensi skabies dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan di pesantren X, Jakarta Timur. eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia. 2014;2(1):7–12. https://doi.org/10.23886/ejki.2.3177.

5.Notoatmodjo, Soekidjo.Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar). 2003. Cetakan Kedua. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

6.Bahraen, R. Beberapa Masalah Kesehatan yang sering Muncul di Pondok Pesantren. 2012 available from: https://muslimafiyah.com/beberapamasalah-kesehatan-yang-sering-muncul-dipondok-pesantren.html, pada 6 Mei 2019.

7.Surahmawati & Rusmin, M. Gambaran Kualitas Fisik Bakteriologis Udara dalam Ruang dan Gejala ISPA di Pondok Pesantren Bahrul Ulum Kabupaten Gowa Tahun 2014. Higiene. 2015; 1(2), 84-91. ISSN: 2443-1141.

8.Amiruddin, R. Kebijakan dan Respons Epidemik Penyakit Menular. PT Penerbit IPB Press.2019

9.Fauziah, M., Asmuni, A., Ernyasih, E., & Aryani, P. Penyuluhan Personal Hygiene Untuk Faktor Risiko Penyakit Menular Pada Siswa Pesantren Sabilunnajat Ciamis Jawa Barat. AS-SYIFA: Jurnal Pengabdian Dan Pemberdayaan Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2021; 2(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.24853/assyifa.2.1.55-68

10.Fahham, A. M. Sanitasi dan Dampaknya bagi Kesehatan: Studi dari Pesantren. Jurnal Aspirasi.2019; 10(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.22212/aspirasi.v10i1.1230

11.Rachmawaty, F. J., Rosmelia, Rochmah, F. S. N., & Lusiyana, N. Peran Rekestren (Relawan Kesehatan Pesantren) Dalam Meningkatkan Derajat Kesehatan Pondok Pesantren. Te s i s .2018; 1–6.

12.Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 1 tahun 2013 tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan dan Pembinaan Pos Kesehatan Pesantren.

13.Fajriyah, Siti Fatimatul dkk. (2021). Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan di Pondok Pesantren Attanwir Bojonegoro Jawa Timur. Ál-fâhim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam UIN Walisongo, Semarang. doi: 10.0118/alfahim.v3i2.202.

14.Arsita Atmadji, Layanan Prima Dalam Praktik Saat Ini, (Deepublish: Yogyakarta. 2018. p. 13.

15.Setia Pranata and others, Pesantren Dan Upaya Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja (Pesantren And Adolescent Reproductive Health Education Effort), Jurnal Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan, Vol. 16.No. 63 (2013), p. 313–20. https://doi.org/ doi:10.22435/bpsk.v16i3 Jul.3469.

16.Notoatmodjo. 2012. Metode Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta : Rineka Cipta

17.Brown, E. C. et al.’ Primary school children’s health behaviors, attitudes, and body mass index after a 10-week lifestyle intervention with follow-up’, Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2018; 6(May), pp. 1–8. doi: 10.3389/fped.2018.00137.

18.Vionalita, G. and Kusumaningtiar, D. A.’ Attitude effect to the clean and healthy Behavior children in Rawa Buaya 08 elementary school, Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Esa’. 2017. International Seminar on Global Health (ISGH); p. 303–307.

19.Uzicanin, A. and Gaines, J. Community Congregate Settings, The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. 2018. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-manual/chapters/community-settings.html (Accessed: 18 August 2022).

20.Ahmed, A., et al. . Pattern of infectious diseases among Khalwa (Quran boarding school) students in Khartoum State, Sudan. Sudanese journal of paediatrics. 2022; 22(1), 70–76. https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1611150286

21.Argentina, F., Harahap, D. H. and Lusiana, E.‘Risk factors of scabies in students of Aulia Cendikia Islamic BoardingSchool, Palembang’, Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan: Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya. 2019; 6(3), pp. 96–100. doi: 10.32539/jkk.v6i3.9851.

22.Widyasmoro, H. Hubungan personal hygiene dengan kejadian skabies pada penghuni di balai Rehabilitasi Sosial Bina Karya Laras (RSBKL) Yo g y a k a r t a. 2020. Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.

23.Otani, N. et al. ‘Effect of routine varicella immunization on the epidemiology and immunogenicity of varicella and shingles’, Viruses, 14(3), 2022. pp. 2–8. doi: 10.3390/v14030588.

24.Sodik, M. A. et al. ‘The herpes disease terms of personal hygiene of student senior high school and how to manage this cusses’. 07(02), 2020. pp. 4662–4667. ISSN: 2515-8260.

25.CDC Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Transmission, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/about/transmission.html (Accessed: 20 August 2022).

26.WHO Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): How is it transmitted?, World Health Organization. 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-how-is-it-transmitted (Accessed: 20 August 2022).

27.Megan W, Liesl H, Kathryn GC, Samantha PW, Senad H, Adam B, et al. COVID-19 in correctional and detention facilities-United States, February-April 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020. 69 (19): 587-590.

28.IDPH. Conjunctivitis, Illinois Department of Public Health. 2022 Available at: https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/diseases-a-z-list/conjunctivitis.html (Accessed: 20 August 2022).

29.CDC. Influenza (Flu): How Flu Spreads, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm (Accessed: 20 August 2022).

30.Public Health Ontario. ‘Planning for respiratory virus outbreaks in congregate living settings’. 2021; 1–11.

31.Yulfi H, Zulkhair MF, Yosi A. Scabies infection among boarding school students in Medan, Indonesia: epidemiology, risk factors, and recommended prevention. Trop Parasitol. 2022 Jan-Jun;12(1):34-40. doi: 10.4103/tp.tp_57_21. Epub 2022 Jun 26. PMID: 35923265; PMCID: PMC9341144.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.77426

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 439 | views : 347

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Community Empowerment for Health

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.