Klasterisasi Spasial Keragaman Spesies Tuna di Perairan Selatan Jawa

https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.58917

Ledhyane Ika Harlyan(1*), Abu Bakar Sambah(2), Feni Iranawati(3), Rani Ekawaty(4)

(1) Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan dan Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
(2) Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan dan Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
(3) Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan dan Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
(4) Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia - Institute for Marine and Antartic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Terjadinya penurunan produktivitas perikanan tuna di Perairan Selatan Jawa salah satunya disebabkan oleh adanya kondisi tangkap lebih yang terjadi akibat ketidaktersediaannya informasi geografis akurat terkait jumlah dan jenis spesies. Pendekatan spasial keragaman habitat spesies mampu memberikan prediksi akurat tentang jenis dan jumlah spesies pada suatu daerah penangkapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan peta klasterisasi spasial keragaman spesies tuna berdasarkan data hasil tangkapan tuna dan data lokasi penangkapan di Perairan Selatan Jawa yang diperoleh dari kapal rawai tuna yang menangkap ikan di Samudera Hindia dan mendaratkan  tangkapannya di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Benoa pada bulan September-November 2019 dengan menggunakan beberapa analisis yaitu: (1) analisis keragaman spesies (Shannon-wiener index dan Menhinick index) dan analisis klasterisasi spasial (ward-hierarchical clustering dengan bootstrapped p-value). Berdasarkan kedua hasil analisis tersebut diperoleh tiga klaster pola sebaran daerah penangkapan tuna di Perairan Selatan Jawa yaitu: (1) klaster yang didominasi oleh spesies Thunnus albacares, (2) klaster yang didominasi oleh Thunnus obessus, dan (3) klaster dengan jumlah spesies tuna yang berimbang. Informasi mengenai ketiga klaster daerah penangkapan ini selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai rujukan penentuan pengelolaan perikanan tuna dan upaya pembatasan kapasitas penangkapan khususnya pada spesies tuna yang mengalami penurunan stok.

Keywords


Analisis keragaman; analisis klaster; daerah penangkapan ikan; distribusi spasial; keanekaragaman spesies; komposisi spesies

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.58917

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