Pengaruh Padat Tebar dan Penggunaan Injektor Venturi terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Udang (Litopenaeus Vannamei) dalam Bak Beton

https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.60516

Romi Novriadi(1*), Khoirun Nisa Alfitri(2), Supriyanto Supriyanto(3), Rudy Kurniawan(4), Deendarlianto Deendarlianto(5), Rustadi Rustadi(6), Wiratni Wiratni(7), Sinung Rahardjo(8)

(1) Pengendali Hama dan Penyakit Ikan Muda, Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut Batam, Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Jakarta, Indonesia
(2) Politeknik Ahli Usaha Perikanan, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta, Indonesia
(3) PT. Sinergi Samudera Biru, Jakarta, Indonesia
(4) PT. Multi Dimensi Kreasi, Jakarta, Indonesia
(5) Pusat Studi Energi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(6) Departemen Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Indonesia
(7) Pusat Studi Energi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(8) Politeknik Ahli Usaha Perikanan, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap efek dari perlakuan padat tebar yang berbeda dan penggunaan injektor venture terhadap laju pertumbuhan udang Litopenaeus vannamei yang dipelihara di bak beton. Udang Vannamei (berat awal 0,3 ± 0,07 g) dimasukkan ke dalam 32 bak pemeliharaan dengan ukuran 8x8x1 m dengan padat tebar 300, 400, 500, 600 udang m-2 dan masing-masing padat tebar memiliki delapan pengulangan. Untuk pengamatan injektor venturi, dilakukan di dua kepadatan berbeda yakni 300 dan 600 udang m-2 dengan memasang injektor venturi masing-masing di tiga bak pengamatan dan dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Jumlah pakan yang diberikan ditentukan terlebih dahulu berdasarkan asumsi pertambahan berat udang Vannamei 1 g per minggu, rasio konversi pakan (FCR) 1,4 dan kematian mingguan sebanyak 3 %. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi negatif antara peningkatan padat tebar dengan laju pertumbuhan udang. Berat akhir udang berada di kisaran 13,0±0,2, 11,6±0,5, 10,3±0,4 dan 9,3±1,0 g untuk padat tebar 300, 400, 500, dan 600 udang m-2. Laju pertambahan berat harian berada di kisaran 0,14±0,02 – 0,17±0,02 g dan semakin membaik ketika pada tebar diturunkan (P<0,05). Sementara, tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata untuk parameter FCR dan tingkat kelulushidupan udang (P<0,05). Injektor venturi dapat meningkatkan produktivitas produksi sebesar 6,63±0,094% untuk kepadatan 600 udang m-2 dan 7,97±0,054% untuk kepadatan 300 udang m-2 dibandingkan bak kontrol. Selama masa produksi, tidak ada pengaruh nyata untuk penggunaan empat padat tebar berbeda terhadap kondisi kualitas air media pemeliharaan dan tidak ada insiden munculnya wabah penyakit.

Keywords


Bak beton; injektor venture; kualitas air; laju pertumbuhan; Litopenaues vannamei; padat tebar

Full Text:

PDF


References

Armstrong, D. A., D. Chippendale, A. W. Knight & J. E. Colt. 1978. Interaction of ionized and unionized ammonia on short-term survival and growth of prawn larvae, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Biological Bulletin 154:15–31.

Arnold, S. J., F. E. Coman, C. J. Jackson & S. A. Groves. 2009. High-intensity, zero water-exchange production of juvenile tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon: an evaluation of artificial substrates and stocking density. Aquaculture 293:42–48.

Arsad, S., A. Afandy, A.P. Purwadhi, D.K. Saputra & N.R Buwono. 2017. Studi Kegiatan Budidaya Pembesaran Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) dengan Penerapan Sistem Pemeliharaan Berbeda [Study of Vaname Shrimp Culture (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Different Rearing System]. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 9(1): 1-14.

Boyd, C. E & C.S Tucker. 1992. Water quality and pond soil analyses for aquaculture. Water quality and pond soil analyses for aquaculture.

Brock J & K.L. Main. 1994. A Guide to the Common Problems and Diseases of Cultured Penaeus vannamei. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. pp. 242

Cohen, J.M., T.M. Samocha, J.M. Fox, R.L. Gandy & A.L Lawrence. 2005. Characterization of water quality factors during intensive raceway production of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei using limited discharge and biosecure management tools. Aquacultural engineering, 32(3-4): 425-442.

Direkbusarakom, S & Y. Danayadol. 1998. Effect of oxygen deshrimpetion on some parameters of the immune system in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Advances in shrimp biotechnology: 147-149.

Façanha, F. N., A.R. Oliveira-Neto, C. Figueiredo-Silva & A.J Nunes. 2016. Effect of shrimp stocking density and graded levels of dietary methionine over the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a green-water system. Aquaculture, 463: 16-21.

Jescovitch, L.N., C. Ullman, M. Rhodes & D.A Davis. 2018. Effects of different feed management treatments on water quality for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture Research, 49(1): 526-531.

Kautsky, N., P. Rönnbäck, M. Tedengren & M. Troell. 2000. Ecosystem perspectives on management of disease in shrimp pond farming. Aquaculture, 191(1-3): 145-161.

Krummenauer, D., S. Peixoto, R.O. Cavalli, L.H. Poersch & W. Wasielesky. 2011. Superintensive culture of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in a biofloc technology system in southern Brazil at different stocking densities. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 42(5): 726-733.

McGraw, W., D.R. Teichert-Coddington. D.B Rouse & C.E Boyd. 2001. Higher minimum dissolved oxygen concentrations increase penaeid shrimp yields in earthen ponds. Aquaculture, 199 (3-4): 311-321.

Mena-Herrera, A., C. Gutierrez-Corona. M. Linan-Cabello & H. Sumano-Lopez. 2006. Effects of stocking densities on growth of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in earthen ponds.

Moss, K.R.K & S. M. Moss. 2004. Effects of artificial substrate and stocking density on the nursery production of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 35:537–542

Racotta, I.S & R. Hernández-Herrera. 2000. Metabolic responses of the white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, to ambient ammonia. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 125(4): 437-443.

Ray, A.J., K.S. Dillon & J.M Lotz. 2011. Water quality dynamics and shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production in intensive, mesohaline culture systems with two levels of biofloc management. Aquacultural Engineering, 45(3): 127-136.

Ruiz-Velazco, J. M., A. Hernández-Llamas, V.M. Gomez-Muñoz & F.J. Magallon,. 2010. Dynamics of intensive production of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei affected by white spot disease. Aquaculture, 300(1-4): 113-119.

Samadan, G. M., Rustadi, Djumanto & Murwantoko. 2018. Production performance of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at different stocking densities reared in sand ponds using shrimpastic mulch. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 11(4): 1213-1221.

Sandifer, P.A & J.T. Hopkins. 1996. Conceptual design of a sustainable pond-based shrimp culture system. Aquacultural Engineering 15: 41–52.

Suantika, G., M.L. Situmorang, J.B. Kurniawan, S.A Pratiwi, P. Aditiawati, D.I. Astuti, F.F.N Azizah, Y.A. Djohan, U. Zuhri & T.M. Simatupang. 2018. Development of a zero water discharge (ZWD)-Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) hybrid system for super intensive white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture under low salinity conditions and its industrial trial in commercial shrimp urban farming in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Aquacultural Engineering, 82, pp.12-24.

Wickins JF. 1976. The tolerance of warm-water prawns to recirculated water. Aquaculture 9: 19-3

Zulkarnain, R., K. Adiyana, Waryanto, H. Nugroho, B. Nugraha, L. Thesiana & E. Supriyono. 2020. Selection of intensive shrimp farming technology for small farmers with analytical hierarchy process: a case for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 404 (1). IOP Publishing. pp. 12 – 17.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.60516

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4578 | views : 4835

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada (print ISSN 0853-6384; online ISSN 2502-5066) is published by Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with Semnaskan UGM (Seminar Nasional Tahunan Hasil Perikanan dan Kelautan) and ISMFR (International Symposium on Marine and Fisheries Research).

 

View My Stats