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Unplanned pregnancy as a social predictor of COVID-19 severity among pregnant women in Yogyakarta: Study of path analysis
https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.98282 Sepsiana Puspitasari(1*), Munica Rita Hernayanti(2), Nuril F. Lamawatu(3), Windu Syawalina Wahyuningsih(4)
(1) Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Departement of Midwifery, Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(4) Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Introduction: Pandemic Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has passed, but social determinants severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women are still under report. Pregnant women have a higher risk of experiencing severe COVID-19 infection, with the potential for serious complications for maternal and fetal health. The impact of pregnancy planning towards severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women is still lack reported. Objective: this study conducted to determine social factors that predict COVID-19 with severe symptoms among pregnant women at Rumah Sakit Lapangan Khusus COVID-19 (RSLKC) in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Method: through the case-control study, 99 pregnant women who had experienced COVID-19 between August 2021 and May 2022 and were treated at RSLKC self-reporting the retrospective data. Chi square test and path analysis were used for determining the relationship and the direction on the dependent variable, respectively.
Results: severe symptoms of COVID-19 were experienced by pregnant who were not vaccinated (p=0.032), undergo daily physical work (p = 0.023) and undergo unplanned pregnancy (p=0.027). The three variables have a direct influence coefficient magnitude -2.62; 4.05; 2.12, respectively. Unplanned pregnancy is directly influenced by age >35 years and the number of children with coefficient magnitudes 2.81.; -1.69, respectively.
Conclusion: Unplanned pregnancy is a potential social determinant of severe COVID-19 symptoms in pregnant women and other several factors such as vaccine status and physical work (as direct factors), as well as age > 35 years and number of children (as indirect factors that predict unplanned pregnancy).
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.98282
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